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牛传染性鼻气管炎(infectious bovine rhinotracheitis,IBR)是由牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒(infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus,IBRV)即牛疱疹病毒1型(BoHV-1)感染所引起的一种高度接触性传染病。该病给我国养牛业带来了巨大的经济损失。由于缺乏有效的治疗性药物,疫苗免疫仍然是防控该病的有效措施。当前,牛传染性鼻气管炎疫苗主要包括灭活疫苗、弱毒疫苗2种常规疫苗和亚单位疫苗、DNA疫苗、IBRV基因缺失疫苗、病毒活载体疫苗4种基因工程疫苗,各种疫苗各有优点。现对上述疫苗的最新研究进展进行综述,以期为IBRV疫苗的研究与开发提供参考。 相似文献
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牛传染性鼻气管炎诊断方法研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
牛传染性鼻气管炎(IBR)是由牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒(IBRV),即牛疱疹病毒1型(BoHV-1)所引起的以上呼吸道炎症为主的一种牛的急性、热性、接触性传染病,呈世界性流行。IBR的早期准确诊断,对该病的防控具有不可忽视的作用。目前,IBR的诊断方法主要包括病原学诊断和血清学诊断方法。病原学诊断具有特异和敏感及准确等特点,而血清学诊断具有敏感、快速、方便和价廉等特点。为了实施IBR的净化和根除计划,部分国家和地区已逐渐采用IBR基因缺失疫苗,配套使用鉴别诊断方法来鉴别IBR疫苗免疫和自然感染。论文就牛传染性鼻气管炎常用诊断方法的研究进展进行综述,以期为IBR的诊断和防控提供参考。 相似文献
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为了调查新疆地区某规模化奶牛场牛传染性鼻气管炎(IBR)发病情况,通过采集不同生长阶段牛群血清共计362 份,使用牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒gB(IBR-gB)抗体检测试剂盒检测牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒(IBRV)抗体效价,评估该奶牛场IBRV疫苗免疫效果。结果显示,后备牛中犊牛和青年牛IBRV抗体阳性率分别为88.57%(31/35)、75.00%(21/28);成年母牛中泌乳期母牛、干奶期母牛IBRV抗体阳性率分别为81.46%(145/178)、95.04%(115/121)。阴性数共44 份,可疑数8 份,IBRV抗体平均阳性率为88.38%;结果表明,疫苗接种后,不同生产阶段牛群均可产生不错的抗体保护效果,为奶牛场防控IBR提供依据。 相似文献
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牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒属于疱疹病毒I型,可导致牛发生高度接触性、病毒性传染病,病牛和带毒牛是主要传染源,感染牛出现结膜炎、脑炎和流产等临床症状,危害较大。牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒具有潜伏感染特征,可以潜伏在三叉神经节等部位,在机体抵抗力下降时就会发病,潜伏感染的牛可以长期带毒并不断向外界排毒。控制该病主要通过疫苗免疫,当前牛传染性鼻气管炎疫苗主要包括传统的灭活苗、弱毒苗以及基因工程疫苗,其中基因工程疫苗是一种新型疫苗,包括基因缺失疫苗、活载体疫苗、亚单位疫苗及DNA疫苗,各种疫苗各有优点。本文主要综述牛传染性鼻气管炎基因工程疫苗的最新研究进展,为该病的综合防控奠定基础,供参考。 相似文献
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由2例疑似牛传染性鼻气管炎(IBR)病例的荷斯坦奶牛分离到一株病毒,命名为IBRV—C1株。该病毒可被IBR标准阳性血清完全中和;接种MDBK细胞可出现IBR病毒典型细胞病变效应;选取IBR病毒gB蛋白基因序列设计引物进行PCR检测和基因测序,结果可扩增出特异性目的片段;动物回归试验显示,3头牛均可见体温升高、鼻流粘液、呼吸困难等典型的IBR临床症状。在此基础上制备了三批牛传染性鼻气管炎灭活疫苗,并进行了疫苗安全性和效力试验,结果表明三批疫苗对靶动物安全,免疫效果较好,免疫牛中和抗体效价几何平均值可达1:41以上,攻毒保护率达5/5。 相似文献
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牛疱疹病毒 型 (BHV- 1) ,又称传染性牛鼻气管炎病毒 (IBRV) ,主要引起牛的鼻气管炎、结膜炎和生殖器官感染 ,有时还引起流产、肠炎、脑炎和全身感染。 BHV- 1基因组编码约 70种蛋白 ,其中 11种为糖蛋白。由 g E基因编码的糖蛋白 g E并非病毒体外增殖所必需 ,但却是病毒在动物体内潜伏所必需的。目前在欧洲使用一种 IBRV g E缺失标记疫苗根除 IBR,但在美国仍未见此疫苗应用的报道。本研究报告的目的是获得了一株无毒的 g E缺失的IBRV株 ,该毒株含有 β-半乳糖苷酶 (β- gal)标志 ,我们删除了 IBRV Cooper株编码 g E基因的大部… 相似文献
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A Controlled Field Study Using Live Virus Vaccines and an Antiserum in a Preconditioning Program 下载免费PDF全文
Thirty-five vaccinates and 29 control beef calves from five farms were studied. Vaccinates in group 1 received a modified live virus vaccine against infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) and bovine virus diarrhea (BVD) 30 days after shipment; vaccinates in groups 2, 3 and 4 received live virus vaccines agains IBR and bovine parainfluenza 3 (PI3) seven to 17 days before shipment. Half of group 5 were given bovine origin antiserum containing antibodies against IBR, BVD and PI3. Three weeks later, the animals that had received serum were given a live modified vaccine containing IBR, BVD and PI3. In group 1, WBC counts were