高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒双重液相基因芯片检测方法的建立

为了实现快速检测猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)并同步鉴别高致病性PRRSV毒株(HPPRRSV),根据PRRSV囊膜蛋白GP2基因保守序列和HP-PRRSV特有的Nsp2基因区保守序列设计特异扩增引物和杂交探针,通过双重一步法RT-PCR不对称扩增和双重微球杂交反应,建立了双重液相基因芯片方法。对12株PRRSV以及其他12种猪病原体的检测显示,该法能特异性检测12株PRRSV毒株并准确鉴别其中7株HP-PRRSV,与其他病原体无交叉反应;对PRRSV、HP-PRRSV病毒液的检测低限均小于每个反应0.5TCID_(50);其组内、组间检测变异系数均10%;检测55份疑似临床样品并与商品化荧光RTPCR试剂盒比较检测结果,符合率达98.2%(54/55)。研究结果为适应临床快速检测PRRSV提供了一种新的分子生物学检测方法。     

PRRSV美洲型经典株、变异株和疫苗株多重RT-PCR鉴别检测方法的建立及应用

为建立猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus,PRRSV）的快速鉴别检测方法,本研究针对PRRSV美洲型经典株、高致病性变异株以及TJM-F92疫苗株的Nsp2基因序列特点,设计2对特异性引物。经优化反应条件后,建立了能同时检测并区分PRRSV美洲型经典株、变异株及疫苗株的多重RT-PCR方法。该方法特异性强,与猪其他病毒间不存在交叉反应;敏感性高,对重组质粒标准品的检出下限为1.13×10³拷贝/μL。应用所建立的方法对349份临床疑似病料进行检测,结果检出PRRSV阳性119份,其中美洲型经典株5份、变异株107份、TJM-F92疫苗株7份,且有变异株和TJM-F92疫苗株混合阳性7份。表明本研究成功建立了PRRSV美洲型经典株、变异株及TJM-F92疫苗株的多重RT-PCR鉴别检测方法,可用于PRRSV的临床检测及流行病学调查。     

Establishment and Application of a Multiplex RT-PCR Assay for Differential Detection of Classical,Highly Pathogenic and Vaccine Strains of North American Genotype PRRSV

To establish a rapid method for differential detection of classical, highly pathogenic and TJM-F92 vaccine strains of North American genotype porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), a multiple RT-PCR assay was established. In this assay, two pairs of primers were designed according to the genomic sequences of classical, highly pathogenic and TJM-F92 vaccine strains of PRRSV. The assay could only detect PRRSV, but not detect CSFV, FMDV, PRV and PCV2. The detection limit of the method was as little as 1.13×10³ copies/μL of templates. The established assay was successfully used to detect 349 clinical samples and 119 samples were positive for PRRSV, of which 5 samples were positive for classical PRRSV (C-PRRSV), 107 samples for highly pathogenic PRRSV (HP-PRRSV) and 7 samples for TJM-F92 vaccine strain (V-PRRSV), while 7 samples were positive for HP-PRRSV and V-PRRSV. The results indicated that the established multiple RT-PCR assay could be used for differential detection and epidemiological investigation of PRRSV.     

Establishment of a Duplex Real-time RT-PCR Assay for the Differential Detection of Nipha Virus and Highly Pathogenic Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus

To establish a rapid,sensitive and specific assay for the differential detection of Nipah virus (NiV) and highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (HP-PRRSV),a duplex Real-time RT-PCR was developed with specific primers and probes targeting to the special sequences of NiV M gene and HP-PRRSV nsp2 gene by optimization of reaction conditions.The performance of the assay was linear ranging from 4.6×10¹ to 4.6×10⁷ copies/μL for RNA standard control of NiV M (NiV-M-RNA) and from 4.1×10¹ to 4.1×10⁸ copies/μL for RNA standard control of HP-PRRSV nsp2 (HP-PRRSV-nsp2-RNA),and detection limits of the assay was 46 copies for the NiV-M-RNA and 4.1 copies for the HP-PRRSV-nsp2-RNA,respectively.The coefficients of variation (CVs) of both inter-assay and intra-assay repeatability were less than 2.0%,showing good repeatability.The assay was able to specifically detect NiV and HP-PRRSV simultaneously without cross-reaction with classical swine fever virus (CSFV),porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV),swine influenza virus (SIV),porcine parvovirus (PPV),pseudorabies virus (PRV) and porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2).Of the 236 samples from pigs for both NiV and HP-PRRSV detection by the established assay,all the samples were negative for NiV,8 samples were HP-PRRSV positive.In conclusion,this assay offers a useful approach for the differential detection of NiV and HP-PRRSV in clinical specimens from the pigs.     

