小反刍兽疫病毒及山羊痘病毒N-ITR基因二联实时荧光定量RT-PCR检测方法的建立

Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) and goat pox virus (GTPV) are the causative agents of two kinds of goats’ diseases-peste des petits ruminants and goat pox which can cause disaster economic losses. In order to detect the two viruses simultaneously and quickly, two sets of primers and relative probes were designed based on the nucleoprotein (N) gene of PPRV and the inverted terminal repeat (ITR) segment of GTPV， respectively. In order to work together in the same reaction, the probes were labeled with different fluorescent materials 5′FAM-TAMRA3′and 5′JOE-Eclipse3′，respectively. Results showed that the duplex Real-time RT-PCR assay was identified to be specific for PPRV and GTPV only and specific fluorescent signal could be detected, but the related viruses including fowl pox virus（FPV）and canine distemper virus (CDV) had no specific fluorescent signal. Positive recombinant plasmids (PPRV pMD18-T-N and GTPV pMD18-T-ITR) were built and used for positive quantitative templates to establish duplex standard curves. The developed assay based on the probe N-ITR was found to be highly specific and sensitive with a detection limit of 10² copies/μL cDNA and 10³ copies/μL DNA for PPRV and GTPV， respectively. Finally, the duplex Real-time RT-PCR assay for simultaneous detection of PPRV and GTPV was established preliminarily in the study.     

基于N蛋白的PPRV间接ELISA检测方法的建立及应用

【目的】原核表达小反刍兽疫病毒(Peste des petits ruminants virus,PPRV)的N蛋白,并以N蛋白为包被抗原建立血清间接ELISA检测方法。【方法】克隆PPRV N蛋白基因,将其克隆至原核表达载体pET-28a中进行重组N蛋白的诱导表达,对表达产物进行纯化复性,并进行Western-blot鉴定。用复性后的N蛋白作为包被抗原,优化反应条件,建立血清中PPRV抗体水平的间接ELISA检测方法,并对其进行特异性、灵敏性和重复性试验,最后用该方法对临床样品进行检测,检验其应用效果。【结果】原核表达获得大小为58ku的重组N蛋白,Western-blot分析表明重组蛋白具有良好的特异性和反应原性。PPRV间接ELISA法优化反应条件为:抗原包被量每孔400ng,血清以1∶200倍稀释作用2h,酶标二抗以1∶8 000倍稀释作用1h,TMB显色时间20min,在该优化条件下,OD450≥0.309为阳性,反之为阴性。特异性试验表明,该条件下对羊痘、羊口疮、羊布氏杆菌和羊魏氏梭菌血清检测结果均为阴性;对80份阳性血清进行检测,敏感性为98.7%。重复性试验表明,批内和批间OD450值的变异系数分别在2.29%~8.65%和2.13%~5.68%。用本试验建立的ELISA检测体系对临床197份血清进行检测,阳性率为85.79%,与标准试剂盒的符合率为96.4%。【结论】建立的ELISA检测方法可用于PPRV抗体水平的有效检测。     

Study on Secretory Expression and Immunogenicity of PPRV F Gene in Insect Cells

This study was aimed to explore the use of baculovirus expression system to secrete peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) F gene protein and use it as subunit vaccine. The gene fragment encoding F protein of PPRV was cloned into the baculovirus pFastBac Ⅰ transfer vector with a honeybee melittin signal peptide.The constructed F-pFastBac was transformed into Escherichia coli DH10Bac,resulting the recombinant baculovirus DNA (F-Bacmid) which was confirmed by blue-white plaque assay and antibiotic resistance selection.The F-Bacmid was then transfected into Sf9 insect cells by the cellfectin transfection reagent.The recombinant F protein was expressed in High Five cells in the serum-free medium.The SDS-PAGE and Western blotting analysis of recombinant protein showed that the protein could be expressed in insect cells and secreted into the culture medium. For the immunogenicity study,the recombinant protein was then inoculated into BALB/c mice, the results showed that the recombinant protein was able to stimulate B cells to produce special antibodies. In conclusions,the recombinant baculovirus expressing F protein of PPRV were successfully constructed.This study applied a basis for the development of PPRV subunit vaccine.     

