3种野生茄和1个栽培茄的核型分析

分析3种野生茄和1个栽培茄品种染色体核型.结果表明:所有供试材料的染色体数目均为2n=24,核型类型均为"2A"型:染色体主要由中部着丝点和近中部着丝点染色体组成,属较对称核型.但它们的核型也具有明显差异, "04E28"的核型公式为2n=16m+6sm+2st,核不对称系数60.20%;04E42的核型公式为2n=14m+8sm+2T,核不对称系数65.91%;07E67的核型公式为2n=18m+6sm,核不对称系数59.68%;栽培品种.04E08"的核型公式为2n=22m+2sm.核不对称系数58.59%.     

16个红掌品种的核型分析

采用常规压片的方法制备16个红掌品种的染色体标本,并进行核型分析。结果表明:16个红掌品种的染色体数目比较恒定,均为2n=2x=30。染色体主要由m染色体(中部着丝点区染色体)和sm染色体(亚中部着丝点区染色体)组成;最长染色体与最短染色体之比为1.83~3.07,平均臂比为1.95~2.29,臂比大于2的比例为43%~83%,核型不对称系数(As.K)为64.04%~68.17%,从核型类型来看,主要集中在2B型和3B型,只有‘紫公主’为1A型。从核型分类上看,这些种类都属于较对称的类型。     

一种广东野生蕉的染色体分析

分析九龙山野生蕉(M.balbisiana)的染色体数目、核型及核型模式图。结果表明:其核型类型为"2A"型,染色体主要由中部着丝点染色体组成,核型公式为:K(2n)=22=18m+4sm(2SAT),几乎对称,为较原始类型。并结合核型数据讨论其分类地位。     

鹤蕉属植物8个品种间的核型比较分析

采用染色体压片技术对鹤蕉属植物8个品种的染色体数和核型进行研究。结果表明,8个品种的染色体数目均为24条,各品种的核型分别为:多毛鹤蕉2n=2x=24=24m,凯西鹤蕉2n=2x=24=10m+14sm,光辉鹤蕉2n=2x=24=10m+14sm,火鸟鹤蕉2n=2x=24=12m+12sm,艳红鹤蕉2n=2x=24=16m+8sm,佩德罗鹤蕉2n=2x=24=10m+14sm,绿嘴垂鸟鹤蕉2n=2x=24=10m+14sm,札昆利鹤蕉2n=2x=24=2m+22sm;多毛鹤蕉、凯西鹤蕉和火鸟鹤蕉的核型类型为"1B"型,其他5个品种为"2B"型。     

小葱(Allium ascalonicum L.)的染色体多态性研究

对小葱一个种群的38个个体进行染色体计数和核型分析。共发现5种核型,除核型具有多态性外,笔者还发现非整倍体和B染色体。在这一种群中,3个个体的染色体组型是2n=2x=12m+2sm+2st(2SAT),17个个体的染色体组型是2n=2x=14m+2st(2SAT),7个个体的染色体组型是2n=2x=12m+2sm+2st+1B,5个个体的染色体组型是2n=13m+2st(2SAT),6个个体的染色体组型是2n=10m+2m(2SAT)+2sm+1st。并对小葱染色体多态性的成因进行讨论。     

大麦和玉米染色体去壁低渗法制片及其核型分析

运用去壁低渗火焰干燥法制备大麦和玉米染色体片,然后对玉米、大麦的染色体核型进行研究.结果表明:该法使细胞质残留较少和染色体更分散,为细胞学研究提供清晰度高的染色体制片;通过核型分析得到,大麦根尖细胞染色体数目为2n=14,核型公式为2n=2x=14=12m(2SAT)+2sm(2SAT),玉米根尖细胞染色体数目为2n=20,其核型公式为2n=20=12m+8sm(2eats).     

四种人参属药用植物的核型分析

以四种人参属药用植物组培材料为试材,采用常规压片法对人参、西洋参、三七和日本竹节参的染色体核型进行分析。结果表明:三七染色体数目为24条,其余三种均为48条,人参、西洋参、三七、日本竹节参核型公式依次为:2n=4x=48=38m+8sm+2T、2n=4x=48=20m+26sm+2st、2n=2x=24=18m+6sm、2n=4x=48=22m+22sm+2st+2T。臂比均值:1.42、1.91、1.54、1.75,臂比2比率(%):16.67、33.33、16.67、50.00。核型不对称系数(%):58.93、63.83、58.32、64.57。染色体长度比:2.15、1.67、1.70、1.78。核型分类:2B、2A、2A、2A。核型似近系数聚类分析表明,人参、西洋参、日本竹节参三者亲缘关系较近,与三七亲缘关系较远。     

1个本地种黄皮的染色体数目观察及核型分析(简报)

对广东省廉江市河唇镇风梢村本地种黄皮的染色体数目及核型进行研究.结果表明:其体细胞染色体数目为18条,核型公式为K(2n)=2x=18=14m+4sm,在核型分类上属"1B"型.     

