8个新优良种引种及武平绿茶适制性评价

经引种及加工试验示范表明:梅占、茗科1号、福鼎大毫、乌牛早是适制武平绿茶优良品种,可作为今后武平绿茶的主推品种,以提高武平绿茶的品质与效益。     

武平炒青绿茶加工及其工艺改革

烘青、炒青是绿茶中两大类，两者各有特色及相应的市场。我县以生产炒青绿茶为主，加工工艺独特，品质优良。自年以来，武平炒绿1986多次获省名优茶奖，是省八大名茶之一，产品深受本县及客家籍地区消费者欢迎，但产品市场局限于炒青市场，很难打入烘青的市场；反之生产烘青的茶区，其产品市场也一样。如能找到两者兼顾，又能降低成本，提高茶价的办法，便能占领茶叶市场，获得更高的利润。多年来，我县桃溪镇几个茶厂试着把武平炒绿品质形成的部分工艺与烘青工艺相结合，经过多年实践，总结出一套半炒烘绿茶加工方法。生产的茶叶似烘青绿茶…     

海南薄纱绿茶加工过程中主要品质成分变化规律研究

薄纱绿茶是海南白沙县新打造的品牌绿茶,具有“香高味浓”的品质特征。文章研究薄纱绿茶成品茶的感官品质、理化成分和香气成分,全面解析海南薄纱绿茶的品质特点,并探究薄纱绿茶加工过程中主要品质成分的变化规律。结果表明,薄纱绿茶呈现出醇厚甘爽、清香、带板栗香的品质特征,具有海南绿茶典型地域特色;挥发性组分分析结果表明,4-萜品醇、芳樟醇、α-水芹烯、蒎烯、香叶醇等成分占比高,形成了其“清香、带板栗香”的品质特征。此外,除水浸出物外,茶多酚、游离氨基酸、咖啡碱及儿茶素等茶叶品质成分在加工后均略有下降,以上成分经复杂的生化反应后,生成了与茶叶汤色、香气及滋味相关的丰富物质,形成了薄纱绿茶的风味品质。     

武平绿茶名优品种引种与适制性试验小结

武平绿茶是福建省的绿茶类精品，主要分为梁野翠芽（扁形）、梁野炒绿（条形）、梁野雪螺（螺形）三大炒青绿茶系列。主栽品种长期以福云6号、福云7号为主，福云6号所制武平绿茶香清味淡不耐泡；福云7号所制干茶、汤色及叶底偏黄，花色品种有限，市场竞争力不强。为提高武平绿茶的名优茶比例和市场竞争力，2008年以来，相继引种了“茗科1号”、“丹桂”、“龙井43”、“乌牛早”、“黄观音”、“福鼎大毫”、“梅占”、“春兰”等茶树名优品种，分别种植在武东乡东兴村仙岩茶业公司茶场、桃溪镇新礤村义亨茶园、象洞乡京晨茶业公司茶场等地进行种性观察，翌年开始武平绿茶适制性加工试验，目前已获初步成效，现将有关情况小结如下。     

改善与提高夏暑绿茶品质的农艺措施研究进展

从农艺措施方面综合分析了当前提高夏暑绿茶品质的相关途径,并对夏暑绿茶品质的形成特征及研究现状做了综述。提高夏暑绿茶品质是一个系统工程,需要从多方面着手。本文旨在为今后提高夏暑绿茶品质的继续研究提供参考。     

开发武平炒绿茶的技术总结与经验

武平炒绿茶的创制开发与发展经二代茶叶科技工作者的十五年努力,实现了当时“为满足武平茶叶市场需求”的既定开发与发展目标,现已形成了规模、产生了效益,也有了一定的社会知名度,这种成绩是来之不易的,为了总结其开发与发展中成功经验,对面向21世纪的武平茶叶乃至在转型发展中的整个茶业生产,提供某种有积极意义的借鉴作用,现归纳几点以作交流。一、发展概况与现状804I5＋．一中期以来,武平县炒绿已有6年8破获省名犹荣称号,1991fI5ar＋．l为我省名茶之一,92年以来55次抽样送检,其农残指标大大低于国家卫生标准,备受业内人士…     