小反刍兽疫病毒H蛋白原核表达的研究

小反刍兽疫病毒属副粘病毒科麻疹病毒属,为一不分节段的负链RNA病毒。本研究以灭活的检测用抗原为材料,抽提基因组RNA作为模板,根据GenBank下栽的序列及载体的需要设计其主要的抗原基因H基因的编码序列的RT—PCIL扩增引物;然后将扩增基因片段与T载体连接克隆测序,再与原核表达载体pET100／D—TOPO连接、诱导表达。结果显示所设计引物对模极有预期扩增,序列测定表明为正确片段;片段经纯化与表达载体连接,已挑到阳性克隆。H基因的表达菌经IPTG诱导,SDS—PAGE电泳。结果显示：H基因有预期分子量大小的蛋白表达;用Anti—His抗体已检测到相应融合蛋白的表达,其原核表达的相应蛋白抗原性状况正在试验研究中,表达产物具有潜在的诊断抗原和免疫原价值。     

小反刍兽疫病毒F蛋白抗原位点的克隆与表达

目的表达小反刍兽疫F蛋白的抗原位点用于检测与预防。方法用DNAStar分析小反刍兽疫的抗原位点,采用逆转录聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)技术,从病羊组织中PPRV的F基因的抗原位点并克隆到原核表达载体PET-28b中,最后用PCR、酶切和测序分析对重组质粒进行鉴定;将重组质粒转化到大肠杆菌Rosetta中,经ITPG诱导表达PPRVF基因的抗原位点;用SDS-PAGE和Western-Blotting分析抗原位点蛋白的表达。结果将RT-PCR产物电泳,得到与预期大小相符的特异性片段;对重组质粒PET-28b-F35-111(pZLW013)、PET-28b-F143-485(pZLW014)和PET-28b-F323-485(pZLW015)酶切后,均出现与预期相符的片段;DNA测序表明插入的片段的序列与小反刍兽疫F基因的抗原位点序列分别完全一致,其大小分别为251bp、1053bp和514bp;将重组表达的蛋白经SDS-PAGE和West-ern-Blotting分析,证明小反刍兽疫抗原位点F35-111没有表达、抗原位点F143-485和F323-485得到表达。结论成功表达了PPRVF基因的两段抗原位点蛋白,为日后检测与预防工作奠定了基础。     

小反刍兽疫病毒N蛋白阻断ELISA方法的建立

小反刍兽疫(PPR)是一种跨国传播的重大烈性传染病,主要发生于山羊和绵羊等小反刍动物,具有高发病率和死亡率。小反刍兽疫病毒(PPRV)N蛋白是抗体检测的主要靶蛋白,本研究将PPRV Nigeria 75/1毒株的N蛋白进行原核表达,重组蛋白经鉴定和纯化后免疫BALB/c小鼠。取小鼠脾细胞与SP2/0骨髓瘤细胞融合,筛选针对PPRV N蛋白的阳性单克隆细胞株,获得了具有阻断效果的单克隆抗体1B11株。经免疫荧光方法鉴定该单克隆抗体与PPRV Nigeria 75/1毒株发生特异性反应。用纯化的重组N蛋白作为包被抗原,辣根过氧化物酶标记1B11抗体作为阻断抗体,建立了检测PPRV抗体的阻断ELISA方法。经优化反应条件,抗原的最佳包被浓度为2.5μg/mL,阻断抗体的最佳浓度为1μg/mL,待检血清1∶2稀释反应1 h,底物反应时间为10 min,阴阳性检测临界值为阻断率为58.5%。特异性试验证明该方法与山羊副流感病毒3型(CPIV3)、牛病毒性腹泻病毒(BVDV)、边界病病毒(BDV)等阳性血清不发生交叉反应。通过对234份血清样品进行检测,该方法与商品化试剂盒符合率为91%(213/234)。由此表明,建立的阻断ELISA方法可用于PPRV临床样品的抗体水平检测,为PPRV疫苗免疫效果检验及PPRV根除提供了基础。     

