Light-microscopy evaluation of zonular fiber morphology in dogs with glaucoma: secondary to lens displacement

Lens displacement resulting in secondary glaucoma is common in terrier breeds. This study was carried out to evaluate whether light microscopy was useful in detecting abnormal patterns in zonular fiber protein. Eyes from 63 dogs with glaucoma secondary to lens displacement were evaluated for the presence of abnormal zonular fiber morphology using the following stains: hematoxylin and eosin, periodic acid Schiff (PAS), Masson's trichrome and Verhoeff's elastin stains. Two distinct forms of abnormal zonular fiber morphology were recognized and designated as zonular fiber dysplasia (ZFD) and zonular fiber collagenization (ZFC). ZFD protein morphology was characterized by being tightly adherent to the nonpigmented ciliary body epithelium, exhibiting a distinct lamellar and cross-hatched pattern and staining strongly positive with PAS and trichrome stains, and staining negative with elastin stains. ZFD was predominant in terrier breeds (18 of 29) and Shar-Pei dogs (4 of 29). ZFC abnormality was characterized by excessive zonular fiber that was not tightly adherent to the ciliary body epithelium and staining positive with PAS, trichrome (blue for collagen) and elastin stains. Only 7 of 19 dogs with ZFC changes were terrier breeds, and there was no pattern in the breeds affected. Fifteen of the 63 dogs used in the study had normal appearing zonular fibers. The staining pattern in these dogs matched normal controls by staining positive with PAS and Verhoeff's elastin stains and had only minimal positive staining with Masson's trichrome stain. Results suggest that light microscopy is useful in detecting breed-related changes in zonular fiber morphology in cases of glaucoma secondary to lens displacement. These changes may correlate with the presence of abnormal zonular fiber proteins and might be important in the pathogenesis of primary lens displacement in terrier and Shar-Pei dogs.     

RBF神经网络在线学习方式及其在大坝位移监测中的应用

针对目前RBF神经网络训练算法存在的问题,提出了一种模拟人类学习方式的自动调整隐层节点数的在线训练方法,对其理论依据进行了分析,并用实例对其进行了验证。结果表明,此种学习方法速度快、拟合精度高、新旧知识均可记忆,克服了以往算法的不足,具有很大的实用性。     

载波干涉法及其在物体离面转角测量上的应用

从光干涉和载波的原理出发，利用载波、调制、解调这三步对变形物体的离面转角进行测量，在理论上对该法进行了探讨、推导，阐述了其光路简单、灵敏度高等特点     

基于MATLAB的空间7R机构位置分析的新方法

利用向量回转法和MATLAB软件对空间7R机构位置问题进行了分析研究，确定了各杆长和副长方向的单位向量，列出了机构的向量封闭方程，以及各杆位置方程；调用MATLAB矩阵运算函数和解非线性方程组函数，解出了其他各杆的位置与主动件输入角度的关系，以及任何一杆上任意点的空间轨迹，并利用绘图函数表达各杆的位置曲线及任意点的轨迹。实例分析证明所提出的方法是可靠的。     

控制系统的优化设计方法：直接结构参数法

本文介绍一种控制系统优化设计的方法——直接结构参数法。此方法与传统的优化设计方法不同,它把目标函数的计算建立在结构框图仿真方法之上,可以对某些具体结构参数寻优。文中给出了优化算法的数学描述;给出了寻优程序框图。最后以恒压泵变量机构为实例,对YB-20AH型柱塞式恒压主量泵变量机构进行了寻优设计,并取得了良好的效果。     

齿盘式秸秆移位装置设计与试验

针对江苏地区油菜免耕播种机作业时存在易堵塞、种床清洁率低等问题,设计一种齿盘式秸秆移位装置,通过运动力学分析确定秸秆移位的重要影响因素,使用离散元仿真软件进行仿真试验,得出秸秆移位装置工作时的最佳参数组合,最后进行台架试验验证仿真试验准确性。仿真试验结果表明秸秆清除率与位移偏角以及前进速度均呈现正相关的关系,当前进速度一定时,位移偏角越大,装置的秸秆清除效果越好;当位移偏角一定时,前进速度越大,装置的秸秆清除效果越好。当前进速度为0.6 m/s、位移偏角为30°时,秸秆清除率达到最大值64.70%。台架验证试验表明,当机具前进速度为0.6 m/s、齿盘位移偏角为30°时秸秆清除效果较好,此时秸秆清除率为60.69%。试验结果表明齿盘式秸秆移位装置的设计基本满足油菜播种的要求。     

大蒜仿形浮动切根机构运动特性分析与仿真

为深入研究大蒜仿形浮动切根机构作业机理,进一步提升仿形浮动切根作业质量,开展切根机构仿形浮动作业过程运动学解析,构建切根机构浮动位移量数学模型、回转切刀刃口轨迹曲面数学模型、切刀刃口切割速度数学模型,探明切根机构结构参数和运动参数对仿形浮动切根作业过程的影响;同时,通过ADAMS虚拟样机仿真试验,获取切刀运动轨迹曲线、时间—切割速度曲线和位移—切割速度曲线,分析不同切刀转速、切刀数量、刃口位置点、切刀位移等对切割次数、漏切区、切刀运动轨迹、切割速度的影响。研究结果表明,通过合理设置切根机构结构参数和运动参数,可有效实现机构的仿形浮动切割作业,提升切根作业效果;当蒜株输送速度为1 m/s、切刀倾斜角度为33°、回转切刀转速为2 600 r/min时,根盘处的根系被单个切刀刃口旋转最高点的切割次数可达到2次,且漏切区面积很小;当蒜株输送速度为1 m/s、切刀倾斜角度为33°、回转切刀转速为1 000 r/min、切刀数量为4片时,根盘处的根系被所有切刀的刃口旋转最高点的切割次数为2次,且漏切区面积很小。该研究可为大蒜联合收获仿形浮动切根作业机理研究和机构优化提供理论参考。     

Case series: Persistent dorsal displacement of the soft palate in eight horses

Persistent dorsal displacement of the soft palate (pDDSP) is a relatively rare equine disorder. This case series reports histories and clinical findings in 8 cases of pDDSP, and outcome after treatment of concurrent epiglottic entrapment (n = 3), laryngeal tie‐forward (n = 6) ± laser staphylectomy (n = 2), and/or sectioning of mucosa ventral to the epiglottis and the hyoepiglotticus muscles (n = 2). Four of 6 horses that underwent tie‐forward ± laser staphylectomy had complete resolution of pDDSP and returned to their previous level of work, as did one horse that had a subepiglottic releasing incision. Correction of concurrent epiglottic entrapment in 3 horses with pDDSP did not result in resolution of pDDSP in any case. Previous laryngeal surgery including laryngoplasty and ventriculocordectomy appear to be risk factors for the development of pDDSP.     

Radiographic and radiological assessment of laminitis

Radiographic studies are an essential component in evaluation of horses with laminitis. The standard radiographs that should be obtained to aid assessment of horses with laminitis are the lateromedial, horizontal dorsopalmar and dorsal 45° proximal palmarodistal oblique views. This article will summarise the assessment of these 3 projections in the laminitic horse as well as discuss the prognostic significance of common radiological abnormalities in horses with laminitis.