猫传染性腹膜炎病毒N蛋白在昆虫细胞-杆状病毒系统中的表达与鉴定

本研究旨在利用昆虫细胞-杆状病毒表达系统表达猫传染性腹膜炎病毒(Feline infectious peritonitis virus,FIPV)N蛋白,并制备抗该蛋白的多克隆抗体,用于FIPV临床抗原/抗体诊断及N蛋白功能研究。参考GenBank中FIPV的N基因序列,选择FIPV毒株N基因(登录号:KC461235.1),并对该N基因进行密码子优化、基因合成,酶切后将N基因连接至pFastBac1载体,转化大肠杆菌DH5α感受态细胞,经氨苄西林抗性筛选阳性克隆,提取质粒经酶切及测序鉴定正确后,转化大肠杆菌DH10Bac感受态细胞,经蓝白斑筛选及PCR鉴定后,最终成功构建重组杆状病毒质粒Bacmid-N,转染Sf9细胞包装杆状病毒,于28℃温箱培养4 d后收集感染Sf9细胞上清,并通过镍离子亲和层析纯化获得重组N蛋白。经SDS-PAGE及Western blotting鉴定结果表明,本研究成功利用昆虫细胞-杆状病毒表达系统表达出大小约为51 ku的FIPV重组N蛋白。将该蛋白与弗氏佐剂按一定比例混合后,免疫6周龄BALB/c小鼠。用间接ELISA方法检测小鼠血清抗体效价可达1∶102400;利用Western blotting和间接免疫荧光试验对N蛋白多克隆抗体进行检测分析,结果表明,真核表达的重组蛋白免疫原性良好,多克隆抗体具有良好的反应原性,可特异识别FIPV感染细胞。本研究为FIPV抗原/抗体诊断试剂盒的研发奠定了基础。     

猫传染性腹膜炎病毒N蛋白在昆虫细胞-杆状病毒系统中的表达与鉴定

本研究旨在利用昆虫细胞-杆状病毒表达系统表达猫传染性腹膜炎病毒（Feline infectious peritonitis virus,FIPV）N蛋白,并制备抗该蛋白的多克隆抗体,用于FIPV临床抗原/抗体诊断及N蛋白功能研究。参考GenBank中FIPV的N基因序列,选择FIPV毒株N基因（登录号：KC461235.1）,并对该N基因进行密码子优化、基因合成,酶切后将N基因连接至pFastBac1载体,转化大肠杆菌DH5α感受态细胞,经氨苄西林抗性筛选阳性克隆,提取质粒经酶切及测序鉴定正确后,转化大肠杆菌DH10Bac感受态细胞,经蓝白斑筛选及PCR鉴定后,最终成功构建重组杆状病毒质粒Bacmid-N,转染Sf9细胞包装杆状病毒,于28 ℃温箱培养4 d后收集感染Sf9细胞上清,并通过镍离子亲和层析纯化获得重组N蛋白。经SDS-PAGE及Western blotting鉴定结果表明,本研究成功利用昆虫细胞-杆状病毒表达系统表达出大小约为51 ku的FIPV重组N蛋白。将该蛋白与弗氏佐剂按一定比例混合后,免疫6周龄BALB/c小鼠。用间接ELISA方法检测小鼠血清抗体效价可达1：102 400;利用Western blotting和间接免疫荧光试验对N蛋白多克隆抗体进行检测分析,结果表明,真核表达的重组蛋白免疫原性良好,多克隆抗体具有良好的反应原性,可特异识别FIPV感染细胞。本研究为FIPV抗原/抗体诊断试剂盒的研发奠定了基础。     

基于N蛋白的牛冠状病毒抗体间接ELISA检测方法的建立与应用

为建立牛冠状病毒(Bovine coronavirus,BCoV)抗体间接ELISA检测方法,对BCoV的N基因进行克隆,利用原核表达制备重组N蛋白,以纯化的重组N蛋白作为包被抗原,建立ELISA检测方法,并对随机收集的奶牛血清样本进行检测.结果显示,重组N蛋白大小为50 ku,经Western blot鉴定重组N蛋白...     

