兔抗IVM多克隆抗体的制备

将伊维菌素(IVM)进行化学修饰,引入羧基活性基团,合成具有半抗原结构特征的伊维菌素半琥珀酸酯(IVM-HS):然后采用NHS法和混合酸酐法将半抗原与聚-L-赖氨酸(PLL)和卵清蛋白(OVA)相偶联,制备人工免疫原(PLL-IVM-HS)和包被原(OVA-IVM-HS);经凝胶电泳鉴定,用人工免疫原免疫新西兰大白兔制备多克隆抗体(pAb),间接EUSA测定其效价.结果人工免疫原偶联成功,分子结合比为25.3:1,获得了高价、敏感、特异性的IVM pAb,为IVM残留免疫学检测法的建立奠定了基础.     

沙丁胺醇免疫原的合成与鉴定

将沙丁胺醇(SAL)经过琥珀酸单酯化后,采用混合酸酐法与载体蛋白偶联,用紫外扫描(UV)和变性凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)方法检验偶联效果,推算分子结合比;制备全抗原后免疫BALB/c小鼠,间接ELISA测定多抗血清效价,阻断ELISA鉴定其敏感性。UV和SDS-PAGE分析结果表明,成功制备了BSA-HS-SAL,SAL-HS与BSA的分子结合比为11∶1;ELISA结果表明,获得了高效价、敏感的SAL多克隆抗体,为SAL残留免疫学检测方法的建立奠定了基础。     

己烯雌酚人工抗原的合成和酶免疫检测方法的建立

通过化学方法合成己烯雌酚单羧甲基醚,并通过核磁共振和质谱进行鉴定;分别用混合酸酐法和碳二亚胺法将其与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)和鸡卵清蛋白(OVA)偶联,合成己烯雌酚人工抗原,经紫外扫描、聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳和动物免疫试验证实人工抗原合成成功,并制备了抗己烯雌酚的特异性多克隆抗体,同时建立了己烯雌酚的酶免疫检测方法,这对动物性食品中己烯雌酚的残留检测有重要意义。     

苦参碱人工抗原的合成与鉴定

【目的】合成并鉴定苦参碱人工抗原,以获取具有特异性和高亲和性的苦参碱多克隆抗体,为建立苦参碱的酶联免疫分析方法奠定基础。【方法】通过对槐果碱不饱和双键进行亲核加成、叠氮化、催化氢化合成苦参碱半抗原13氨基苦参碱(ST),并经MS、NMR法对其结构进行鉴定;采用戊二醛法将半抗原与载体蛋白偶联合成苦参碱的人工抗原(ST-BSA和ST-OVA),经紫外光谱扫描法、SDS-PAGE法、红外光谱扫描法对人工抗原进行鉴定;将制备的苦参碱人工抗原免疫健康新西兰大白兔获得苦参碱的多克隆抗体,通过间接非竞争ELISA方法测定其效价。【结果】成功合成了一种苦参碱半抗原13-氨基苦参碱(ST),与载体蛋白BSA、OVA偶联后得到了免疫原(ST-BSA)和包被原(ST-OVA),免疫新西兰大白兔获得多克隆抗体,效价达到128 000。【结论】成功合成了苦参碱人工抗原,为苦参碱免疫分析方法的研究提供了条件。     

诺氟沙星与牛血清白蛋白及卵清蛋白结合物的合成

采用碳二亚胺法制备诺氟沙星与牛血清白蛋白（BSA）的结合物，作为诺氟沙星酶联免疫用的免疫原。经紫外光谱法测定，每分子牛血清白蛋白连接的诺氟沙星分子数为16.1个。分别用碳二亚胺法和混合酸酐法制备诺氟沙星与卵清蛋白（OA）的结合物，作为诺氟沙星酶联免疫测定用的包被抗原。经紫外光谱法测定，每分子卵清蛋白连接的诺氟沙星分子数分别为5.8和1.9个。     

诺氟沙星与牛血清白蛋白及卵清蛋白结合物的合成

采用碳二亚胺法制备诺氟沙星与牛血清白蛋白（BSA）的结合物，作为诺氟沙星酶联免疫用的免疫原。经紫外光谱法测定，每分子牛血清白蛋白连接的诺氟沙星分子数为16.1个。分别用碳二亚胺法和混合酸酐法制备诺氟沙星与卵清蛋白（OA）的结合物，作为诺氟沙星酶联免疫测定用的包被抗原。经紫外光谱法测定，每分子卵清蛋白连接的诺氟沙星分子数分别为5.8和1.9个。     