lower in the vaccinates than in the controls for two weeks after vaccination. WBC counts in groups 3 and 4 were higher in vaccinates than in controls after addition to the feedlot. Seroconversions to BVD virus occured in all groups. Clinical disease apparently due to BVD affected one vaccinated calf in group 2 and eight calves in group 5. Combined weight gains were significantly higher in three groups of calves vaccinated before shipment compared to unvaccinated control animals after addition to the feedlot. Vaccination with IBR and PI3 live virus vaccines should be given at least 17 days before shipment to feedlots containing infected cattle. Antiserum containing antibodies against the three viruses showed no apparent advantage in preventing clinical respiratory disease over control calves not receiving the serum. 相似文献
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牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒攻毒方式的对比研究 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
本试验旨在建立牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒的攻毒模型,明确病毒在牛体内的分布及确定最佳攻毒方式,建立牛传染性鼻气管炎的发病标准,用来评价IBRV LNM弱毒疫苗的保护效力。试验共使用健康断乳牛9头,设鼻内喷雾组、滴鼻组和对照共3组,每组3头牛。将实验室分离保存的IBRV LN01/08强毒株采用鼻内喷雾和滴鼻两种方式接种试验组动物后,连续14 d,每日观察临床症状,监测体温及采集鼻拭子,对收集的试验数据进行对比分析。选取临床发病不同时期剖杀动物,采取主要脏器进行病毒分离。结果显示,所有动物攻毒后有不同程度的临床表现,以鼻内喷雾组临床表现最为严重,剖检可见肺部病变明显。病毒主要分布在呼吸道和眼结膜组织中。研究结果显示,采用IBRV自然感染方式攻击动物,喷雾方法攻毒临床效果明显强于滴鼻方式,保证了临床发病模型的建立,可以用来IBRV疫苗免疫效果评价,为研制IBR疫苗提供前提基础。 相似文献
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牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒(IBRV)主要引起牛的呼吸道、生殖道等炎症反应,也可以引起呼吸困难及流产。IBRV的致病机制尚不清楚,目前发现IBRV的非结构蛋白和结构糖蛋白与病毒毒力相关,不但影响病毒的复制及对宿主细胞的感染,同时也与病毒的免疫逃逸密切相关。除此之外,IBRV通过诱导宿主细胞凋亡造成持续性感染及激活炎症复合体诱导严重的炎症反应,造成宿主广泛病理反应的发生。因此,探索IBRV毒力蛋白结构功能、IBRV感染诱导的细胞凋亡及宿主炎性复合体激活的分子机制,将成为未来IBRV研究的热点。 相似文献
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Investigation of possible vaccine-induced epizootics of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis, using restriction endonuclease analysis of viral DNA 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Viral DNA was extracted from each of 14 modified-live (ML) bovine herpesvirus 1 vaccines, representing all of the ML infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (IBRV) vaccines licensed by the US Department of Agriculture for use in cattle. Restriction endonucleases Pst I and Bgl II were used to establish restriction enzyme patterns for the vaccinal viruses. Viral DNA from isolates obtained from 6 field samples of IBRV (1 from Colorado, 1 from West Virginia, 3 from Wisconsin, 1 from South Dakota) were digested with restriction endonucleases, and patterns were compared to evaluate the role of vaccinal virus in these field epizootics of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis. Animals from which field samples were obtained had been vaccinated with ML IBRV vaccine before the epizootic of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis occurred in the herds. In 2 of the 6 field samples, DNA restriction endonuclease analyses patterns from the isolates were indistinguishable from the pattern for the vaccinal viruses used. In the remaining 4 field samples, DNA restriction endonuclease analyses patterns of the IBRV from isolates were different from those of the vaccinal viruses. 相似文献