一种鉴别尼帕病毒和高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒二重荧光RT-PCR检测方法的建立

为建立一种快速、敏感和特异地鉴别尼帕病毒(NiV)和高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(HP-PRRSV)的检测方法,本试验以NiV M基因和HP-PRRSV nsp2基因为靶序列,通过优化反应条件建立了一种二重荧光RT-PCR检测方法,并对该方法的特异性、定量线性范围、敏感性和重复性进行了评价及初步应用.结果显示,用该方法检测NiV M基因和HP-PRRSV nsp2基因的RNA标准对照(NiV-M-RNA和HP-PRRSV-nsp2-RNA),线性范围分别为4.6×10¹~4.6×10⁷和4.1×10¹~4.1×10⁸拷贝/μL;最低检出限分别为46和4.1拷贝;该方法组内试验和组间试验的变异系数均小于2.0%,显示出良好的可重复性;该方法仅对NiV和HP-PRRSV呈现特异性扩增曲线,不与猪瘟病毒(CSFV)、猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)、猪流感病毒(SIV)、猪细小病毒(PPV)、猪伪狂犬病病毒(PRV)和猪圆环病毒2型(PCV2)发生交叉反应.用该方法对236份猪实际样品进行NiV和HP-PRRSV核酸检测,所有样本的NiV检测结果均为阴性,8份样本的HP-PRRSV检测结果为阳性.本研究建立的方法为猪实际样本中NiV和HP-PRRSV的鉴别检测提供了一种快速、敏感和特异的技术手段.     

高致病性与低致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒二重RT-PCR检测方法的建立及应用

为建立高致病性与低致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(HP/LP-PRRSV)快速鉴别诊断方法,本研究根据GenBank已登录的HP-PRRSV与LP-PRRSV的Nsp2基因序列,分别设计了特异性的上游引物(HP-Upper-p1/LP-Upper-p2) 和共用下游引物(Co-Lower-p3)。以HP-PRRSV和LP-PRRSV混合物总RNA为反转录模板,建立了HP-PRRSV和LP-PRRSV的二重RT-PCR检测方法;并进行了特异性、敏感性和重复性试验;利用所建立的检测方法对临床疑似样品进行了检测。结果显示,本试验成功建立了HP-PRRSV和LP-PRRSV二重RT-PCR检测方法,该方法灵敏度高,最低检出限均为100拷贝/μL;重复性好,特异性强,可特异性地扩增HP-PRRSV细胞培养物和LP-PRRSV疫苗毒,但对Marc-145细胞和其他8种病原对照扩增不出任何条带;自25份临床疑似PRRSV感染病料中共检测出了21份PRRSV阳性样品,其中HP-PRRSV阳性样品共计20份,LP-PRRSV阳性样品4份。结果表明,本研究成功建立了HP-PRRSV和LP-PRRSV二重RT-PCR检测方法,可适用于高致病性与低致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征的快速鉴别诊断。     

