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为有效延缓煎炸油品质恶化,研究使用迷迭香脂溶性复配抗氧化剂后花生油煎炸过程中的品质变化,将迷迭香脂溶性提取物(鼠尾草酸、鼠尾草酚、熊果酸)、维生素C、L-抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯进行三元复配,与人工合成抗氧化剂TBHQ进行对比,以酸值、过氧化值、丙二醛值、共轭二烯值、共轭三烯值、色值为指标,同时进行感官评价。结果表明:160℃下进行24 h的间歇煎炸,在不添加新油的条件下,该迷迭香脂溶性三元复配抗氧化剂对酸值及丙二醛值的升高起到一定抑制作用,分别为空白组的50.8%和55.8%;与空白组相比,共轭二烯值、共轭三烯值分别降低0.263、0.992,有效降解了高温煎炸过程中产生的共轭二烯与共轭三烯化合物;色值无显著变化。相比化学合成抗氧化剂TBHQ,迷迭香脂溶性提取物+维生素C+L-抗坏血酸三元复配抗氧化剂在提高花生油煎炸稳定性方面表现出较好的优势,能有效延缓煎炸油品质恶化,延长食用寿命。 相似文献
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研究评价了加工工艺中0.15%茶多酚及0.05%茶多酚复合5 mmol/L柠檬酸和5 mmol/L氯化钙处理对秘鲁鱿鱼丝25℃贮藏过程中理化和感官特性的影响.结果显示,鱿鱼丝在贮藏中水分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、pH和还原力均显著下降(P<0.05).鱿鱼丝L*显著降低,C*明显增加(P<0.05),表明贮藏过程中发生明显的褐变反应.鱿鱼丝中乳糖不断分解成半乳糖和葡萄糖(P<0.05),氧化三甲胺(Trimetlyamineoxde,TMAO)降解成二甲胺(Dimethyamine,DMA)和甲醛(P<0.05),特别是在贮藏的90 d.而茶多酚及复合柠檬酸和氯化钙处理能显著减少水分损失,抑制乳糖分解和TMAO降解,延缓脂肪氧化和TVB-N积累(P<0.05).因此,茶多酚和柠檬酸复合添加剂对改善鱿鱼丝贮藏过程中的品质效果良好. 相似文献
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以胡椒插条苗为研究对象,通过在低pH和正常pH营养液中添加不同浓度铝,研究胡椒根系细胞存活和有机酸分泌对低pH和铝胁迫的响应。结果表明:pH5.0(低pH)条件下,不添加铝时,胡椒根细胞即表现出坏死症状,当添加80μmol/L铝时,胡椒根细胞开始凋亡,200μmol/L铝添加导致胡椒根细胞全部死亡;pH6.0(正常pH)条件下,当添加80μmol/L铝时,胡椒根细胞出现坏死症状,200μmol/L铝添加导致根尖细胞大量凋亡。由此可见,低pH和铝的双重胁迫加速胡椒根细胞凋亡。低浓度铝添加致使胡椒根系分泌有机酸速率增加,柠檬酸为胡椒适应低pH和铝胁迫分泌的主要有机酸;在低pH和正常pH条件下,40μmol/L铝添加均可诱导胡椒根系柠檬酸分泌速度的增加,苹果酸仅在正常pH条件下低浓度铝胁迫时分泌速率增加。因此,低pH条件下,铝胁迫引起胡椒根系分泌有机酸种类减少,分泌速率降低。研究还发现Al3+是对胡椒毒害最严重的铝形态,是pH4.5土壤中的主要铝形态,目前海南省胡椒主要植区有50%的土壤pH低于4.5,所以对于胡椒园土壤的铝毒害应引起足够重视。 相似文献
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茶等植物中的抗氧化剂 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
《中国茶叶》1989,(6)
抗氧化剂以来源分,可分为人工合成和天然两大类。人工合成最常用的抗氧化剂有丁基羟基茴香醚(BHA)、丁基羟甲苯(BHT)、没食子酸丙酯(PG)、特丁基对苯二酚(TBHQ)、三羟基苯丁酮(THBP)等;天然抗氧化剂有维生素E和C、黄酮类及其衍生物、生物碱和氨基酸等。目前用于油脂的抗氧化剂大多是人工合成的,天然抗氧化剂主要从植物中提取,近来得到广泛使用,有的尚未开发。 相似文献
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胡椒油树脂具有粘度大、色泽深、易结晶、不溶于水等缺点,限制了其工业化生产及应用。为解决胡椒油树脂的应用问题,本文选择单甘酯与蔗糖酯为乳化剂、阿拉伯胶为增稠剂,研究单甘酯与蔗糖酯的比例、乳化剂添加量、阿拉伯胶添加量、胡椒油树脂与去离子水的比例对胡椒油树脂乳化性及乳液稳定性的影响,并通过正交实验优化胡椒油树脂的乳化条件。得到的最优乳化条件为:单甘酯与蔗糖酯比例3∶7、乳化剂添加量2%、阿拉伯胶添加量4%、油水比例1∶8。在此条件下,乳液不分层且流动性较好,乳液稳定性达95%。本研究对胡椒油树脂进行乳化,有利于提高胡椒油树脂的稳定性,扩大其应用范围,促进胡椒产品由初级加工向高附加值精深加工转变。 相似文献
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大豆豆渣粗提物清除DPPH自由基活性及其协同效应的研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
用二苯代苦味肼基自由基(DPPH)-TLC法和酶标仪法对大豆豆渣石油醚、乙酸乙酯、丙酮、乙醇粗提物的自由基清除活性进行了定性和定量分析,考察了抗氧化剂维生素C、柠檬酸对大豆豆渣乙醇粗提物清除DPPH自由基活性的协同效应。结果表明:大豆豆渣不同极性粗提物均有一定的自由基清除活性,其中乙醇粗提物的自由基清除活性最强,在浓度为10.0 mg.mL-1,于37℃下保温15 min时,对0.4 mg.mL-1的DPPH自由基的清除率可达76.48%;维生素C和柠檬酸对大豆豆渣乙醇粗提物均能产生一定的协同效应,且维生素C的协同作用强于柠檬酸。 相似文献
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针对豫北地区的大豆生产现状,从气候、土壤、品种、生态因素及市场需求等方面提出了优质大豆的发展策略与途径。 相似文献
