利用黄色诱虫板防治水稻潜叶蝇试验研究

由于水稻潜叶蝇对黄色趋性最强,我们研究利用黄色诱虫板防治水稻潜叶蝇试验。试验设3个处理,分别为利用黄色诱虫板防治潜叶蝇,化学药剂防治潜叶蝇,空白对照。结果表明,利用黄色诱虫板防治效果为52.5%,利用化学药剂防治效果为88.4%。黄色诱虫板防治水稻潜叶蝇可以在水稻有机米生产中进行大面积推广应用。     

防治水稻潜叶蝇的药剂筛选

通过对防治水稻潜叶蝇不同药剂、不同用量的田间对比试验，结果表明，32g／kg的35％丁硫克百威拌种预防潜叶蝇效果最好，药效可迭55d以上，适宜在生产上推广应用。     

盘锦稻区稻小潜叶蝇发生规律与防治方法

稻小潜叶蝇是水稻常发性害虫之一,以幼虫潜入叶片取食叶肉为主,危害水稻前期的生长发育。盘锦稻区常年被害率为10%~20%,严重年份达到50%~60%。讨论了盘锦地区稻小潜叶蝇的发生规律,以及有效的稻小潜叶蝇防治技术。     

大豆豆秆黑潜蝇的发生规律及其防治研究

大豆豆秆黑潜蝇(Melanag romyza sojae Zeh)属双翅目,潜蝇科,是大豆重要害虫之一,该蝇在本地区范围发生普遍而严重。豆秆黑潜蝇生活习性隐蔽,卵、幼虫、蛹都在植株组织内生活。一年可发生四代,世代交叉重叠,常难于截然划分。大豆品种、生育期不同,直接影响成虫产卵选择性和幼虫发育,以蛹在豆秆内越冬,翌年6月上旬陆续羽化,卵多产于叶片反面近基部主脉两侧叶组织内。幼虫孵化后从叶组织向支脉潜行,然后蛀入主秆     

农优矮生豌豆病虫害的综合防治

介绍农优矮生豌豆的常见病虫害:豌豆炭疽病、豌豆白粉病、豌豆褐斑病、豌豆潜叶蝇、豆杆黑潜蝇的危害症状,提出相应的防治措施。     

茶潛叶蝇的为害及其防治

茶潜叶蝇(Chlorops theaeLefroy)属双翅目、潜蝇科,是茶树潜叶类害虫,至今国内只见有种的记载,有关专题报道还不曾多见。近年笔者对此虫的为害和防治作了初步探讨,现将结果报告如下,以供参考。一、发生动态 60年代,在江西茶园可见到茶潜叶蝇零星发生,但1980年以前都未成灾。1981年9月任婺源茶区首见猖獗,此后,1982、     

寒地水稻潜叶蝇的发生与防治

介绍了水稻潜叶蝇的形态特征、在黑龙江省的发生规律及其发生危害的田间条件与症状表现,并从做好测报工作、保护利用天敌、加强田间管理、适时早插秧、秧本田药剂防治、物理防治等方面总结了寒地水稻潜叶蝇的防治技术。     

不同小麦品种及施肥条件对麦叶灰潜蝇发生的影响

通过田间小区试验，调查研究了5个小麦品种在4种不同施肥条件下麦叶灰潜蝇的发生情况，并通过分析测定不同施肥备件下不同小麦品种叶片的可溶性糖和蛋白质含量，探讨了小麦品种及施肥与麦叶灰潜蝇发生及危害程度的关系。结果表明，不同处理对小麦麦叶友潜蝇的发生危害具有明显不同的影响，这种影响主要是由于品种的不同所引起的。在5个小麦品种中，以NR9405最易感虫，其次是小偃6号、9430、RB6、陕229。不同施肥水平之间差异不显著。小麦叶片可溶性糖和蛋白质含量的变化与麦叶灰潜蝇的发生无明显的相关性。     