海南龙血树的核型分析

采用染色体压片技术研究了海南龙血树的染色体数目和核型。结果表明:在饱和对二氯苯和0.002 mol/L8-羟基喹啉预处理中,后者预处理2 h效果最好;海南龙血树染色体数为2n=42,核型类型为"2B"型。核型公式为:2n=2x=42=22 m+20 sm,核型不对称系数为62.67%。海南龙血树主要由中部着丝粒染色体和近中部着丝粒染色体组成,未观察到随体染色体。     

2种不同叶背色五唇兰的核型比较分析

采用常规压片法对2个不同叶背色的五唇兰进行染色体数目和核型比较分析。结果表明：2种叶背色五唇兰的染色体数目均为2n=38,核型类型均为“1B”型,二者同为一个种。其中,绿叶五唇兰的核型组成公式为2n=2x=38=30m＋8sm,核型不对称系数为58．02％;红叶五唇兰的核型组成公式为2n=2x=38=34m＋4sm,核型不对称系数为57．17％。两者主要由中部着丝粒染色体和近中部着丝粒染色体组成,无随体染色体,且以红叶五唇兰的核型较为原始。     

豫北优质大豆产业发展策略

针对豫北地区的大豆生产现状，从气候、土壤、品种、生态因素及市场需求等方面提出了优质大豆的发展策略与途径。     

Comparisons of methods of scheduling irrigations of potatoes

Irrigation of Netted Gem potatoes was scheduled during three growing seasons by three methods: (a) when plants displayed first visual symptoms of moisture stress, (b) when indicated by a soil moisture budget involving estimated evapotranspiration, and (c) on the basis of tensiometer readings of soil moisture suction. When the tensiometer method of scheduling was used, the mean yields of tubers were 55.0 and 25.8 cwt/acre (6160 and 2890 kg/ha) higher than those obtained with the other two scheduling methods. Methods did not affect the specific gravity of potatoes. Method (a) scheduled irrigations least frequently. Scheduling by the budget method was not always adequate because it was based on the assumption that the crop extracted water from a constant 4 ft (1.2 m) profile from planting to full vegetative growth. In one year the budget method scheduled the first irrigation earlier than necessary and delayed the second irrigation during a critical period of crop growth. From full vegetative cover to harvest the irrigation schedules were alike for both the budget and tensiometer methods.     

湖南沅陵4种绿茶品质成分分析

以长沙县高桥相同嫩度茶鲜叶原料采用卷曲形毛尖茶加工工艺制绿茶为对照,分别对沅陵县齐眉翠峰、凤娇碣滩茶、干发茶和军大坪茶4种绿茶的主要生化成分与感官品质进行初步分析。结果表明,沅陵4种绿茶的茶多酚总量28.76%~30.34%,游离氨基酸总量2.35%~3.22%,咖啡碱含量3.00%~3.63%,水浸出物含量37.26%~40.07%,可溶性糖总量5.46%~5.65%,可溶性蛋白含量1.50%~1.74%,类黄酮化合物总量1.16%~1.79%,叶绿素总量1.36%~2.01%,儿茶素总量13.53%~16.20%。与对照相比,4种绿茶的茶多酚、可溶性糖和儿茶素总量均高于对照,除齐眉翠峰外其余3种茶样水浸出物和叶绿素总量均高于对照,除干发茶外其余3种茶样类黄酮化合物总量均高于对照。     

吉林省平安农业科学院大豆所大豆研究工作报告

1　吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究工作简介吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究所 ,设在吉林省长春市西安大路种子大厦内。现有科技人员 6人 ,其中研究员 2人 ,农艺师 2人 ,技术员 2人 ,定向培养研究生 2人。大豆研究所的主要任务是选育稳产、高产、优质及抗病虫大豆新品种 ;同时密切     