优质绿茶生产的理论与实践Ⅱ优质绿茶品种

通过对优质绿茶品质特征及适制品种演化分析,表明品种是决定优质绿茶香气和滋味等内质因子的基础。对适制优质绿茶品种形态学、生理、生化特性的分析,得出适制优质绿茶品种的共性,提出了优质绿茶选育品种的方向。     

武平绿茶优质高效栽培技术小结

为短期内快速扩大绿茶种植规模,推动福建省武平县茶业迅速发展,达到丰产优质高效,2009年以来,笔者在本县中山、桃溪、民主等地开展了高效茶园建设试验,初步取得一些成效,所产武平绿茶产品分别获得201 1年福建"省名茶"、"省优质茶"和2012年"中绿杯"中国名优绿茶评比"金奖".主要做法小结如下.     

绿茶质变影响因素及保鲜技术研究进展

本文在阅有关绿茶保鲜文献的基础上,总结引起绿茶品质变化的因素及目前采用的绿茶保鲜方法,为研究绿茶保鲜技术提供一定的理论基础。与绿茶品质变化有关的因素主要为温度、水分、光照、氧气等,各个因素相互作用,共同影响绿茶品质变化。绿茶保鲜技术主要有物理保鲜、化学保鲜等,通过各种保鲜技术相结合的手段,减缓由以上四因素引起的绿茶品质劣变。     

英红九号加工炒青绿茶关键技术探讨

根据英红九号茶树品种特性及客家炒青绿茶的品质特征,探讨加工英红九号炒青绿茶的鲜叶采摘、萎凋、杀青、干燥等关键技术,为进一步开发英红九号优质品种的利用,丰富炒青绿茶的品类提供参考。     

豫北优质大豆产业发展策略

针对豫北地区的大豆生产现状，从气候、土壤、品种、生态因素及市场需求等方面提出了优质大豆的发展策略与途径。     

Comparisons of methods of scheduling irrigations of potatoes

Irrigation of Netted Gem potatoes was scheduled during three growing seasons by three methods: (a) when plants displayed first visual symptoms of moisture stress, (b) when indicated by a soil moisture budget involving estimated evapotranspiration, and (c) on the basis of tensiometer readings of soil moisture suction. When the tensiometer method of scheduling was used, the mean yields of tubers were 55.0 and 25.8 cwt/acre (6160 and 2890 kg/ha) higher than those obtained with the other two scheduling methods. Methods did not affect the specific gravity of potatoes. Method (a) scheduled irrigations least frequently. Scheduling by the budget method was not always adequate because it was based on the assumption that the crop extracted water from a constant 4 ft (1.2 m) profile from planting to full vegetative growth. In one year the budget method scheduled the first irrigation earlier than necessary and delayed the second irrigation during a critical period of crop growth. From full vegetative cover to harvest the irrigation schedules were alike for both the budget and tensiometer methods.     

湖南沅陵4种绿茶品质成分分析

以长沙县高桥相同嫩度茶鲜叶原料采用卷曲形毛尖茶加工工艺制绿茶为对照,分别对沅陵县齐眉翠峰、凤娇碣滩茶、干发茶和军大坪茶4种绿茶的主要生化成分与感官品质进行初步分析。结果表明,沅陵4种绿茶的茶多酚总量28.76%~30.34%,游离氨基酸总量2.35%~3.22%,咖啡碱含量3.00%~3.63%,水浸出物含量37.26%~40.07%,可溶性糖总量5.46%~5.65%,可溶性蛋白含量1.50%~1.74%,类黄酮化合物总量1.16%~1.79%,叶绿素总量1.36%~2.01%,儿茶素总量13.53%~16.20%。与对照相比,4种绿茶的茶多酚、可溶性糖和儿茶素总量均高于对照,除齐眉翠峰外其余3种茶样水浸出物和叶绿素总量均高于对照,除干发茶外其余3种茶样类黄酮化合物总量均高于对照。     