利用黄色诱虫板诱杀水稻潜叶蝇调查

利用黄色诱虫板诱杀潜叶蝇,调查诱虫板诱虫数量,诱虫板在水田放置高度与诱杀虫数量的关系及潜叶蝇在诱虫板上的空间分布情况。结果表明,距离水面1 cm处诱虫板上诱杀成虫数量高于距离水面3 cm处诱杀成虫数量。潜叶蝇在诱虫板上的空间分布为:在距离水面1～3 cm处诱杀成虫数量最多,密度最大;在距离水面3～8 cm处次之;在距离水面8 cm以上诱杀成虫数量最少,密度也最小。     

化学农药减量技术防治水稻潜叶蝇的药效试验

选择氯虫酰胺杀虫剂和短稳杆菌悬浮剂进行农药减量试验,结果表明:四氯虫酰胺在40 ml/100 m~2或60 ml/100m~2,药后10 d对水稻潜叶蝇的防效均在100%以上,持效期达20 d以上。短稳杆菌乳油100 ml/100 m~2对水稻潜叶蝇预防效果好具有防治成本低,施用方法灵活、方便等优点。所以四氯虫酰胺20 ml/100 m~2可作为防治水稻潜叶蝇的药剂进行推广。从化学农药减量角度推荐短稳杆菌100 ml/100 m~2替代化学农药。     

豫北优质大豆产业发展策略

针对豫北地区的大豆生产现状，从气候、土壤、品种、生态因素及市场需求等方面提出了优质大豆的发展策略与途径。     

湖南沅陵4种绿茶品质成分分析

以长沙县高桥相同嫩度茶鲜叶原料采用卷曲形毛尖茶加工工艺制绿茶为对照,分别对沅陵县齐眉翠峰、凤娇碣滩茶、干发茶和军大坪茶4种绿茶的主要生化成分与感官品质进行初步分析。结果表明,沅陵4种绿茶的茶多酚总量28.76%~30.34%,游离氨基酸总量2.35%~3.22%,咖啡碱含量3.00%~3.63%,水浸出物含量37.26%~40.07%,可溶性糖总量5.46%~5.65%,可溶性蛋白含量1.50%~1.74%,类黄酮化合物总量1.16%~1.79%,叶绿素总量1.36%~2.01%,儿茶素总量13.53%~16.20%。与对照相比,4种绿茶的茶多酚、可溶性糖和儿茶素总量均高于对照,除齐眉翠峰外其余3种茶样水浸出物和叶绿素总量均高于对照,除干发茶外其余3种茶样类黄酮化合物总量均高于对照。     

Comparisons of methods of scheduling irrigations of potatoes

Irrigation of Netted Gem potatoes was scheduled during three growing seasons by three methods: (a) when plants displayed first visual symptoms of moisture stress, (b) when indicated by a soil moisture budget involving estimated evapotranspiration, and (c) on the basis of tensiometer readings of soil moisture suction. When the tensiometer method of scheduling was used, the mean yields of tubers were 55.0 and 25.8 cwt/acre (6160 and 2890 kg/ha) higher than those obtained with the other two scheduling methods. Methods did not affect the specific gravity of potatoes. Method (a) scheduled irrigations least frequently. Scheduling by the budget method was not always adequate because it was based on the assumption that the crop extracted water from a constant 4 ft (1.2 m) profile from planting to full vegetative growth. In one year the budget method scheduled the first irrigation earlier than necessary and delayed the second irrigation during a critical period of crop growth. From full vegetative cover to harvest the irrigation schedules were alike for both the budget and tensiometer methods.     

吉林省平安农业科学院大豆所大豆研究工作报告

1　吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究工作简介吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究所 ,设在吉林省长春市西安大路种子大厦内。现有科技人员 6人 ,其中研究员 2人 ,农艺师 2人 ,技术员 2人 ,定向培养研究生 2人。大豆研究所的主要任务是选育稳产、高产、优质及抗病虫大豆新品种 ;同时密切     

Analysis of nutritional components of eight famine foods of the Republic of Niger

