胎儿弯杆菌表面蛋白(SapA)基因的分段表达及其免疫原性分析

应用PCR方法扩增出胎儿弯杆菌表面蛋白基因（SapA）的2个基因片段SapA-N（1398bp）和sapA—C（1422bp）,采用DNA重组技术,将2个基因片段分别连接于表达载体pET32a（＋）,并在大肠杆菌中诱导表达（rSapA—N和rSapA—C）,用金属鳌合层析的方法纯化蛋白。以Western blot检测重组蛋白的免疫学活性,ELISA试验分析2种蛋白用于胎儿弯杆菌病血清学诊断的可能性。结果表明,以可溶形式表达的2部分蛋白分子量大小约66ku,与预期大小相符。纯化的蛋白均具有良好的免疫学活性,但蛋白rSapA-N比蛋白rSapA-C的免疫学活性高,rSapA-N具有良好的胎儿弯杆菌病血清学诊断的应用价值。     

抗旋毛虫P53ES蛋白单克隆抗体的制备

为制备抗旋毛虫的单克隆抗体(MAb),以旋毛虫P53ES基因的重组蛋白免疫BALB/c鼠,经ELISA筛选和有限稀释法克隆,得到2株能稳定分泌MAb的杂交瘤细胞株.亚类鉴定2株MAb均属IgM亚类,其轻链均为κ链;腹水效价均达到1:104以上;Western blot证实2株MAb均能与约53 ku处的ES抗原反应,出现特异性条带;杂交瘤细胞株连续传代,细胞生长良好,效价稳定;所得MAb与隐孢子虫、猪鞭虫、猪囊尾蚴囊液抗原、多头蚴囊液、日本血吸虫抗原均无交叉反应.抗旋毛虫P53ES蛋白的MAb的制备,为旋毛虫病的研究和研制旋毛虫病诊断试剂盒奠定了基础.     

抗牛边缘无浆体MSP5单克隆抗体的制备

为制备抗牛边缘无浆体膜表面蛋白(MSP5)单克隆抗体(MAb),以原核表达的重组MSP5蛋白(rMSP5)免疫BALB/c鼠,应用常规杂交瘤技术获得2株能稳定分泌特异性MAb的杂交瘤细胞株(1D8和2F3).间接ELISA检测腹水效价分别为5.49×105和7.83×104,亚类鉴定其重链为分别为IgG2b和1gG2a,轻链均为K型;ELISA叠加试验表明这2株MAb识别的抗原位点相同或相近;Western blot结果显示2株MAb均能与rMSP5发生反应.特异性抗MSP5的MAb的获得,为牛边缘无浆体检测奠定了基础.     

抗猪细小病毒单克隆抗体的制备

为了建立一种快速准确的猪细小病毒(PPV)病诊断体系,本研究制备了抗PPV的单克隆抗体(MAb)的杂交瘤细胞株.将PPV免疫的BALB/c小鼠脾细胞与SP2/0细胞在聚乙二醇作用下融合,用ELISA方法筛选,得到8株分泌抗PPV MAb细胞株,这8株MAb亚类均为IgG1,轻链均为κ型.交叉实验等特异性分析发现这些MAb只特异地与PPV发生反应,而不与猪圆环病毒Ⅱ型(PCV2)、猪伪狂犬病毒(PRV)、猪繁殖和呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)等发生交叉反应.将杂交瘤细胞注射BALB/c小鼠制备的腹水抗体效价介于1:2 560～1:20 480之间.Western blot结果显示,8株MAb中2株针对VP1发生反应,5株针对VP2、VP3发生反应,但其中有1株呈阴性反应,该MAb可能识别的是PPV的构象表位.     

抗猪附红细胞体单克隆抗体的制备和鉴定

为了制备特异的抗猪附红细胞体单克隆抗体(monoclonal antibody,MAb),将纯化的猪附红细胞体抗原浓缩后免疫6周龄BALB/c小鼠,通过杂交瘤细胞技术制备MAb。制备的MAb分别通过抗体亚类试剂盒、Western blot进行单抗亚类和特异性检测。结果显示,共获得了2株能稳定分泌MAb的杂交瘤细胞株,命名为3F7和2C4。2株MAb的亚型均为IgG2a,其腹水效价分别可达1:16 000和1:14 000。特异性检测表明,2株MAb均能特异性地与猪附红细胞体结合,而与弓形虫、猪链球菌、猪肺炎支原体和猪繁殖与呼吸综合症病毒均无反应。2株MAb的获得有望为猪附红细胞体病的诊断和防治提供新的材料。     

抗鸡传染性支气管炎病毒N蛋白单克隆抗体制备与鉴定

为建立抗鸡传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV)的单克隆抗体(MAb),利用浓缩的IBV致弱株CK/CH/LDL97Ⅰ F115病毒免疫BALB/c小鼠,采用杂交瘤技术,经间接ELISA和有限稀释法,经筛选和克隆后获得了一株抗IBV N蛋白MAb的杂交瘤细胞系(2D2).经鉴定,其MAb的重链为lgG<.1>亚型,轻链为κ链.ELISA和westernblot试验结果表明,所获得的这株2D2 MAb可特异性识别IBV N蛋白.2D2 MAb可与多种血清型IBV发生反应,表明该MAb识别的表位可能位于N蛋白的保守区域.为进一步鉴定IBV的表位及诊断试剂的研究奠定了基础.     

