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技术贸易壁垒对我国水产品进出口贸易的影响与对策分析 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
本文在对我国水产品的出口市场进行比较分析的基础上,就我国水产品主要出口国(地区)设置的技术贸易壁垒进行了深入研究,指出在我国加入WTO且水产品出口保持强势增长的情况下,进口国采取配额、关税等歧视性政策会相应减少,而会代之以技术法规、技术标准、认证制度、检验制度、卫生检疫标准等种种形式出现的技术贸易壁垒来限制我国水产品的出口。技术贸易壁垒已使我国水产品出口遭受重创,且扩散效应显著,原因既有国外水产技术标准的歧视性因素,也有我国水产品质量安全水平不高,品牌意识薄弱以及我国水产标准化水平与发达国家差距较大等客观因素。并就此提出我国水产品出口应对国外技术贸易壁垒的三大对策。 相似文献
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近年来,美国、欧盟、日本等主要水产品进口国对进口食品设置了非常苛刻的检验标准,尤其是对水产品中农兽药残留要求更加严格,使我国水产品出口遭遇了更多的技术贸易壁垒。随着我国水产品的养殖规模逐年扩大和出口数量的不断增加,我国水产品养殖业也面临着新的更严峻的挑战。笔者试图针对国外的农兽药控制的要求,结合我国部分地区水产品养殖的现状,分析可能会造成水产品农兽药残留的内外环境因素,从净化水产养殖小环境着手,提出了一些出境水产品养殖场农兽药残留控制的措施。 相似文献
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国际农业标准及其衍生的技术壁垒对我国水产品进出口贸易的影响与对策分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文在对我国水产品的出口市场进行比较分析的基础上,就我国水产品主要出口国(地区)设置的技术贸易壁垒进行了深入研究,指出在我国加入WTO且水产品出口保持强势增长的情况下,进口国采取配额、关税等歧视性政策会相应减少,而会代之以技术法规、技术标准、认证制度、检验制度、卫生检疫标准等种种形式出现的技术贸易壁垒来限制我国水产品的出口。技术贸易壁垒已使我国水产品出口遭受重创,且扩散效应显著,原因既有国外水产技术标准的歧视性因素,也有我国水产品质量安全水平不高,品牌意识薄弱以及我国水产标准化水平与发达国家差距较大等客观因素。并就此提出我国水产品出口应对国外技术贸易壁垒的三大对策:1、提高我国水产品质量,树立我国水产品品牌;2、建立健全我国水产技术法规与标准体系,完善认证制度;3、充分利用WTO的TBT协议应对国外歧视性的技术性贸易壁垒。 相似文献
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水产养殖用药与水产品质量安全 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
目前,在我国影响养殖水产品质量安全问题的诸多因素中,药物残留超标居首位,已成为养殖水产品出口技术性贸易壁垒的主要手段.本文重点介绍了我国水产养殖用药种类概况,指出我国水产养殖用药中存在的问题,分析了水产品中药物残留的危害,同时还对比了中外水产品中药物残留限量,给出了水产养殖规范用药,减少水产品药物残留的对策. 相似文献
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中国主要水产品出口国的技术性贸易壁垒浅析 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
中国水产品出口主要集中在日本、美国、欧盟和韩国四个市场上,近年来,这四大市场大约占到了85%左右。同时,这些国家基本上都对进口水产品制定了严格的技术性标准,我国的水产品不可避免地要受到这些国家的技术性贸易壁垒的限制。文章介绍了我国遭受的技术性贸易壁垒的总体状况和日本、美国、欧盟以及韩国的技术性贸易壁垒概况,同时也介绍了这些国家对我国水产品贸易造成的影响。 相似文献
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近几年,由于水产养殖滥用药物问题日益突出,药物残留已成为制约我国水产品出口的重要因素。为解决这一问题,提高我国养殖水产品质量安全水平,进一步扩大水产品出口贸易,有必要从分析研究我国主要水产品出口国家水产养殖用药规定入手,从中汲取有用的信息和资料,为建立和完善我国水产养殖用药技术法规提供参考,从而进一步规范水产养殖用药,确保药物残留符合规定要求。为此,农业部渔业局组织全国水产标准化技术委员会翻译了《日本渔用药物使用指南》(以下简称《指南》)。《指南》是日本指导本国水产养殖安全用药的准则,其内容丰富,针对性、实用… 相似文献
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中国主要水产品出口国的技术性贸易壁垒浅析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
2005年中国水产品出口总额78.88亿美元,比去年同期增长13.2%,出口数量为315.3万吨,同比增长12.4%。中国水产品出口主要集中在日本、美国、欧盟和韩国四个市场上,2005年国际市场依然特别其中,这四大市场占到了85%左右。但同时,这些国家基本上都对进口水产品制定了严格的技术性标准,我国的水产品不可避免地要受到这些国家的技术性贸易壁垒的限制。本文将针对这四个国家,逐一分析其水产品技术性贸易壁垒概况及对我国水产品贸易的影响。 相似文献
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本文综述了重金属砷在海产品中的存在形态及其与食品安全的关系,讨论砷对几种经济贝类的生理生化影响。海水中砷含量的规定是≤0.03mg/L,对比目前国内标准中涉及到砷在贝类的限值发现,海洋贝类的无机砷限值在≤0.5mg/kg—lmg/kg,并且发现不同的标准规定值不一样。重金属对贝类的危害描述方法研究上,目前国内采用的研究方法基本上都是来源于双箱模型,其他的例如全封闭的双箱循环水模型、静态水模型、半静态循环水模型都是在双箱模型的基础上加以改进创立的。笔者建议应加强重金属对魁蚶的危害描述研究,不但可以积极应对国际上的技术性贸易壁垒,还可以为扩展我国在贝类与重金属关系领域的研究。 相似文献
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Madan M. Dey M. A. Rab K. M. Jahan A. Nisapa A. Kumar M. Ahmed 《Aquaculture Economics & Management (Blackwell Science)》2013,17(1-2):217-236
ABSTRACT Developing Asian countries continue to record an impressive trade surplus in fish products. However, raising consumer concerns about a range of food safety matters and increasingly stringent regulatory standards related to fish product supply pose on-going challenges to the sustained international market access of many developing country suppliers. This paper provides an overview of emerging trade patterns in fish products and the trade regime in which this is occurring. It then reviews the implementation of various food safety standards on fish and seafood exports in the major fish-exporting countries in Asia, and analyzes the costs and benefits of compliance with these standards and regulations in these countries. Results show that, at the factory level, implementation of the standards has significantly increased the cost of processing, and the cost per unit of fish processed is higher for the smaller plants. These economies of scale could exclude small operators in developing countries. Continued competitiveness of small plants would seem to require government policies and support designed to minimize the cost of compliance with international standards. 相似文献