猪瘟病毒和不同型猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒的多重RT-PCR检测方法的建立

为建立能同时检测猪瘟病毒(CSFV)和猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)的方法,针对CSFV和PRRSV的基因序列设计3对特异性引物,第1对引物扩增CSFV毒株NS2基因508bp片段,第2对引物扩增PRRSV美洲型经典毒株和变异毒株Nsp2基因338bp/248bp片段,第3对引物扩增PRRSV欧洲型毒株ORF5基因614bp片段。经过反应条件的优化,建立了能同时检测并区分CSFV毒株和PRRSV美洲型经典毒株、变异毒株及欧洲型毒株的多重RT-PCR方法。该方法可以特异扩增CSFV和PRRSV,而与猪口蹄疫病毒(FMDV)、猪伪狂犬病病毒(PRV)、猪细小病毒(PPV)、猪圆环病毒2型(PCV-2)均无交叉反应;对CSFV和PRRSV 4种重组质粒标准品的检出下限均为1.67×103拷贝/μL。对采集的106份临床疑似病料进行检测,结果CSFV和PRRSV变异株混合阳性4份,占3.77%(4/106);CSFV阳性7份,占6.60%(7/106);PRRSV变异株阳性17份,占16.04%(17/106)。结果表明,建立的多重RT-PCR检测方法可以用于CSFV和PRRSV的临床快速鉴别诊断和流行病学调查。     

高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒实时荧光定量PCR检测方法的建立

根据GenBank公布的24株高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒毒株和5株PRRSV经典毒株的保守区基因序列,使用PrimerExpress 3.0软件设计并合成实时荧光定量PCR（Real-timeFluorescent Quantitative PCR,Real-time FQ-PCR）用引物和探针,建立了Real-time FQ-PCR检测方法以鉴别检测高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒。用建立的检测方法对已定量的10倍倍比稀释的质粒pGET-258为标准品进行检测,并与常规PCR进行比较。结果显示,该Real-time FQ-PCR方法敏感度可达1.5个拷贝,比常规PCR敏感度高100倍,且批内和批间重复性检测结果的变异系数均小于2%。用该方法与常规PCR方法及病毒分离方法对18份临床样品进行对比检测,显示该方法灵敏度高、成本低,并且能够对样品中病毒进行定量,为高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征的快速鉴别诊断提供了有效的技术手段。     

快速检测A型流感病毒的Taq Man实时荧光定量RT-PCR方法的建立

根据A型流感病毒基质蛋白（matrix protein,M）基因保守序列设计并合成特异性引物和TaqMan BHQ探针,建立快速检测A型流感病毒的实时荧光定量RT-PCR方法。通过RT-PCR方法克隆A型流感病毒M基因靶序列并将其连入pMD-18T载体,制备阳性标准品,优化反应条件,以10倍系列稀释的标准品绘制标准曲线,其相关系数为0.998。检测结果显示,该方法的灵敏度可达10 copies/μL或1 EID50病毒且特异性良好,除A型流感病毒外,对猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒、猪瘟病毒、猪圆环病毒2型、猪输血传播病毒检测结果均为阴性。该方法重复性好,批内和批间变异系数均小于3%。对40份实验感染样品的检测结果表明,该方法与病毒分离结果一致,比常规RT-PCR检测方法灵敏度更高,特异性更强。     

逆转录过程对猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒定量检测的影响

为探讨逆转录过程对猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)定量检测的影响,本研究针对PRRSV保守性序列设计引物,优化反应体系及反应条件,建立准确检测PRRSV的数字PCR方法,并选择5种不同逆转录试剂盒,分析逆转录过程对数字PCR检测结果的影响。结果表明,建立的数字PCR方法线性关系良好(R^2为0.9995及0.9999),重复性良好(变异系数1.01%);利用不同逆转录试剂盒得到的定量结果存在显著性差异,揭示逆转录过程是影响RNA病毒定量检测的关键因素,提示实验过程中不同逆转录试剂盒的选用需要考察与分析。     

Highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus GP5 B antigenic region is not a neutralizing antigenic region