鳗弧菌单克隆抗体-胶体金检测方法的建立

以灭活鳗弧菌(SMW5)全菌为抗原,应用杂交瘤技术,制备了鳗弧菌单克隆抗体3株,分别命名为1H9、1C12、6F8,细胞亚类分别为IgG2a、IgM、IgG2b,其中1H9腹水效价为1∶6.4×105。制备鳗弧菌(SMW5)兔多克隆抗体,效价为1∶3.2×105。应用纳米胶体金颗粒标记单克隆抗体1H9并制备金标垫,抗鳗弧菌(SMW5)兔多克隆抗体与羊抗鼠抗体作为捕获抗体包被硝酸纤维素膜,分别作为检测线T和质控线C,建立鳗弧菌的胶体金免疫层析快速检测方法。经过对试纸条的特异性和灵敏度测定,结果表明:试纸条与嗜水气单胞菌、温和气单胞菌、豚鼠气单胞菌、创伤弧菌、副溶血弧菌、副溶藻弧菌、迟缓爱德华氏菌,7种水产常见病原菌没有交叉反应,与鳗弧菌特异性反应,检测灵敏度为6.3×104cfu·mL~(-1),检测所需时间低于10min。所制备的鳗弧菌胶体金免疫层析检测试纸条具有快速、简便、特异性高和适应基层生产推广应用等优点。     

同时检测AFB_1和ZEA免疫层析试纸条的研制

采用柠檬酸三钠还原法制备胶体金,将其与抗AFB1和ZEA单克隆抗体进行偶联,并把偶联物、AFB1-STI、ZEA-OVA以及硝酸纤维素膜(NC膜)等组装成免疫层析试纸条,同时进行检测条件的最优化设计。胶体金偶联AFB1和ZEA抗体最适pH同为7.0,最适抗体浓度分别为5.0和2.5μg.mL-1,NC膜上包被AFB1-STI和ZEA-OVA的浓度分别1.0和2.0mg.mL-1,为该方法可同时定性检测样品中AFB1和ZEA,其最低检测限分别达到5μg.kg-1和50μg.kg-1;与黄曲霉毒素M1、脱氧血腐镰刀菌烯醇的交叉反应率小于1%。该试纸条具有可同时检测两种真菌毒素的特点,适用于同一样品中多种毒素的快速检测。     

Production and Characterization of Polyclonal Antibody for the N- Methylcarbamate Insecticide Metolcarb

The hapten, 3-{[1-(3-(methyl)phenyloxy)-carbonyl]amino}propanoic acid (HOM), mimicking the analyte metolcarb, was synthesized and verified by mass spectrometry (MS) and 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry (1H-NMR). Then,HOM was conjugated with the carrier proteins bovine serum albumin (BSA) and ovalbumin (OVA) with stoichiometric amounts of N-hydroxysuccinimide/dicyclohexylcarbodimide (NHS/DCC) using the activated ester method. Polyclonal antibodies were raised against the conjugate of HOM-BSA in rabbits. Antiserum titres were determined by noncompetitive indirect ELISA procedures and the titer of pAb01 reached 1.28 × 106. The cross-reactivities of the structurally related Nmethylcarbamate insecticides were 0.0% except for dimethacarb. These results indicate that the antibody pAb01 with strong affinity and high specificity can be used to develop a sensitive and rapid detection protocol for metolcarb residue.     