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以长沙县高桥相同嫩度茶鲜叶原料采用卷曲形毛尖茶加工工艺制绿茶为对照,分别对沅陵县齐眉翠峰、凤娇碣滩茶、干发茶和军大坪茶4种绿茶的主要生化成分与感官品质进行初步分析。结果表明,沅陵4种绿茶的茶多酚总量28.76%~30.34%,游离氨基酸总量2.35%~3.22%,咖啡碱含量3.00%~3.63%,水浸出物含量37.26%~40.07%,可溶性糖总量5.46%~5.65%,可溶性蛋白含量1.50%~1.74%,类黄酮化合物总量1.16%~1.79%,叶绿素总量1.36%~2.01%,儿茶素总量13.53%~16.20%。与对照相比,4种绿茶的茶多酚、可溶性糖和儿茶素总量均高于对照,除齐眉翠峰外其余3种茶样水浸出物和叶绿素总量均高于对照,除干发茶外其余3种茶样类黄酮化合物总量均高于对照。 相似文献
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Irrigation of Netted Gem potatoes was scheduled during three growing seasons by three methods: (a) when plants displayed first visual symptoms of moisture stress, (b) when indicated by a soil moisture budget involving estimated evapotranspiration, and (c) on the basis of tensiometer readings of soil moisture suction. When the tensiometer method of scheduling was used, the mean yields of tubers were 55.0 and 25.8 cwt/acre (6160 and 2890 kg/ha) higher than those obtained with the other two scheduling methods. Methods did not affect the specific gravity of potatoes. Method (a) scheduled irrigations least frequently. Scheduling by the budget method was not always adequate because it was based on the assumption that the crop extracted water from a constant 4 ft (1.2 m) profile from planting to full vegetative growth. In one year the budget method scheduled the first irrigation earlier than necessary and delayed the second irrigation during a critical period of crop growth. From full vegetative cover to harvest the irrigation schedules were alike for both the budget and tensiometer methods. 相似文献
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1 吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究工作简介吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究所 ,设在吉林省长春市西安大路种子大厦内。现有科技人员 6人 ,其中研究员 2人 ,农艺师 2人 ,技术员 2人 ,定向培养研究生 2人。大豆研究所的主要任务是选育稳产、高产、优质及抗病虫大豆新品种 ;同时密切 相似文献
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Sena L.P. VanderJagt D.J. Rivera C. Tsin A.T.C. Muhamadu I. Mahamadou O. Millson M. Pastuszyn A. Glew R.H. 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1998,52(1):17-30
In the western Sahel, indigenous plants become important staples when cereal harvests are inadequate to support populations inhabiting that region of Africa. The purpose of this study was to assess the nutrient content of several of these edible wild plants. The leaves of the following seven plant foods were analyzed: Ziziphus mauritiana, Cerathotheca sesamoides, Moringa oleifera, Leptadenia hastata, Hibiscus sabdarifa, Amaranthus viridi, and Adansonia digitata. The fatty acid, vitamin E, carotenoid, selected mineral and amino acid