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在一般贮藏条件下,绿茶品质会逐渐下降,甚至劣变而失去饮用价值,实质上这是绿茶品质成分不断变化(尤其是易氧化物的氧化作用)的综合反应,其中维生素C因其氧化还原电位较低而特别容易变化。探明绿茶贮藏过程中这些生化成分的变化规律是控制和延缓品质劣变的前提。迄今,国内外已有不少有关这方面的研究,笔者在前人研究基础上针对我国茶叶生产实际情况,对不同贮藏条件下绿茶内含维生素C与品质变化的关系作了探讨。 相似文献
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真空充氮及沸水脱咖啡碱工艺对绿茶品质的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究探讨了真空充氮和沸水脱咖啡碱工艺对绿茶品质的影响。结果表明:真空充氮和沸水脱咖啡碱工艺都能够显著改变绿茶挥发性风味成分的组成,使其色、香、味以及功能成分发生了一系列变化。单纯真空充氮处理后,茶样风味接受性下降,挥发性成分相对含量总量减少了39%,检出挥发性成分种类减少27种;酸类、呋喃类和其它杂类挥发性成分组成百分比增加,醇类减少。富集γ-氨基丁酸且脱咖啡碱茶样与只经过富集处理茶样相比,有55种挥发性成分相对含量减少了,有28种挥发性成分相对含量增加了,挥发性成分相对含量总量减少了56%。酸类、呋喃类在脱咖啡碱且富集处理茶样中所占百分比要较未脱咖啡碱富集处理茶样低,风味可接受性提高,说明脱咖啡碱加工工艺能改善高γ-氨基丁酸绿茶产品功能组成和风味可接受性。 相似文献
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茶叶在普通的条件下贮藏,其内含生化成分易产生一系列化学变化,导致品质的降低。这些化学变化是由环境条件所引起的,其中主要的因素是氧气,温度、湿度、光线等。人们为改进茶叶贮藏保管方法,做了大量的探索和研究。如:低温冷藏,真空和抽气充氮、辐射贮藏, 相似文献
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绿茶饮料贮藏期间主要生化成分和典型香气成分的变化及相关性研究 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
对绿茶饮料在贮藏期间主要生化成分、芳香成分的变化及二者的相关性进行了研究。结果表明,绿茶饮料在贮藏期间总酚含量呈下降趋势,贮藏12月后总酚减少26.6%;主要儿茶素EGCG含量下降明显,贮藏6个月和12个月后,饮料中EGCG的损失率分别达57.2%和91.9%。茶饮料在储藏过程中有H2O2产生,且H2O2的含量呈动态变化;游离氨基酸在贮藏一个月后损失率约为68%,当贮藏4个月后,其总量又有所增加;绿茶饮料贮藏过程中香气成分的种类和含量均明显增加,饮料中典型的呈香物质,如芳樟醇、芳樟醇氧化物、香叶醇、β-紫罗兰酮、己醛、橙花醇、苯甲醛的含量均随贮藏时间的延长而增加;利用SAS软件进行相关性分析表明,生化成分的变化与典型香气成分变化呈正相关;其中,儿茶素氧化和H2O2含量变化导致芳樟醇、芳樟醇氧化物、香叶醇、β-紫罗兰酮、苯甲醛和橙花醇含量增加;氨基酸和H2O2的变化导致己醛含量增加。进一步采用多元逐步回归分析表明,儿茶素氧化是导致饮料香气成分发生变化的主导因素。 相似文献
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研究分析了不同加工工艺超微茶粉球磨粉碎工艺、气磨粉碎工艺超微茶粉主要理化性质。不同粉碎处理的超微茶粉在理化成分含量、色泽、香气及滋味特征等方面均有所差异。结果表明,球磨、气磨粉碎超微茶粉游离氨基酸含量分别为25.4 mg/g、22.9 mg/g;咖啡碱含量分别为33.8 mg/g、33.6 mg/g;水溶性糖含量分别为31.2 mg/g、30.8 mg/g;水溶性蛋白质含量分别为21.1 mg/g、19.2 mg/g;茶多酚含量分别为172.2 mg/g、150.3 mg/g。球磨粉碎超微茶粉感官品质特征优于气磨粉碎超微茶粉,茶叶中的茶多酚、咖啡碱等主要香气物质、营养物质的损失也低于气磨粉碎超微茶粉,本实验对比两者理化性质的区别分析,从而可以为提高超微茶粉品质的加工措施提供理论依据。 相似文献
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针对豫北地区的大豆生产现状,从气候、土壤、品种、生态因素及市场需求等方面提出了优质大豆的发展策略与途径。 相似文献
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Irrigation of Netted Gem potatoes was scheduled during three growing seasons by three methods: (a) when plants displayed first visual symptoms of moisture stress, (b) when indicated by a soil moisture budget involving estimated evapotranspiration, and (c) on the basis of tensiometer readings of soil moisture suction. When the tensiometer method of scheduling was used, the mean yields of tubers were 55.0 and 25.8 cwt/acre (6160 and 2890 kg/ha) higher than those obtained with the other two scheduling methods. Methods did not affect the specific gravity of potatoes. Method (a) scheduled irrigations least frequently. Scheduling by the budget method was not always adequate because it was based on the assumption that the crop extracted water from a constant 4 ft (1.2 m) profile from planting to full vegetative growth. In one year the budget method scheduled the first irrigation earlier than necessary and delayed the second irrigation during a critical period of crop growth. From full vegetative cover to harvest the irrigation schedules were alike for both the budget and tensiometer methods. 相似文献
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1 吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究工作简介吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究所 ,设在吉林省长春市西安大路种子大厦内。现有科技人员 6人 ,其中研究员 2人 ,农艺师 2人 ,技术员 2人 ,定向培养研究生 2人。大豆研究所的主要任务是选育稳产、高产、优质及抗病虫大豆新品种 ;同时密切 相似文献