氯霉素人工免疫原的合成与鉴定

将氯霉素(CAP)进行化学修饰引入羧基活性基团,合成具有半抗原结构特征的氯霉素半琥珀酸酯(CAP-HS);采用混合酸酐(MA)法将CAP-HS与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)和卵清蛋白(OVA)偶联合成人工免疫原BSA-CAP-HS和包被原OVA-CAP-HS,用红外(IR)、紫外(UV)、凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)进行鉴定;用BSA-CAP-HS免疫BALB/C小鼠,间接ELISA测定多抗(pAb)效价,阻断ELISA鉴定其敏感性,交叉反应试验鉴定其特异性。结果表明,CAP-HS与BSA合成成功,其分子结合比为15.6∶1,获得了高价、敏感、特异的CAP pAb,为CAP残留免疫学检测方法的建立奠定了基础。     

Specific immunosuppression by immunotoxins containing daunomycin

Daunomycin, when conjugated with a targeting antigen by an acid-sensitive spacer, remains inactive at the intravascular pH of 7 but becomes active after cleavage within the acidic lysosomal environment of the target cell. This observation made it possible to construct cytocidal compounds that caused antigen-specific suppression of murine lymphocyte function. When daunomycin was coupled to the hapten conjugate of ovalbumin by an acid-sensitive cis-aconityl group, it caused hapten-specific impairment of immunocompetence in murine B lymphocytes in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, the response by T lymphocytes to concanavalin A in vitro was selectively eliminated by a conjugate between daunomycin plus the acid-sensitive spacer and a monoclonal antibody specific for T cells.     

酶联免疫吸附法检测鸡蛋中三聚氰胺的残留

将三聚氰胺与琥珀酸酐反应以合成半抗原,再采用混合酸酐法合成人工完全抗原,然后免疫新西兰白兔获得针对三聚氰胺的特异性抗体(IC50为42 ng/mL),以此抗体为核心建立了检测三聚氰胺的间接竞争酶联免疫吸附检测法,检测限为8.5 ng/mL。鸡蛋样品以氨化乙腈提取,正己烷去脂,微孔滤膜过滤后检测;在空白样品中添加不同浓度的三聚氰胺,回收率范围为88.9%～96.1%,变异系数小于11.6%。表明:酶联免疫吸附法,快速、简便且灵敏,可作为鸡蛋或其他动物性食品中三聚氰胺残留的常规筛选方法。     

Development of a Synthetic Peptide ELISA Assay for the Detection of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Nonstructural Protein Antibodies

In order to develop an ELISA assay with synthetic peptides for the detection of antibody to the nonstructural proteins of foot-and-mouth disease virus, specific peptides were synthesized by a solid-phase method according to FMDV NSPs B-cell epitopes, and were conjugated to carrier protein BSA. An ELISA system was developed to detect FMDV NSPs antibody with the conjugated proteins as the coating antigen. The optimal coating concentration of the antigen was determined as 2.5 μg mL-1. The comparative study of this assay with UBI NSP ELISA kit and national commercial 3ABC ELISA kit in the detection of 199 serum samples showed that they were very coincident, and the identity rates were 96.48 and 97.48%, respectively. The development of ELISA using the synthetic peptides as coating antigen is specific, reproducible, stable, and easy, and can be used to differentiate FMDV infected pigs from immunized pigs.     

己烯雌酚人工抗原的合成及其抗体制备

以己烯雌酚(DES)、琥珀酸酐和牛血清白蛋白(BSA)等为主要原料,采用混合酸酐反应(氯甲酸异丁酯法)将半抗原己烯雌酚与载体蛋白BSA联接制备成人工免疫原。用此免疫原免疫家兔,并以间接ELISA法测定抗体效价。结果表明,人工合成的抗原具有很强的免疫原性,被免疫兔血清中的抗DES抗体效价高达28。本试验为下一步制备抗DES单克隆抗体及研制快速检测DES残留的免疫试剂盒奠定了基础。     

莱克多巴胺快速检测竞争ELISA试剂盒的研制及其性能测定(英文)

Mixed anhydride(MA)was used to conjugate ractopamine(RAC)to BSA and obtained artificial antigen BSA-RAC identified by UV and SDS-PAGE.Balb/c mice were immunized with BSA-RAC and hybridoma lines that secrete RAC monoclonal antibody(mAb)were generated with cell fusion.A ciELISA kit for detection of RAC(RAC-Kit)was developed with RAC mAb and its performance were tested.The results indicated that BSA-RAC was successfully synthesized and its conjugation ratio of RAC to BSA was about 24.5∶1.Three hybridoma lines were filtered and the best one was 4D8-3E11,its affinity constant(Ka)was 1.65×1010 L/mol.The limit of detection of RAC-Kit was 0.5 ng/ml and its detection range was 0.5-184 ng/ml.The mean recoveries of RAC spiked in feed were 85.6% and in swine urine were 88.6%.The precision and accuracy of the assay as determined by inter-assay and intra-assay coefficient variation were below 15%.It had 9.4% cross-reactivity(CR%)to dobutamine and little or no CR to other compounds.The validity of RAC-Kit in 4 ℃ was in 180 d.     