鲤春病毒血症病毒单克隆抗体的制备及其特性鉴定

为获得针对鲤春病毒血症病毒(SVCV)特异性的单克隆抗体(MAb),以纯化的SVCV为抗原,免疫BALB/c小鼠.将免疫鼠的脾细胞与SP2/0骨髓瘤细胞融合,采用间接ELISA法筛选获得4个能稳定分泌抗SVCV MAb的杂交瘤细胞株;4个杂交瘤细胞制备腹水的MAb效价为1:160 000～1:640 000.亚型鉴定结果表明,这些MAb分属2个亚型(1F1、3E1,IgG2a;3F5、4F9,IgGl),轻链均为K链.Western blot分析显示,MAb1F1、3F5、4F9能特异性地识别SVCV的N蛋白(47 ku),3E1能特异性地识别SVCV的G蛋白(69 ku).采用相加ELISA法对抗原表位分析结果显示,1F1、3F5、4F9可能识别相同的表位,3E1则识别不同的表位.间接免疫荧光试验结果显示4株MAb均能对染毒病灶产生特异性的荧光染色.这些MAb的制备为SVCV免疫学检测方法的建立奠定了基础.     

抗鸭多杀性巴氏杆菌外膜蛋白H单克隆抗体的制备及鉴定

为制备抗鸭多杀性巴氏杆菌(P.multocida)外膜蛋白H(OmpH)单克隆抗体(MAb),本研究以原核表达并纯化的OmpH重组蛋白免疫BALB/c小鼠,将其脾淋巴细胞与SP2/0进行融合,并以重组OmpH蛋白为抗原,通过间接ELISA方法筛选出3株能够稳定分泌抗OmpH的杂交瘤细胞株(1A9、1E9、3G7)。MAb亚类鉴定表明,1A9、1E9和3G7均为IgG1亚类,轻链均为κ链。经western blot和间接免疫荧光检测证明3株MAb均具有良好的特异性。这些抗OmpH MAb的获得,为鸭P.multocida病的快速、有效、敏感的诊断方法建立奠定了基础。     

猪囊尾蚴头节单克隆抗体的制备及特性鉴定

为制备抗猪囊尾蚴头节单克隆抗体(MAb),本研究采用纯化的猪囊尾蚴头节(Cysticercus Cellulosae Scolex)作为抗原免疫BALB/c小鼠,通过杂交瘤细胞技术,获得3株分泌抗猪囊尾蚴头节MAb的杂交瘤细胞系(分别命名为2C6、3A5和4G10)。对这3株MAb进行生物学特性鉴定,其染色体平均记数为92±10对,经间接ELISA检测腹水效价分别为1:12800、1:6400和1:25600。亚类鉴定证实,这3株亚类均为IgG1型。Westernblot检测表明,3株纯化的MAb均可与猪囊尾蚴头节抗原发生特异反应;而与猪囊尾蚴囊壁和囊液抗原均不发生反应。本研究获得的3株MAb为猪囊尾蚴病免疫学诊断研究奠定技术基础。     

猪圆环病毒2型Rep’蛋白单克隆抗体制备及其抗原表位鉴定

为制备猪圆环病毒2型Rep’蛋白单克隆抗体(MAb),本研究采用淋巴细胞瘤杂交技术制备其MAb,获得了1株能够稳定分泌抗PCV2-Rep’蛋白的杂交瘤细胞株,命名为3D1株。MAb亚类鉴定为IgG1/κ型,腹水效价达1∶819 200。Western blot分析表明,该MAb可与重组杆状病毒表达的PCV2-rRep’和PCV2-rRep蛋白发生特异性反应,具有良好的特异性和反应原性。采用MAb对PCV2感染细胞中Rep’蛋白抗原性进行了鉴定,证明该MAb能够与病毒Rep’蛋白产生特异性反应。采用合成肽扫描法对MAb对应的抗原表位鉴定,其核心序列为61FANFVKKQTFNKV73,位于PCV2-Rep’蛋白的N末端。制备的MAb及其抗原表位鉴定,为该病毒分子生物学及诊断技术的研究奠定了基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.