Analysis of nutritional components of eight famine foods of the Republic of Niger

In the western Sahel, indigenous plants become important staples when cereal harvests are inadequate to support populations inhabiting that region of Africa. The purpose of this study was to assess the nutrient content of several of these edible wild plants. The leaves of the following seven plant foods were analyzed: Ziziphus mauritiana, Cerathotheca sesamoides, Moringa oleifera, Leptadenia hastata, Hibiscus sabdarifa, Amaranthus viridi, and Adansonia digitata. The fatty acid, vitamin E, carotenoid, selected mineral and amino acid contents of these plant foods were determined. These same analyses were performed on the fruit of the Adansonia digitata. In quantitative and qualitative terms, Amaranthus viridis was found to be an excellent source of protein. Its amino acid composition compared favorably to that of a World Health Organization (WHO) protein standard. It also contained considerable amounts of the two fatty acids that are essential in humans (linoleic and -linolenic) and a number of minerals including iron, magnesium, calcium and zinc. The leaves of Hibiscus sabdarifa contained an appreciable quantity of protein the composition of which was comparable to the WHO standard. The mineral content of the leaves of this plant was also exceptionally high; noteworthy was its high zinc content. H. sabdarifa also contained significant quantities of the two essential fatty acids. Ziziphus mauritiana was an excellent source of the essential fatty acid linoleic acid and several of the metals including iron, calcium, magnesium and zinc. Its content of other essential nutrients, however, was rather low. In general, Adansonia digitata leaves were nutritionally superior to the fruit of the tree; however, the fruit did contain useful quantities of potassium, phosphorus, zinc and -linolenic acid. The Leptadenia hastata leaves were an especially good source of lutein and -carotene. These data should be useful to the people who inhabit the western Sahel in helping them devise healthy diets during times when cereal staples are in short supply.     

防治水稻潜叶蝇的药剂筛选

通过对防治水稻潜叶蝇不同药剂、不同用量的田间对比试验,结果表明,32 g/kg的35%丁硫克百威拌种预防潜叶蝇效果最好,药效可达55 d以上,适宜在生产上推广应用。     

狗牙根诱变后代抗寒性评价

通过电解质外渗法和匍匐茎恢复试验对‘阳江’狗牙根及其12个通过形态鉴定选出的坪用价值高且花序密度低的诱变后代进行抗寒性鉴定。电解质外渗法结果表明:诱变后代间的抗寒性具有较大差异,其叶片半致死温度(LT₅₀)的变异范围为-7.6～-0.2℃(最低值与最大值相差7.4℃);参试材料抗寒性由强到弱依次为M18>M4>M26>M28> M22>阳江>M29>M31>M10>M37>M16>M1>M25,其中,有5个诱变后代抗寒性优于亲本,分别是M18、M4、M26、M28、M22。匍匐茎恢复实验结果表明:诱变后代M1、M22、M26、M31、M25在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫后的恢复生长率都高于亲本,恢复能力均优于亲本;M10、M37、M28在-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长能力低于亲本,抗寒性相对较弱,M16和M4在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长率都低于亲本,抗寒性明显弱于亲本。综合2种方法鉴定结果显示:诱变后代M1、M25的恢复能力较强;M4、M28的叶片抗寒性较好,青绿期较长;M22、M18、M26的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较强;M29,M31的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力与亲本相似;M10、M16、M37的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较弱,整体抗寒性较弱。     

芦笋枯萎病病原鉴定

对造成福建省漳州市东山县的芦笋枯萎病病原菌进行分子鉴定,以期确定病原菌的属、种名,为防治该病害寻求理论依据。试验对分离纯化的病原菌核糖体DNA的ITS区进行测序,在Genbank中搜索其同源性并构建它们的系统发育树,结果表明：引起芦笋枯萎病的病原菌是镰刀属中的尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum),且病原菌之间的同源性高达89%,遗传差异不显著。     

实施茶叶优势区域规划促进川茶产业持续发展

为了充分发挥四川茶叶的比较优势和自然资源优势,进一步提高川茶产业竞争力和促进农民增收,在四川省委、省政府重视下,在开展特色茶叶产品研究的基础上,制订了<四川省茶叶优势区域规划>,以期通过"规划"的实施,在基地建设、规模化生产、产业化经营等方面取得新的突破,为四川省盆周山区和丘陵地区的农村经济发展和农民增收做出新的更大贡献.