美洲型与欧洲型PRRSV特异N蛋白抗原表位基因表达及其产物的纯化

对原核中以包涵体形式高效表达的美洲型与欧洲型PRRSV特异N蛋白抗原表位区段进行了变性、复性与纯化研究。将美洲型PRRSV重组质粒pGEX-6P-1-N转化入E.coliBL21(DE3)细胞中,成功表达了重组蛋白GST-N,超声裂解复性后目的蛋白经GSTrap FF纯化试剂盒纯化后,纯度可达90%以上。将欧洲型PRRSV重组质粒PQE30-N转化入E.coliM15细胞中表达了重组蛋白His-N。超声裂解后目的蛋白经HisTrapHP蛋白纯化试剂盒纯化后,纯度可达95%以上。Western blot结果表明,两种蛋白分别被美洲型和欧洲型PRRSV阳性血清识别。纯化出的大量美洲型与欧洲型PRRSV特异N蛋白抗原表位区段,为PRRSV的鉴别诊断提供了抗原基础。     

禽流感病毒A/duck/Fujian/31/2007(H5N1)株M1 基质蛋白的原核表达与免疫原性鉴定

经生物学软件DNAStar分析,参照已发表的禽流感病毒(avian influenza virus,AIV)(H5N1)基因组序列,设计合成1对特异性引物,RT-PCR扩增了长约750 bp的M1基因片段,将目的片段定向克隆至pET30a表达载体,经酶切及测序鉴定正确后转化BL21表达菌,经IPTG诱导获得以包涵体形式表达的重组蛋白。将重组蛋白变性、纯化和复性后,BCA法测定纯化蛋白的浓度为0.656 mg/mL,免疫印迹检测结果表明,纯化的重组蛋白具有良好的反应活性。将纯化蛋白免疫BALB/c小鼠,间接ELISA检测结果表明,重组蛋白可产生抗M1蛋白特异性抗体,具有良好的免疫原性。本研究成功表达了流感病毒H5N1的基质蛋白M1,且重组蛋白具有良好的免疫原性,为进一步研制H5N1亚型流感病毒诊断试剂及基因工程疫苗奠定基础。     

猪传染性胃肠炎病毒山东分离株SD-LY6的N蛋白基因序列分析及其表达纯化

为了获得能够用于猪传染性胃肠炎(TGE)鉴别诊断的抗原蛋白,本研究以猪传染性胃肠炎病毒(TGEV)山东分离株SD-LY6核衣壳蛋白(N)基因为研究对象,对其进行引物设计并进行RT-PCR扩增,经克隆测序后对N蛋白基因序列进行分析;同时对N蛋白基因进行克隆,构建重组质粒pET-15b-TGEV-N,并进行IPTG诱导表达及纯化,利用SDS-PAGE和Western-blot进行检测。研究表明,TGEV SD-LY6株N蛋白基因序列高度保守,核苷酸以及氨基酸序列同源性均在97. 0%以上;获得了大小约为47 ku的纯化重组N蛋白,该重组N蛋白可以与猪传染性胃肠炎阳性血清发生特异性反应,具有较好的反应原性,与无关血清样本无交叉反应,可以作为TGE的诊断抗原,为下一步高效快速诊断方法的研究提供坚实的基础。     

水泡性口炎病毒N蛋白原核表达及免疫原性分析

本研究旨在克隆和表达水泡性口炎病毒（vesicular stomatitis virus,VSV）特异性抗原N蛋白,进而纯化并分析其免疫原性。根据GenBank中已发表的VSV基因组N基因序列,分别合成VSV两种不同血清型的N基因,经序列对比分析后,设计合成1对特异性引物,PCR扩增获得约1 300 bp的N基因片段,将目的片段亚克隆至pCold Ⅰ原核表达载体中,经IPTG诱导表达后,采用Ni-NTA树脂亲和层析法纯化重组N蛋白。SDS-PAGE分析表明,N基因在大肠杆菌中得到表达,蛋白大小约为50 ku;Western blotting检测结果表明,该重组蛋白与VSV多克隆抗体发生特异性反应。本试验成功构建了VSV-IND和VSV-NJ的原核表达载体,实现了N蛋白在大肠杆菌中的可溶性表达,纯化后的重组蛋白具有良好的免疫原性。     

犬瘟热病毒重组核蛋白间接ELISA方法的建立

将已构建成功的重组质粒pGEX-4T-1-N转化大肠杆菌BL21株,在最佳诱导条件下获得犬瘟热病毒(CDV)重组N蛋白。将表达产物纯化后进行SDS-PAGE和W estern-b lot分析,与CDV标准阳性血清呈阳性反应。本研究初步建立了以纯化的N蛋白为包被抗原的间接ELISA检测方法,经初步试验证实,该方法敏感、特异。试验结果表明,大肠杆菌中表达的CDV N蛋白在免疫原性上与天然核衣壳蛋白具有较高相似性,可作为诊断用抗原。     

赤羽病病毒N蛋白单克隆抗体的制备

为制备赤羽病病毒(AKAV)N蛋白的单克隆抗体(MAb),本实验利用原核表达系统表达、纯化的重组N蛋白免疫BALB/c小鼠,三免后取小鼠脾淋巴细胞与SP2/0细胞融合,并以纯化的重组N蛋白为包被抗原,通过间接ELISA筛选出1株稳定分泌抗AKAV N蛋白的MAb杂交瘤细胞株IIG5,检测结果显示IIG5为IgG1/κ链。间接免疫荧光结果显示,IIG5与AKAV感染细胞呈阳性反应,与茨城病病毒、中山病病毒以及蓝舌病病毒1型均呈阴性反应,特异性较好。Western blot结果显示,IIG5能够识别重组的以及AKAV感染细胞中的N蛋白。本研究结果为AKAV检测方法的建立及相关研究奠定基础。     