吉林省平安农业科学院大豆所大豆研究工作报告

1　吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究工作简介吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究所 ,设在吉林省长春市西安大路种子大厦内。现有科技人员 6人 ,其中研究员 2人 ,农艺师 2人 ,技术员 2人 ,定向培养研究生 2人。大豆研究所的主要任务是选育稳产、高产、优质及抗病虫大豆新品种 ;同时密切     

Analysis of nutritional components of eight famine foods of the Republic of Niger

In the western Sahel, indigenous plants become important staples when cereal harvests are inadequate to support populations inhabiting that region of Africa. The purpose of this study was to assess the nutrient content of several of these edible wild plants. The leaves of the following seven plant foods were analyzed: Ziziphus mauritiana, Cerathotheca sesamoides, Moringa oleifera, Leptadenia hastata, Hibiscus sabdarifa, Amaranthus viridi, and Adansonia digitata. The fatty acid, vitamin E, carotenoid, selected mineral and amino acid contents of these plant foods were determined. These same analyses were performed on the fruit of the Adansonia digitata. In quantitative and qualitative terms, Amaranthus viridis was found to be an excellent source of protein. Its amino acid composition compared favorably to that of a World Health Organization (WHO) protein standard. It also contained considerable amounts of the two fatty acids that are essential in humans (linoleic and -linolenic) and a number of minerals including iron, magnesium, calcium and zinc. The leaves of Hibiscus sabdarifa contained an appreciable quantity of protein the composition of which was comparable to the WHO standard. The mineral content of the leaves of this plant was also exceptionally high; noteworthy was its high zinc content. H. sabdarifa also contained significant quantities of the two essential fatty acids. Ziziphus mauritiana was an excellent source of the essential fatty acid linoleic acid and several of the metals including iron, calcium, magnesium and zinc. Its content of other essential nutrients, however, was rather low. In general, Adansonia digitata leaves were nutritionally superior to the fruit of the tree; however, the fruit did contain useful quantities of potassium, phosphorus, zinc and -linolenic acid. The Leptadenia hastata leaves were an especially good source of lutein and -carotene. These data should be useful to the people who inhabit the western Sahel in helping them devise healthy diets during times when cereal staples are in short supply.     

防治水稻潜叶蝇的药剂筛选

通过对防治水稻潜叶蝇不同药剂、不同用量的田间对比试验,结果表明,32 g/kg的35%丁硫克百威拌种预防潜叶蝇效果最好,药效可达55 d以上,适宜在生产上推广应用。     

狗牙根诱变后代抗寒性评价

通过电解质外渗法和匍匐茎恢复试验对‘阳江’狗牙根及其12个通过形态鉴定选出的坪用价值高且花序密度低的诱变后代进行抗寒性鉴定。电解质外渗法结果表明:诱变后代间的抗寒性具有较大差异,其叶片半致死温度(LT₅₀)的变异范围为-7.6～-0.2℃(最低值与最大值相差7.4℃);参试材料抗寒性由强到弱依次为M18>M4>M26>M28> M22>阳江>M29>M31>M10>M37>M16>M1>M25,其中,有5个诱变后代抗寒性优于亲本,分别是M18、M4、M26、M28、M22。匍匐茎恢复实验结果表明:诱变后代M1、M22、M26、M31、M25在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫后的恢复生长率都高于亲本,恢复能力均优于亲本;M10、M37、M28在-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长能力低于亲本,抗寒性相对较弱,M16和M4在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长率都低于亲本,抗寒性明显弱于亲本。综合2种方法鉴定结果显示:诱变后代M1、M25的恢复能力较强;M4、M28的叶片抗寒性较好,青绿期较长;M22、M18、M26的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较强;M29,M31的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力与亲本相似;M10、M16、M37的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较弱,整体抗寒性较弱。     

芦笋枯萎病病原鉴定

对造成福建省漳州市东山县的芦笋枯萎病病原菌进行分子鉴定,以期确定病原菌的属、种名,为防治该病害寻求理论依据。试验对分离纯化的病原菌核糖体DNA的ITS区进行测序,在Genbank中搜索其同源性并构建它们的系统发育树,结果表明：引起芦笋枯萎病的病原菌是镰刀属中的尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum),且病原菌之间的同源性高达89%,遗传差异不显著。