大豆行间覆膜栽培技术增产因素分析

行间覆膜栽培技术对大豆增产效果明显，本文通过试验研究分析了大豆行间覆膜栽培技术增产因素。通过对大豆行间覆膜栽培技术耕层土壤温度、土壤含水量、大豆根系以及大豆植株高度的调查，表明大豆行间覆膜以后，地温升高、土壤含水量增加、大豆植株根瘤数增加、大豆植株的生物量增加，从而促进了大豆产量的增加。     

发展大豆生产提高大豆自给率：浙江省大豆生产现状及发展展望

发展大豆生产提高大豆自给率──浙江省大豆生产现状及发展展望浙江省农业厅农作局严兆南一、浙江省大豆生产现状大豆是我省重要的旱粮作物之一。因品种类型和播种时期的不同，在耕作制中有春大豆、夏大豆、秋大豆三种类型。浙江省种植大豆历史悠久，品种资源十分丰富，有...     

大豆抗病、虫转基因研究进展

大豆病、虫害不但造成大豆减产,而且严重影响大豆的品质,随着基因工程研究的深入,利用转基因技术来改良品种的抗性已在许多作物上得到应用.该文对大豆花叶病毒病、大豆霜霉病、大豆蚜虫、大豆根腐病、大豆胞囊线虫和大豆食心虫抗性转基因方面的研究进行了综述,并比较和讨论了各种基因的应用效果及目前抗病、虫转基因研究中存在的问题,对抗病...     

日本的大豆生产历史和现状概况

根据在日本合作研究期间收集的有关日本大豆生产、研究资料整理而成,从日本近百年来的大豆生产情况、日本食用大豆的利用情况、日本大豆的进口情况、日本大豆的主要生产地区、日本的大豆新品种选育及配套栽培技术的研究、日本国产大豆需求趋势等方面分析了日本的大豆生产历史和现状.     

吉林省农业科学院大豆研究中心

吉林省农业科学院大豆研究中心是“大豆国家工程研究中心”、“国家大豆工程技术研究中心吉林分中心”、“国家大豆改良中心吉林分中心”的技术依托单位，设有杂交大豆、大豆育种 、种质资源、大豆栽培等7个研究室，高级研究人员17人。     

浅谈黑龙江省大豆高产栽培模式

介绍黑龙江省五大类大豆高产栽培模式,大豆垄三栽培模式、大豆窄行密植栽培模式、大豆覆膜栽培模式、大豆垄系栽培高产配套模式和常规大豆栽培模式.分析各类栽培模式特点及技术增产关键,对提高大豆单产、降低成本、提高品质、推进黑龙江省大豆产业进程具有重要意义.     

不同大豆加工制品中主要抗营养因子免疫及抑制活性的比较

大豆经适当加工可减少或去除其中的抗营养因子,因而大豆制品所含的抗营养因子成分不同.通过竞争ELISA法和胰蛋白酶抑制法检测豆粕、膨化大豆、脱壳豆粕、大豆分离蛋白、大豆浓缩蛋白、全脂豆粉、脱脂豆粉和热处理大豆粉大豆加工制品中胰蛋白酶抑制因子、大豆凝集素、大豆球蛋白及β-伴大豆球蛋白的活性,并进行SDS-PAGE分析,进而比较其主要抗营养因子灭活的程度.结果表明,在现取样的10种大豆加工制品中,膨化处理除去了绝大多数的主要抗营养因子,是一种较理想的加工工艺;去皮豆粕中胰蛋白酶抑制因子和大豆凝集素几乎被灭活,但仍存在一定量的大豆球蛋白及β-伴大豆球蛋白.此项工作为评价大豆加工工艺提供理论基础.     

大豆抗旱性研究进展

大豆是人类优质蛋白质和食用油脂的重要来源。大豆生长期需水量多,是对缺水最敏感的豆类作物。干旱严重影响大豆产量和品质。抗旱大豆品种在干旱和半干旱地区的大豆生产中起着重要的作用。从干旱对大豆的影响机理、大豆抗旱机制、常用的抗旱性研究方法以及大豆抗旱性评价方法4个方面概述了大豆抗旱性的研究进展。     

2010年浙江省大豆生产调研报告

1概况1.1近三年大豆生产概况近三年,浙江省大豆呈比较稳定的发展态势,随着菜用大豆的迅速发展,全省大豆种植面积超越番薯、大麦、小麦,为全省第二大粮食作物。浙江省大豆以春、夏、秋大豆并存,以春大豆为主,约占总面积的70%。春大豆又以菜用为主,夏秋大豆以收干籽为主。2007年、2008年和2009年全省大豆播种面积分别为13.15、13.36和13.63万公顷(197.3、200.4和204.4万亩)。     

