齿盘式秸秆移位装置设计与试验

针对江苏地区油菜免耕播种机作业时存在易堵塞、种床清洁率低等问题，设计一种齿盘式秸秆移位装置，通过运动力学分析确定秸秆移位的重要影响因素，使用离散元仿真软件进行仿真试验，得出秸秆移位装置工作时的最佳参数组合，最后进行台架试验验证仿真试验准确性。仿真试验结果表明秸秆清除率与位移偏角以及前进速度均呈现正相关的关系，当前进速度一定时，位移偏角越大，装置的秸秆清除效果越好；当位移偏角一定时，前进速度越大，装置的秸秆清除效果越好。当前进速度为0.6 m/s、位移偏角为30°时，秸秆清除率达到最大值64.70%。台架验证试验表明，当机具前进速度为0.6 m/s、齿盘位移偏角为30°时秸秆清除效果较好，此时秸秆清除率为60.69%。试验结果表明齿盘式秸秆移位装置的设计基本满足油菜播种的要求。

Design and test of a toothed tray type straw shifting device

Aiming at the problems of clogging and low seedbed cleaning rate of rapeseed no tillage planters in Jiangsu area, a toothed tray type straw shifting device was redesigned. The important influencing factors of straw shifting were determined through kinematics analysis, and discrete element simulation was used. The software performs a simulation test to obtain the best parameter combination when the straw shifting device is working and performs a bench test to verify the accuracy of the simulation test. The simulation test results showed that the straw removal rate was positively correlated with the displacement deflection angle and the forward speed. When the forward speed was constant, the greater the displacement deflection angle, the better the straw removal effect of the device. When the displacement deflection angle was constant, the higher the forward speed,the better was the straw removal effect of the device. When the forward speed was 0.6 m/s, and the displacement angle was 30°, and the straw removal rate reached the maximum value of 64.70%. The bench verification test showed that the straw removal effect was better when the forward speed of the machine was 0.6 m/s, and the displacement angle of the gear plate was 30°. At this time, the straw removal rate was 6069%. The test results showed that the design of the toothed tray straw shifting device met the requirements of rape seeding.