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以长沙县高桥相同嫩度茶鲜叶原料采用卷曲形毛尖茶加工工艺制绿茶为对照,分别对沅陵县齐眉翠峰、凤娇碣滩茶、干发茶和军大坪茶4种绿茶的主要生化成分与感官品质进行初步分析。结果表明,沅陵4种绿茶的茶多酚总量28.76%~30.34%,游离氨基酸总量2.35%~3.22%,咖啡碱含量3.00%~3.63%,水浸出物含量37.26%~40.07%,可溶性糖总量5.46%~5.65%,可溶性蛋白含量1.50%~1.74%,类黄酮化合物总量1.16%~1.79%,叶绿素总量1.36%~2.01%,儿茶素总量13.53%~16.20%。与对照相比,4种绿茶的茶多酚、可溶性糖和儿茶素总量均高于对照,除齐眉翠峰外其余3种茶样水浸出物和叶绿素总量均高于对照,除干发茶外其余3种茶样类黄酮化合物总量均高于对照。 相似文献
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Sena L.P. VanderJagt D.J. Rivera C. Tsin A.T.C. Muhamadu I. Mahamadou O. Millson M. Pastuszyn A. Glew R.H. 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1998,52(1):17-30
In the western Sahel, indigenous plants become important staples when cereal harvests are inadequate to support populations inhabiting that region of Africa. The purpose of this study was to assess the nutrient content of several of these edible wild plants. The leaves of the following seven plant foods were analyzed: Ziziphus mauritiana, Cerathotheca sesamoides, Moringa oleifera, Leptadenia hastata, Hibiscus sabdarifa, Amaranthus viridi, and Adansonia digitata. The fatty acid, vitamin E, carotenoid, selected mineral and amino acid contents of these plant foods were determined. These same analyses were performed on the fruit of the Adansonia digitata. In quantitative and qualitative terms, Amaranthus viridis was found to be an excellent source of protein. Its amino acid composition compared favorably to that of a World Health Organization (WHO) protein standard. It also contained considerable amounts of the two fatty acids that are essential in humans (linoleic and -linolenic) and a number of minerals including iron, magnesium, calcium and zinc. The leaves of Hibiscus sabdarifa contained an appreciable quantity of protein the composition of which was comparable to the WHO standard. The mineral content of the leaves of this plant was also exceptionally high; noteworthy was its high zinc content. H. sabdarifa also contained significant quantities of the two essential fatty acids. Ziziphus mauritiana was an excellent source of the essential fatty acid linoleic acid and several of the metals including iron, calcium, magnesium and zinc. Its content of other essential nutrients, however, was rather low. In general, Adansonia digitata leaves were nutritionally superior to the fruit of the tree; however, the fruit did contain useful quantities of potassium, phosphorus, zinc and -linolenic acid. The Leptadenia hastata leaves were an especially good source of lutein and -carotene. These data should be useful to the people who inhabit the western Sahel in helping them devise healthy diets during times when cereal staples are in short supply. 相似文献
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通过电解质外渗法和匍匐茎恢复试验对‘阳江’狗牙根及其12个通过形态鉴定选出的坪用价值高且花序密度低的诱变后代进行抗寒性鉴定。电解质外渗法结果表明:诱变后代间的抗寒性具有较大差异,其叶片半致死温度(LT50)的变异范围为-7.6~-0.2℃(最低值与最大值相差7.4℃);参试材料抗寒性由强到弱依次为M18>M4>M26>M28> M22>阳江>M29>M31>M10>M37>M16>M1>M25,其中,有5个诱变后代抗寒性优于亲本,分别是M18、M4、M26、M28、M22。匍匐茎恢复实验结果表明:诱变后代M1、M22、M26、M31、M25在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫后的恢复生长率都高于亲本,恢复能力均优于亲本;M10、M37、M28在-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长能力低于亲本,抗寒性相对较弱,M16和M4在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长率都低于亲本,抗寒性明显弱于亲本。综合2种方法鉴定结果显示:诱变后代M1、M25的恢复能力较强;M4、M28的叶片抗寒性较好,青绿期较长;M22、M18、M26的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较强;M29,M31的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力与亲本相似;M10、M16、M37的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较弱,整体抗寒性较弱。 相似文献
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