大豆中后期田间管理技术

在分析了今年上半年黑龙江省的气候对大豆播种、出苗和生长影响的基础上，提出了加强中后期大豆田间管理技术，即防治大豆灰斑病、大豆菌核病、大豆疫霉根腐病、大豆蚜虫、红蜘蛛和叶面喷肥，拔除田间大草等技术。     

湖南沅陵4种绿茶品质成分分析

以长沙县高桥相同嫩度茶鲜叶原料采用卷曲形毛尖茶加工工艺制绿茶为对照,分别对沅陵县齐眉翠峰、凤娇碣滩茶、干发茶和军大坪茶4种绿茶的主要生化成分与感官品质进行初步分析。结果表明,沅陵4种绿茶的茶多酚总量28.76%~30.34%,游离氨基酸总量2.35%~3.22%,咖啡碱含量3.00%~3.63%,水浸出物含量37.26%~40.07%,可溶性糖总量5.46%~5.65%,可溶性蛋白含量1.50%~1.74%,类黄酮化合物总量1.16%~1.79%,叶绿素总量1.36%~2.01%,儿茶素总量13.53%~16.20%。与对照相比,4种绿茶的茶多酚、可溶性糖和儿茶素总量均高于对照,除齐眉翠峰外其余3种茶样水浸出物和叶绿素总量均高于对照,除干发茶外其余3种茶样类黄酮化合物总量均高于对照。     

Comparisons of methods of scheduling irrigations of potatoes

Irrigation of Netted Gem potatoes was scheduled during three growing seasons by three methods: (a) when plants displayed first visual symptoms of moisture stress, (b) when indicated by a soil moisture budget involving estimated evapotranspiration, and (c) on the basis of tensiometer readings of soil moisture suction. When the tensiometer method of scheduling was used, the mean yields of tubers were 55.0 and 25.8 cwt/acre (6160 and 2890 kg/ha) higher than those obtained with the other two scheduling methods. Methods did not affect the specific gravity of potatoes. Method (a) scheduled irrigations least frequently. Scheduling by the budget method was not always adequate because it was based on the assumption that the crop extracted water from a constant 4 ft (1.2 m) profile from planting to full vegetative growth. In one year the budget method scheduled the first irrigation earlier than necessary and delayed the second irrigation during a critical period of crop growth. From full vegetative cover to harvest the irrigation schedules were alike for both the budget and tensiometer methods.     

Analysis of nutritional components of eight famine foods of the Republic of Niger

In the western Sahel, indigenous plants become important staples when cereal harvests are inadequate to support populations inhabiting that region of Africa. The purpose of this study was to assess the nutrient content of several of these edible wild plants. The leaves of the following seven plant foods were analyzed: Ziziphus mauritiana, Cerathotheca sesamoides, Moringa oleifera, Leptadenia hastata, Hibiscus sabdarifa, Amaranthus viridi, and Adansonia digitata. The fatty acid, vitamin E, carotenoid, selected mineral and amino acid contents of these plant foods were determined. These same analyses were performed on the fruit of the Adansonia digitata. In quantitative and qualitative terms, Amaranthus viridis was found to be an excellent source of protein. Its amino acid composition compared favorably to that of a World Health Organization (WHO) protein standard. It also contained considerable amounts of the two fatty acids that are essential in humans (linoleic and -linolenic) and a number of minerals including iron, magnesium, calcium and zinc. The leaves of Hibiscus sabdarifa contained an appreciable quantity of protein the composition of which was comparable to the WHO standard. The mineral content of the leaves of this plant was also exceptionally high; noteworthy was its high zinc content. H. sabdarifa also contained significant quantities of the two essential fatty acids. Ziziphus mauritiana was an excellent source of the essential fatty acid linoleic acid and several of the metals including iron, calcium, magnesium and zinc. Its content of other essential nutrients, however, was rather low. In general, Adansonia digitata leaves were nutritionally superior to the fruit of the tree; however, the fruit did contain useful quantities of potassium, phosphorus, zinc and -linolenic acid. The Leptadenia hastata leaves were an especially good source of lutein and -carotene. These data should be useful to the people who inhabit the western Sahel in helping them devise healthy diets during times when cereal staples are in short supply.     