In the western Sahel, indigenous plants become important staples when cereal harvests are inadequate to support populations inhabiting that region of Africa. The purpose of this study was to assess the nutrient content of several of these edible wild plants. The leaves of the following seven plant foods were analyzed: Ziziphus mauritiana, Cerathotheca sesamoides, Moringa oleifera, Leptadenia hastata, Hibiscus sabdarifa, Amaranthus viridi, and Adansonia digitata. The fatty acid, vitamin E, carotenoid, selected mineral and amino acid contents of these plant foods were determined. These same analyses were performed on the fruit of the Adansonia digitata. In quantitative and qualitative terms, Amaranthus viridis was found to be an excellent source of protein. Its amino acid composition compared favorably to that of a World Health Organization (WHO) protein standard. It also contained considerable amounts of the two fatty acids that are essential in humans (linoleic and -linolenic) and a number of minerals including iron, magnesium, calcium and zinc. The leaves of Hibiscus sabdarifa contained an appreciable quantity of protein the composition of which was comparable to the WHO standard. The mineral content of the leaves of this plant was also exceptionally high; noteworthy was its high zinc content. H. sabdarifa also contained significant quantities of the two essential fatty acids. Ziziphus mauritiana was an excellent source of the essential fatty acid linoleic acid and several of the metals including iron, calcium, magnesium and zinc. Its content of other essential nutrients, however, was rather low. In general, Adansonia digitata leaves were nutritionally superior to the fruit of the tree; however, the fruit did contain useful quantities of potassium, phosphorus, zinc and -linolenic acid. The Leptadenia hastata leaves were an especially good source of lutein and -carotene. These data should be useful to the people who inhabit the western Sahel in helping them devise healthy diets during times when cereal staples are in short supply.     

芦笋枯萎病病原鉴定

对造成福建省漳州市东山县的芦笋枯萎病病原菌进行分子鉴定,以期确定病原菌的属、种名,为防治该病害寻求理论依据。试验对分离纯化的病原菌核糖体DNA的ITS区进行测序,在Genbank中搜索其同源性并构建它们的系统发育树,结果表明：引起芦笋枯萎病的病原菌是镰刀属中的尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum),且病原菌之间的同源性高达89%,遗传差异不显著。     

实施茶叶优势区域规划促进川茶产业持续发展

为了充分发挥四川茶叶的比较优势和自然资源优势,进一步提高川茶产业竞争力和促进农民增收,在四川省委、省政府重视下,在开展特色茶叶产品研究的基础上,制订了<四川省茶叶优势区域规划>,以期通过"规划"的实施,在基地建设、规模化生产、产业化经营等方面取得新的突破,为四川省盆周山区和丘陵地区的农村经济发展和农民增收做出新的更大贡献.     

狗牙根诱变后代抗寒性评价

通过电解质外渗法和匍匐茎恢复试验对‘阳江’狗牙根及其12个通过形态鉴定选出的坪用价值高且花序密度低的诱变后代进行抗寒性鉴定。电解质外渗法结果表明:诱变后代间的抗寒性具有较大差异,其叶片半致死温度(LT₅₀)的变异范围为-7.6～-0.2℃(最低值与最大值相差7.4℃);参试材料抗寒性由强到弱依次为M18>M4>M26>M28> M22>阳江>M29>M31>M10>M37>M16>M1>M25,其中,有5个诱变后代抗寒性优于亲本,分别是M18、M4、M26、M28、M22。匍匐茎恢复实验结果表明:诱变后代M1、M22、M26、M31、M25在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫后的恢复生长率都高于亲本,恢复能力均优于亲本;M10、M37、M28在-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长能力低于亲本,抗寒性相对较弱,M16和M4在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长率都低于亲本,抗寒性明显弱于亲本。综合2种方法鉴定结果显示:诱变后代M1、M25的恢复能力较强;M4、M28的叶片抗寒性较好,青绿期较长;M22、M18、M26的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较强;M29,M31的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力与亲本相似;M10、M16、M37的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较弱,整体抗寒性较弱。     

福建省茶产业发展实证分析

福建产茶源于汉、兴于唐,而盛于宋。新石器时代,福建宁德就有彩釉陶茶具。有文字记载最早见诸于南安市丰州古镇的莲花镇石上的摩崖石刻“莲花茶襟太元丙子”（376）,这比世界最早的茶书陆羽《茶经》（780）间世要早404年。陆羽《茶经》记载：“福州、建州（今建瓯）所产之茶,往往得之,其味极佳。”宋代以北苑贡茶和斗茶活动闻名于世。