In 2006, highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (HP-PRRSV) caused great economic losses emerged in China and continues to be a threat for the pig industry. B antigenic region (AR) ((37)SHL/FQLIYNL(45)) of GP5 was considered to be a major linear neutralizing AR in PRRSV classical strains. However, peptide-purified antibodies against this AR did not neutralize PRRSV in a recent report. Compared with classical PRRSV, one amino acid mutation (L/F(39)→I(39)) was found in B AR of HP-PRRSV. To study the ability of B AR of HP-PRRSV to induce neutralizing antibody (NA) in vitro and in vivo, rabbit antisera against B AR with and without the mutation and pig hyperimmune sera with high titer of NAs against HP-PRRSV were prepared. Immunofluorescence assays (IFA) showed that the two rabbit antisera both had reactivity to classical PRRSV CH-1a and HP-PRRSV HuN4 with no observable difference in IFA titer. However, antisera did not have neutralizing activity against classical PRRSV CH-1a and HP-PRRSV HuN4. No correlation was observed between the levels of anti-B AR peptide antibodies and NAs in pig hyperimmune sera that were detected by indirect ELISA and virus neutralization, respectively. B AR peptide-specific serum antibodies had no neutralizing activity and, GST-B fusion protein could not inhibit neutralization of NAs in pig hyperimmune sera. Based on these findings, we conclude that B AR of HP-PRRSV is not a neutralizing AR of HP-PRRSV GP5.     

Rapid detection of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viral nucleic acid in blood using a fluorimeter based PCR method

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is an Arterivirus recognised world wide as an important cause of reproductive failure and pneumonia in pigs. American and European strains of PRRSV, differentiated antigenically and genomically, have been reported. PRRSV infections are currently diagnosed using serology, virus isolation and/or immunocytochemistry. In order to overcome various drawbacks associated with these techniques, conventional, block-based RT-PCR methods for the detection of PRRSV nucleic acid in clinical samples have been described. These methods require gel electrophoresis for analysis of PCR products and present high risk of DNA carry-over contamination between the samples tested. We describe the detection of PRRSV RNA in serum samples and in blood impregnated filter disks (FDs), obtained from experimentally inoculated pigs, using a closed-tube, fluorimeter-based PCR assay. The assay eliminates the use of gel electrophoresis, and is as sensitive and specific as the conventional block-based PCR assay, detecting positive samples as early as 1 day post-inoculation. We also report a rapid fluorimeter based PCR method for differentiating American and European strains of PRRSV.     

2012―2013年猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒河南流行株的分离鉴定及分子流行病学调查

为了解河南地区猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus,PRRSV）流行毒株的遗传变异情况和发展趋势。通过RT-PCR方法,对2012―2013年采自河南省各地疑似病料进行PRRSV检测,并对阳性病料进行病毒分离鉴定及分子流行病学分析。结果显示：54份疑似病料中17份检测为阳性,阳性率为31.5%,并分离出3株PRRSV;通过完整的ORF5基因和部分NSP2基因序列遗传进化分析表明,河南地区流行毒株主要为美洲型PRRSV,且17份阳性样品中10份与高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（HP-PRRSV）高度同源、2份与经典PRRSV高度同源、另外5份与美洲流行毒株NADC30高度同源,该类毒株的NSP2基因在不同部位存在393个核苷酸缺失,国内尚未见相关报道。结果表明,2012―2013年河南地区PRRSV主要流行毒株为HP-PRRSV,同时出现了新的变异毒株,使河南地区乃至我国PRRSV变异种类更加多样化,提示加强PRRSV流行及变异的监测十分必要。     

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒RT-LAMP快速检测方法的建立

为建立一种快速、灵敏、简便的猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（PRRSV）早期检测方法,本研究利用逆转录环介导恒温扩增技术（RT-LAMP）,针对PRRSV的ORF5基因片段设计了4条引物,利用Bst DNA聚合酶在65 ℃恒温条件下进行逆转录扩增,通过1.0%琼脂糖凝胶电泳和加入SYBR Green Ⅰ染料肉眼判断结果,建立了PRRSV RT-LAMP检测方法。结果表明,该检测方法具有良好的特异性,与其他常见病毒如猪瘟病毒、猪圆环病毒2型、猪细小病毒、猪伪狂犬病病毒等无交叉反应,较普通RT-PCR灵敏性高100倍。采用RT-LAMP和RT-PCR分别对10份临床样本同时进行检测,符合率为100%。因此,本研究建立的RT-LAMP是一种可适用于临床PRRSV检测的快速、简单、灵敏、特异的检测方法。