PRRSV重组N蛋白的抗原性分析及其特异性抗体制备

利用大肠杆菌表达技术和亲和层析法纯化出重组PRRSV N蛋白 ,用间接ELISA法和Western blot分析 ,证明其具有较好的抗原性。将该纯化蛋白采用大剂量长程免疫法免疫家兔 ,制备了兔抗重组N蛋白抗体 ,用Western blot分析和竞争抑制试验证明其具有很高的特异性 ,ELISA效价达 1∶32 0 0以上。     

Vaccine efficacy of a cell lysate with recombinant baculovirus-expressed feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) virus nucleocapsid protein against progression of FIP

The Type II feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV) infection of feline macrophages is enhanced by a monoclonal antibody (MAb) to the S protein of FIPV. This antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) activity increased with the MAb that showed a neutralizing activity with feline kidney cells, suggesting that there was a distinct correlation between ADE activity and the neutralizing activity. The close association between enhancing and neutralizing epitopes is an obstacle to developing a vaccine containing only neutralizing epitopes without enhancing epitopes. In this study, we immunized cats with cell lysate with recombinant baculovirus-expressed N protein of the Type I FIPV strain KU-2 with an adjuvant and investigated its preventive effect on the progression of FIP. Cats immunized with this vaccine produced antibodies against FIPV virion-derived N protein but did not produce virus-neutralizing antibodies. A delayed type hypersensitivity skin response to N protein was observed in these vaccinated cats, showing that cell mediated immunity against the FIPV antigen was induced. When these vaccinated cats were challenged with a high dose of heterologous FIPV, the survival rate was 75% (6/8), while the survival rate in the control group immunized with SF-9 cell-derived antigen was 12.5% (1/8). This study showed that immunization with the cell lysate with baculovirus-expressed N protein was effective in preventing the progression of FIP without inducing ADE of FIPV infection in cats.     

仙台病毒核蛋白的原核表达及鉴定

本研究从一株鼠仙台病毒（Sendai virus,SeV）中扩增获得核蛋白（nucleocapsid protein,NP）基因,将其克隆入pET32a（＋）中,转化大肠杆菌BL21（DE3）中诱导表达。将原核表达产物作为免疫原,免疫BALB/C小鼠,制备获得抗NP的特异性多抗,经间接免疫荧光法和Western blot法检测,该表达产物原具有良好的免疫原性。将该产物纯化作为包被抗原,建立了一种检测SeV感染的间接ELISA方法。通过H1N1流感病毒、H9N2流感病毒、新城疫病毒阳性血清进行交叉试验表明：该间接ELISA方法有很好的特异性。这为实验动物仙台病毒抗体的检测提供了一种快速、简便的血清学诊断方法。     

Selection of antigenic variants of the S glycoprotein of feline infectious peritonitis virus and analysis of antigenic sites involved in neutralization.

The type II feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV) epitopes for neutralizing and enhancing antibodies are present on large spike glycoprotein (S) protein. In this study, we established monoclonal antibody-resistant mutant viruses resistant to three different monoclonal antibodies with neutralizing activity in Felis catus whole fetus cells and enhancing activity in feline macrophages, recognizing distinct epitopes on type II FIPV S protein. By comparing the nucleotide sequences of these mutant viruses with that of wild-type virus, we attempted to identify the neutralizing epitopes. The mutations were localized in the region of amino acid residues from 480 to 649 from the N terminal of the S protein.     

Modified vaccinia virus Ankara as a vaccine against feline coronavirus: immunogenicity and efficacy

Feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV) is a coronavirus that induces a fatal systemic disease mediated by an inappropriate immune response. Most previous vaccination attempts against FIPV were unsuccessful because IgG antibodies against the surface protein enhance the infection. However, two studies have shown that poxvirus vectors (vaccinia WR and canarypox) expressing only the FIPV membrane (M) protein can elicit a partially protective immunity which is supposed to be cell-mediated (Virology 181 (1991) 327; International patent WO 97/20054 (1997)). In our study, we report the construction of another poxvirus, the modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA), as an expression vector for the FIPV M protein. In this vector, the M gene has been inserted downstream a strong early/late promoter, whereas the two previously described poxviruses expressed the M protein during their early stage only. The immunogenicity of the recombinant MVA-M was evaluated in the murine model which revealed an effect of the vector on the Th1/Th2 balance. The vaccine was then tested in cats to evaluate its efficacy in an FIPV 79-1146 challenge. Vaccinated kittens developed FIPV-specific antibodies after immunization, however, none of them was protected against FIPV. Our results suggest a crucial role for the type of poxviral promoter that must be used to induce an effective immune response against FIPV.     