Rapid detection of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Peste des Petits Ruminants</Emphasis> (PPR) virus antigen in Sudan by agar gel precipitation (AGPT) and haemagglutination (HA) Tests

AGPT and HA tests were employed for rapid diagnosis of PPRV infection in sheep and goats in Sudan. Forty lymph nodes and spleen samples from suspected cases of PPR in both sheep and goats were examined by AGPT and HA tests for detection of PPRV antigen. Viral antigen was detected from (77.5%) of the samples tested by AGPT and (92.5%) tested by HA test. The results of both tests revealed that HA test was more sensitive than AGPT for detection of PPRV antigen (Kappa statistics 0.4366). Another advantage of the HA test over AGPT was that it can differentiate PPRV from RPV. Thus the HA test represents a quick, easy, simple, cheap and reliable confirmatory test for the diagnosis of PPR and differential diagnosis of PPRV and RPV. The HA test was carried out using chicken, goat and pig RBCs. Chicken RBCs were found to be the most sensitive for detection of PPRV antigen, followed by goat then pig RBCs. The HA time when using chicken RBCs was 20–25 minutes, using goat RBCs was 25–30 minutes and using pig RBCs was 40–45 minutes. The distribution of PPR infection in four different regions of Sudan was investigated.     

小反刍兽疫病毒细胞膜受体的鉴定

【目的】对小反刍兽疫病毒（Peste des petits ruminants virus,PPRV）H蛋白胞外区（tH）细胞膜受体进行鉴定,为PPRV致病机制的研究奠定基础。【方法】克隆PPRV H基因胞外区（tH）,在毕赤酵母(Pichia pastoris)中进行真核表达,纯化后免疫家兔,获得兔抗PPRVtH蛋白特异性抗体;提取山羊外周血淋巴细胞膜蛋白,经SDS-PAGE检测后,湿转印法转印至NC膜,分别利用纯化的重组tH蛋白和PPRV进行病毒铺覆蛋白结合试验（VOPBA）,对受体进行鉴定。【结果】成功克隆了1 653 bp的PPRV tH基因,构建其重组酵母表达质粒pPIC9K-tH,诱导表达后获得了60 ku目的蛋白。重组tH蛋白免疫家兔后获得了效价为1∶200的抗血清。Westernblotting分析发现,该重组蛋白可与PPRV多克隆抗体发生特异性反应,山羊外周血淋巴细胞膜蛋白上有2个与PPRV和重组tH蛋白结合的蛋白带,分子质量约为38和100 ku。【结论】从山羊外周血淋巴细胞膜蛋白上鉴定到了2种与PPRV结合的蛋白组分,其特性有待于进一步研究。     

猪伪狂犬重组抗原间接ELISA诊断方法的建立

本研究应用重组抗原,成功建立了检测猪伪狂犬病病毒血清抗体的间接ELISA诊断方法。通过方阵滴定确定了抗原最适包被量为1.45μg/孔,血清最适稀释度为1∶80,其作用时间为60 min,酶标抗体最适作用时间为60 min。其阳性临界值为OD≥0.123。此外,该抗原不与猪其他疾病的阳性血清反应,具有良好的特异性;批内重复试验,变异系数小于10%。该方法与进口诊断试剂盒的符合率为96.3%。本研究为现地免疫猪群抗体检测和进行PRV流行病学调查提供了一种简便的血清学诊断方法。     

小反刍兽疫病毒间接ELISA抗体检测方法的建立与初步应用

本研究利用原核表达的小反刍兽疫病毒核衣壳（N）蛋白作为标准抗原蛋白,建立PPRV抗体检测方法,同时对建立的检测方法的相关条件进行了优化。通过优化确定抗原的最佳包被浓度为10 mg/L,血清最佳稀释度为1∶40,二抗的使用浓度为1∶200,血清及二抗的最佳反应条件为37 ℃孵育60 min,底物的最佳反应时间为37 ℃ 15 min。通过批内及批间重复性的评价,变异系数均小于0.1,表明本检测方法具有较高的可重复性。经过临床样品检测证明,建立的检测方法可用于临床PPRV抗体的检测。