狗牙根诱变后代抗寒性评价

通过电解质外渗法和匍匐茎恢复试验对‘阳江’狗牙根及其12个通过形态鉴定选出的坪用价值高且花序密度低的诱变后代进行抗寒性鉴定。电解质外渗法结果表明:诱变后代间的抗寒性具有较大差异,其叶片半致死温度(LT₅₀)的变异范围为-7.6～-0.2℃(最低值与最大值相差7.4℃);参试材料抗寒性由强到弱依次为M18>M4>M26>M28> M22>阳江>M29>M31>M10>M37>M16>M1>M25,其中,有5个诱变后代抗寒性优于亲本,分别是M18、M4、M26、M28、M22。匍匐茎恢复实验结果表明:诱变后代M1、M22、M26、M31、M25在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫后的恢复生长率都高于亲本,恢复能力均优于亲本;M10、M37、M28在-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长能力低于亲本,抗寒性相对较弱,M16和M4在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长率都低于亲本,抗寒性明显弱于亲本。综合2种方法鉴定结果显示:诱变后代M1、M25的恢复能力较强;M4、M28的叶片抗寒性较好,青绿期较长;M22、M18、M26的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较强;M29,M31的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力与亲本相似;M10、M16、M37的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较弱,整体抗寒性较弱。     

吉林省平安农业科学院大豆所大豆研究工作报告

1　吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究工作简介吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究所 ,设在吉林省长春市西安大路种子大厦内。现有科技人员 6人 ,其中研究员 2人 ,农艺师 2人 ,技术员 2人 ,定向培养研究生 2人。大豆研究所的主要任务是选育稳产、高产、优质及抗病虫大豆新品种 ;同时密切     

巴西橡胶树MADS-box基因家族6个成员的染色体物理定位

MADS-box基因家族广泛分布于真核生物中,巴西橡胶树的MADS-box基因家族主要参与花形态建成,对生殖生长起到重要的调节作用。目前,MADS-box基因家族的26个相关基因已被克隆分析,但它们在染色体上的具体位置还未确定。本研究以巴西橡胶树‘热研7-33-97’品种为材料,将MADS-box基因家族的6个成员（HbAGL8、HbAG15、HbAGL30、HbTT16、HbAP1和HbSVP1）定位在细胞核染色体上,通过双探针荧光原位杂交技术（FISH）对巴西橡胶树MADS-box基因家族的这6个成员在细胞核染色体上进行物理定位分析。结果表明：MADS-box基因家族的6个基因分别位于不同的染色体上,其中HbAGL15、HbAG8、HbAG30和HbSVP1基因定位在第4、5、7和8号染色体长臂上,其信号位点到着丝粒的平均百分距离是11.85、39.71、48.94和6.70;HbTT16和HbAP1基因定位在第1和13号染色体短臂上,其信号位点到着丝粒的平均百分距离是22.19和18.01。本研究结果揭示了巴西橡胶树MADS-box基因家族的6个成员在细胞核染色体上的实际位置,展现家族基因之间的分布特点和连锁遗传关系,不仅丰富了橡胶树分子细胞遗传学信息,也为橡胶树的分子辅助育种和比较基因组学研究提供了分子细胞遗传学的科学理论依据。     

Comparison of two methods of PCNB application for control of Rhizoctonia infection of potatoes

A broadcast application of PCNB (Terraclor) resulted in a reasonably uniform distribution of the chemical in the soil with the concentration decreasing in a linear fashion with increasing depth in the soil profile. A banded application resuluted in a considerably higher chemical concentration at the 4–6 inch depth than at the 0–2 or the 2–4 inch depths. The problem of the lack of uniformity of chemical distribution could probably be solved by altering nozzle placement and size and allow use of the band method of application to minimize grower cost. More complete disking in the case of the broadcast treatment would probably result in a relatively uniform distribution of the chemical but at higher cost to the grower. PCNB application rates of 10, 15 and 25 lbs per acre broadcast and 71/2, 10 and 121/2 lbs per acre in a band significantly reduced the severity ofRhizoctonia infection of Russet Burbank potatoes but did not increase potato yields significantly.     

Prediction of the digestibility of the diet of horses: evaluation of faecal indices

Data from in vivo digestibility trial with four to six horses fed twenty-seven forage-based diets are used to calculate prediction equations for the digestibility of dry and organic matter, based on the crude ash (CA), crude protein (CP) and crude fibre (CF) contents of diets and faeces. The most precise prediction of dry-matter digestibility (r.s.d. = 0.032, R²= 0.80) was derived from a multiple regression including faecal (CP, CF) and dietary parameters (CF). Among faecal parameters, CP was the best single predictor of both digestibility (r.s.d) = 0.040, r²= 0.63) and dietary CP content (r.s.d = 0.028, r²= 0.59). For biological reasons we propose a non-linear model that allows prediction of dry- and organic-matter digestibility from faecal CP Content with reasonable Precision (r.s.d = 0.038, 0.036, r²= 0.65, 0.74, respectively). This will be adequate for many studies, especially for free-living animals in rangelands.     

橡胶树丛枝病病原的抗血清制备与应用

以感染橡胶树丛枝病病原的长春花为材料,制备得到橡胶丛枝病病原菌抽提液,以抽提液为抗原免疫家兔,制备抗血清,经微量沉淀测定,抗血清效价为１：２０４８。应用橡胶丛枝病抗血清检测橡胶褐皮病,无症苗木检出率达３０％－３７％,可疑的褐皮病树检出率达８５．７％。