Antigenic analysis of feline coronaviruses with monoclonal antibodies (MAbs): preparation of MAbs which discriminate between FIPV strain 79-1146 and FECV strain 79-1683.

We prepared 31 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against either FIPV strain 79-1146 or FECV strain 79-1683, and tested them for reactivity with various coronaviruses by indirect fluorescent antibody assay (IFA). Sixteen MAbs which reacted with all of the 11 strains of feline coronaviruses, also reacted with canine coronavirus (CCV) and transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV). In many of them, the polypeptide specificity was the recognition of transmembrane (E1) protein of the virus. We succeeded in obtaining MAbs which did not react with eight strains of FIPV Type I viruses (showing cell-associated growth) but reacted with FIPV Type II (79-1146, KU-1) and/or FECV Type II (79-1683) (showing non-cell associated growth). These MAbs also reacted with CCV or TGEV. These MAbs recognized peplomer (E2) glycoprotein, and many antigenic differences were found in this E2 protein. These results suggest that FIPV Type II and FECV Type II viruses are antigenically closer to TGEV or CCV than to FIPV Type I viruses. Furthermore, the MAb prepared in this study has enabled discrimination between FIPV strain 79-1146 and FECV strain 79-1683, which was thought to be impossible by the previous serological method.     

Identification of viral antigens that induce antibody responses on exposure to coronaviruses

Various techniques were used to look for protective, non-cross-reactive antibodies in the sera of cats exposed to virulent feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV). Antibodies reactive with feline enteric coronavirus (FECV) from FIPV-exposed cats were adsorbed by several passages over an FECV-Sepharose column. In an ELISA against FECV and FIPV, the activity against both viruses was removed at the same rate; thus, no FIPV-specific antibodies could be identified. By gel electrophoresis-derived ELISA, the responses of cats surviving FIPV exposure were compared with those of cats succumbing to FIPV exposure to determine whether survival could be correlated with an antibody response against a particular virus protein. Results indicated that both groups responded in the same way to the matrix envelope protein and nucleocapsid proteins. Even though the response to peplomer in each group was weak, the survivor group responded better to this protein. Furthermore, the response of this group to the peplomer protein had the highest correlation with virus neutralization titer.     

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒重组N蛋白间接ELISA检测方法的建立及应用

为建立一种敏感、特异、快速的猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（PRRSV）抗体检测方法,本研究利用原核表达技术表达了PRRSV N蛋白,亲和层析纯化后作为包被抗原,通过对各反应条件优化选择,建立了PRRSV血清抗体的间接ELISA检测方法,并进行了交叉反应和重复性试验,以及同类成品试剂盒间的应用效果对比试验。最终确定了抗原包被最佳浓度为2 μg/mL,血清最佳稀释度为1∶100,血清及酶标二抗孵育时间均为30 min,显色时间为10 min,检测猪瘟病毒、猪圆环病毒、猪伪狂犬病病毒等5种常见猪病病原的阳性血清均为阴性;该ELISA检测方法批内和批间重复性的变异系数均小于10%;与商品化ELISA试剂盒效果比较显示符合率为94.7%。本研究建立的间接ELISA方法将为猪群感染野毒PRRSV后的快速诊断及流行病学调查提供一种简便易行、快速高效的血清学抗体检测方法。     

Establishment and Application of an Indirect ELISA with Recombinant N Protein of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus

To establish a sensitive,specific and efficient method of antibody detection for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus（PRRSV),PRRSV N protein was expressed through prokaryotic expression system and purified by affinity chromatography to act as a coating antigen.Then an indirect ELISA detection method for serum PRRSV antibody was finally set up after the optimization of reaction conditions.Besides,the research also involved cross reaction,repeated experiments,and comparison with other ELISA kits.It was determined that the optimum concentration of coating antigen was 2 μg/mL and that the dilution ratio for serum was 1:100,with 30 min of incubation and 10 min of chromogenic reaction.With this method,positive serum samples of five common swine pathogens,including classical swine fever virus（CSFV),porcine circovirus（PCV）and porcine pseudorabies virus（PRV）and so on,were tested,and the results were negative.Both intra-assay and inter-assay coefficients of variation were below 10%,and the comparison with commercial ELISA kits indicated that its accuracy was 94.7%.So this indirect ELISA,which had been established in this research,could provide a rapid diagnosis for swine infected by wild PRRSV and applied in epidemiological investigation,as a convenient and efficient serological antibody detection method.