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我国加入世界贸易组织在即,水产品贸易和流通将成为我国水产经济的主要研究领域,对渔业经济和管理将会产生一定的影响。本文分析了福建省1999-2000年不同水产品的贸易特征、与主要贸易国的贸易量、比较分析了不同进出口水产品的平均价格,得到了有一定参考价值的数据和资料。 相似文献
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Frode Alfnes Xianwen Chen Kyrre Rickertsen 《Aquaculture Economics & Management (Blackwell Science)》2018,22(1):1-26
Food labels help consumers choose products in line with their food attitudes and preferences. As the market for farmed seafood grows, it is important for producers to meet consumer demand for credence characteristics like safety, nutrition, origin, and sustainability. Consumer preferences for credence characteristics are heterogeneous, and stakeholders in the farmed seafood industry can look to both agriculture and marine labels when they seek ways of positioning their products. In this article, we conduct a review of consumer studies related to mandatory and voluntary labels used for farmed seafood. In most developed countries, mandatory seafood labels include information about species, farmed or wild, and area of origin. Voluntary labels include information regarding sustainability, organic production, animal welfare, traceability, and safety. We point to emerging research topics and possibilities. Challenges related to the labeling of farmed seafood are also discussed. 相似文献
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由于人类的过度捕捞以及环境污染问题,海洋生态系统遭受了极大的破坏,海洋渔业的可持续发展面临诸多挑战。为了满足市场的需求,发达国家投入大量资金进行人造海鲜的研究。人造海鲜肉主要分为两种,一种是从植物中提取优质蛋白、脂肪、色素等合成的植物基海鲜肉,另一种是通过获取海洋生物的干细胞增殖分化而来的培养海鲜肉。通过研究发现,干细胞培养而来的海鲜肉在口感和风味上更接近真实肉。目前人造海鲜肉需要较高的技术要求和生产成本,且生产出来的产品在口感上与真实肉存在较大差异。本文对两种来源的人造海鲜肉进行了总结,分析了人造海鲜制作过程中重点关注的问题,关注了3D打印技术在食品行业中的应用,以期能够为我国人造肉在海鲜产品中的研究应用提供参考。 相似文献
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The role of corporate social responsibility in creating a Seussian world of seafood sustainability 下载免费PDF全文
Megan Bailey Helen Packer Laurenne Schiller Michael Tlusty Wilf Swartz 《Fish and Fisheries》2018,19(5):782-790
Approaches to counter the overfishing and aquaculture production crisis include those imposed by public governing bodies, as well as those implemented by businesses and non‐governmental organizations (NGOs). In the case of the latter, private actors govern fisheries consumption and production through corporate social responsibility (CSR). In this contribution, we focus on three key tools that businesses are increasingly turning towards in an effort to meet the one particular CSR goal of sustainable seafood sourcing. In this context, the key tools of certifications, fisheries improvement projects (FIPs) and traceability are reviewed, and their potential as well as limits in contributing to continual improvement in pursuit of global seafood sustainability are analyzed. We argue that seafood CSR has created its own whimsical and fantastical world, a Seussian world, in which company image has become more important than sustainability performance. We posit four important barriers that must be overcome to bring seafood CSR back to reality. Specifically, we suggest moving away from the business case for CSR, reducing accessibility barriers for small‐scale and developing world fisheries, reconciling different labels and sustainability concepts, and better recognizing the imperative role of the state in governing fisheries and seafood. 相似文献
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Reg A Watson Bridget S Green Sean R Tracey Anna Farmery Tony J Pitcher 《Fish and Fisheries》2016,17(3):585-595
Knowing where and how seafood is caught or farmed is central to empowering consumers, and the importers that supply them, with informed choices. Given the wide‐ranging, complex and at times commercially sensitive nature of global seafood trade, it can prove very challenging to link imported seafood with information about its provenance. The databases involved are incomplete, at times vague and not harmonized. Here, we present a first attempt to link all global seafood imports through a virtual marketplace to exports and map their origins. Considerable work remains to ground‐truth the specific origins of all seafood commodities. We illustrate the flow of seafood and its evolution since the 1970s when supporting records began. This work allows the impact of fishing or marine farming to be associated with seafood imports. 相似文献