玉米和花生中黄曲霉素B_1酶联免疫快速分析方法

将黄曲霉素Ｂ１衍生成胺氧乙酸肟,然后分别同牛血清白蛋白和辣根过氧化物酶进行化学交联而制得结合物。前者用来免疫新西兰大白兔,后者用作免疫反应的示踪物。将所得抗体和示踪物在免疫反应中进行浓度优化,开发出了ＡＦＢ１酶联免疫分析直接竞争抑制法。用所建立的方法能够准确、快速地检测玉米和花生中黄曲霉素Ｂ１的含量。ＡＦＢ１在磷酸盐－吐温缓冲液中的最低检测限为０．４ｐｇ／ｍＬ;在玉米和花生中的最低检测限均为４０ｎｇ／ｋｇ。     

莱克多巴胺单克隆抗体的研制

莱克多巴胺(Ractopamine)与戊二酸酐、氯甲酸异丁酯反应后,与牛血清白蛋白偶联,免疫BALB/c小鼠,用杂交瘤技术获得2株稳定分泌抗莱克多巴胺单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株,并制备腹水,间接ELISA方法测定腹水抗体效价为1∶3.2×107。该抗体与克仑特罗交叉反应率为0.3%,体外传代培养和冻存复苏后抗体分泌稳定。获得的单克隆抗体可用于肉品中莱克多巴胺残留检测和莱克多巴胺残留检测试剂盒的开发。     

甲拌磷人工抗原的合成及多克隆抗体制备

以五硫化二磷与无水乙醇为原料,首先制得硫化物中间体,再添加甲醛和2-巯基乙醇进行反应,得到甲拌磷半抗原.在DMAP作为催化剂的条件下,甲拌磷半抗原与丁二酸酐反应,得到甲拌磷半抗原的衍生物.通过碳二亚胺法将甲拌磷半抗原衍生物分别与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)和鸡卵清白蛋白(OVA)共价偶联,得到免疫抗原和包被抗原.用免疫抗原免疫兔子获得了高效价的多克隆抗体,抗血清效价达到了1∶50 000.通过试验确立甲拌磷标准曲线,检测限为6.383μg/L,检测线性范围为6.383～10 000μg/L.     

氯霉素抗体的制备

采用改进的混合酸酐法合成的免疫原氯霉素琥珀酸酯牛血清白蛋白（CAP－HS－BSA），经红外滤谱鉴定后，免疫5只家兔，3个月后，产生合格氯霉素抗血清，用双向琼脂扩散方法测定效价为1：16。此氯霉素（CAP）抗血清与氯霉素半琥珀酸酯和琥珀酸钠氯霉素的交叉反应率分别为850．0％、800．0％，与磺胺二甲嘧啶、磺胺－5－甲氧嘧啶、水溶性氟哌酸、青霉素、链霉素的交叉反应率均小于0．01％。     

一种新的抗多环芳烃多克隆抗体的制备（英文）

为实现环境中多环芳烃(PAHs)污染物的快速检测,制备了抗多环芳烃多克隆抗体,用于多环芳烃免疫学检测试剂盒的研制。采用活性酯法将半抗原芘丁酸(1-PBA)分别于牛血清白蛋白(BSA)和卵清白蛋白(OVA)进行偶联,获得PBA-BSA和PBA-OVA偶联物,以PBA-BSA偶联物免疫新西兰大白兔,获得针对多环芳烃的抗血清。以PBA-OVA偶联物为包被原,间接ELISA法检测抗血清,效价为102 400,经纯化后得到多克隆抗体。采用间接竞争ELISA法绘制了针对芘的标准曲线,得到该方法的IC50值为0.06 mg/L,检出限为0.01 mg/L。与16种多环芳烃的交叉反应实验结果表明该抗体对高环PAHs的亲和力较高。反应体系中添加低于40%的甲醇对ELISA结果无影响。该抗体的制备及特性鉴定对后续多环芳烃酶联免疫试剂盒的开发奠定了技术基础。