contents of these plant foods were determined. These same analyses were performed on the fruit of the Adansonia digitata. In quantitative and qualitative terms, Amaranthus viridis was found to be an excellent source of protein. Its amino acid composition compared favorably to that of a World Health Organization (WHO) protein standard. It also contained considerable amounts of the two fatty acids that are essential in humans (linoleic and -linolenic) and a number of minerals including iron, magnesium, calcium and zinc. The leaves of Hibiscus sabdarifa contained an appreciable quantity of protein the composition of which was comparable to the WHO standard. The mineral content of the leaves of this plant was also exceptionally high; noteworthy was its high zinc content. H. sabdarifa also contained significant quantities of the two essential fatty acids. Ziziphus mauritiana was an excellent source of the essential fatty acid linoleic acid and several of the metals including iron, calcium, magnesium and zinc. Its content of other essential nutrients, however, was rather low. In general, Adansonia digitata leaves were nutritionally superior to the fruit of the tree; however, the fruit did contain useful quantities of potassium, phosphorus, zinc and -linolenic acid. The Leptadenia hastata leaves were an especially good source of lutein and -carotene. These data should be useful to the people who inhabit the western Sahel in helping them devise healthy diets during times when cereal staples are in short supply. 相似文献
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通过电解质外渗法和匍匐茎恢复试验对‘阳江’狗牙根及其12个通过形态鉴定选出的坪用价值高且花序密度低的诱变后代进行抗寒性鉴定。电解质外渗法结果表明:诱变后代间的抗寒性具有较大差异,其叶片半致死温度(LT50)的变异范围为-7.6~-0.2℃(最低值与最大值相差7.4℃);参试材料抗寒性由强到弱依次为M18>M4>M26>M28> M22>阳江>M29>M31>M10>M37>M16>M1>M25,其中,有5个诱变后代抗寒性优于亲本,分别是M18、M4、M26、M28、M22。匍匐茎恢复实验结果表明:诱变后代M1、M22、M26、M31、M25在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫后的恢复生长率都高于亲本,恢复能力均优于亲本;M10、M37、M28在-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长能力低于亲本,抗寒性相对较弱,M16和M4在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长率都低于亲本,抗寒性明显弱于亲本。综合2种方法鉴定结果显示:诱变后代M1、M25的恢复能力较强;M4、M28的叶片抗寒性较好,青绿期较长;M22、M18、M26的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较强;M29,M31的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力与亲本相似;M10、M16、M37的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较弱,整体抗寒性较弱。 相似文献
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实施茶叶优势区域规划促进川茶产业持续发展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了充分发挥四川茶叶的比较优势和自然资源优势,进一步提高川茶产业竞争力和促进农民增收,在四川省委、省政府重视下,在开展特色茶叶产品研究的基础上,制订了<四川省茶叶优势区域规划>,以期通过"规划"的实施,在基地建设、规模化生产、产业化经营等方面取得新的突破,为四川省盆周山区和丘陵地区的农村经济发展和农民增收做出新的更大贡献. 相似文献