猪伪狂犬病阳性场gE与gB抗体监测及风险评估

采集衡阳某猪场119份血清样品进行伪狂犬病gE-ELISA（酶联免疫吸附试验）与gBELISA抗体检测。gE抗体检测结果表明,该猪场所检测猪群除公猪外都有伪狂犬病野毒阳性,是伪狂犬病阳性场,总阳性率为47%。公猪伪狂犬病野毒抗体阳性率为0,说明公猪暂时还没有感染伪狂犬病野毒,属于阴性猪;母猪群伪狂犬病野毒（gE）阳性率达50%~60%;30~40日龄及60日龄阶段猪群gE抗体阳性率分别为30%和55%,加上可疑的数量达到40%~65%,这阶段野毒抗体阳性估计主要受母源gE抗体的影响,且与母猪阳性背景基本一致,但也不能排除个别仔猪阳性抗体来自病毒感染;90~120日龄阶段gE阳性率不降反升,达到100%,说明90~120日龄阶段猪群是在保育转至肥育舍后被伪狂犬病野毒再次感染,gE抗体S/N值显著下降,抗体水平较高。gB抗体结果表明,该猪场伪狂犬病gB抗体阳性率为98%,公猪伪狂犬病gB抗体阳性率为100%,且公猪的gE抗体阴性,说明公猪gB抗体来源于疫苗免疫;母猪群伪狂犬病gB抗体水平高且整齐,可能是野毒感染和疫苗免疫综合作用的结果;30~40日龄阶段gB抗体水平整齐,这是由于母猪群gB抗体水平高且均匀整齐,其仔猪母源抗体相应较好;60日龄阶段gB抗体水平不整齐,这与母源抗体消退有关;90~120日龄阶段gB抗体水平显著提升,这可能是后期野毒感染所致,因为其gE抗体不降反升。综合该猪场gE和gB抗体检测结果分析表明,该猪场伪狂犬病在种猪群得到了有效控制,生产比较稳定,但种猪带毒且散毒,肥育猪的感染压力加大,造成病毒不断循环,肥育猪伪狂犬病野毒感染的控制成了稳定伪狂犬病阳性场的关键。目前,猪伪狂犬病阳性场应定时监测gE和gB抗体,根据猪场血清学检测结果,结合临床实际情况实时调整免疫程序,以便稳定生产和预防伪狂犬病的暴发。     

辽宁省大连市种公猪伪狂犬病血清抗体与精液病原的对应检测

为掌握大连市种公猪伪狂犬病(PR)免疫和野毒感染情况,以及种公猪带毒对猪场PR净化的影响,采用ELISA试验、荧光PCR试验,对24个种猪场的108头种公猪,对应检测伪狂犬病毒(PRV)gE抗体、gB抗体和精液中的PRV核酸,同时检测同场经产母猪的PRV gE抗体、gB抗体。根据种公猪检测结果,划分不同PR净化等级种公猪场,并分析不同等级种公猪场经产母猪的PRV gE抗体。结果显示:种公猪PRV gB抗体阳性率为71.3%,gE抗体阳性率为37.0%;精液PRV核酸阳性率为2.8%。精液PRV核酸检测全部为阴性的一级种公猪场,占比为25%;一级种公猪场的经产母猪PRV gE抗体全部为阴性,二、三、四级种公猪场的种公猪与经产母猪同步呈现从低到高的PRV野毒感染水平。结果表明:种公猪在PR净化中起关键性作用;对于PR净化,对种公猪不但要进行PRV gE抗体检测,还要进行精液病原检测。     

2017年苏州市规模猪场猪伪狂犬病血清学调查

为了解我苏州地区猪伪狂犬病的野毒感染情况,对苏州市3个市(区)的18家自繁自养规模猪场共971份猪血清样品进行了猪伪狂犬病gB抗体和gE抗体的监测与分析,结果显示:971份样品中,伪狂犬gE抗体阳性497份,gE抗体阳性率为51.18%,其中生产母猪样品394份,伪狂犬gE抗体阳性率为63.2%;公猪样品130份,伪狂犬gE抗体阳性率为46.92%.结果显示,苏州地区中存在猪伪狂犬病痛毒感染,且某些猪场猪伪狂犬病病毒的感染率较高.     

某规模化猪场主要疫病血清抗体检测结果与分析

为了解某规模化猪场疫苗免疫效果,实时监测其群体免疫状况,及时发现现存问题及潜在风险,应用进口IDEXX公司猪瘟、蓝耳病、猪伪狂犬病gB与gE抗体检测试剂盒,以及兰州兽医研究所O型口蹄疫病毒抗体检测试剂盒,对该猪场送检的101份血清进行抗体检测。结果显示,猪瘟、蓝耳病、伪狂犬病gB、O型口蹄疫抗体总体阳性率分别为61.4%、43.6%、72.3%和68.3%;经产母猪及种公猪抗体阳性率较高;后备母猪抗体水平稍差,分别为25.0%、50.0%、0和83.3%;仔猪除伪狂犬病gB抗体水平较好外,其余均不理想;保育猪各疫病抗体水平同样不容乐观;101份血清伪狂犬病gE抗体阳性7份,且均来自公猪群,公猪伪狂犬病病毒野毒带毒率较高。对该猪场免疫状况进行了分析,并针对检测结果对免疫工作进行了一些调整,指导了生产实际。     

2018年北疆地区猪伪狂犬病病毒gE、gB蛋白抗体ELISA检测及分析

为调查北疆地区猪群伪狂犬病病毒(Pseudorabies virus,PRV)野毒感染的情况,试验应用猪伪狂犬病病毒gB、gE抗体检测试剂盒,对北疆地区6个规模化养猪场共401份血样进行PRV-gB和PRV-gE两种蛋白的抗体检测。结果发现6个规模化养猪场的PRV-gB平均抗体阳性率为93.27%(374/401),D场的抗体阳性率最高,为100.00%,C场的抗体阳性率最低,为55.00%。6个规模化养猪场的PRV-gE平均抗体阳性率为45.14%(181/401),E场的阳性率最高,为86.23%,C养殖场的阳性率最低,为0。对不同日龄的猪群分析,PRV-gE蛋白的阳性率最高为公猪68.06%,最低为保育猪12.00%;PRV-gB蛋白的阳性率最高为肥育猪、公猪均为100%,最低为后备猪84.21%。试验表明,北疆地区猪群存在野毒感染,各猪场之间感染情况不一,不同类别猪群之间PRV-gE、PRV-gB蛋白抗体水平存在差异。     

大中型猪场猪伪狂犬病抗体检测与分析

为了解大中型猪场猪伪狂犬病免疫抗体水平,采用ELISA方法对辽宁3个区域大中型猪场共7个场采集猪血清样品共270份进行猪伪狂犬病gE抗体和gB抗体检测。结果显示:猪伪狂犬病gE抗体和gB抗体的总阳性率分别为15.9%和85.9%。其中区域一、区域二、区域三猪伪狂犬病gE抗体阳性率分别为21.8%、0和23.8%,猪伪狂犬病g B抗体阳性率分别为85.5%、91.3%和81.3%。结果表明:大中型猪场的免疫措施得当,免疫效果明显,但还存在感染的猪只。区域一和区域三所采样的大中型场中均有不同程度的野毒感染,区域二的野毒感染率和免疫抗体水平均优于其它两个地区。     

2018—2019年苏豫赣三省猪伪狂犬病病毒野毒抗体流行病学调查

为了解近2年苏豫赣地区猪伪狂犬病病毒(PRV)感染情况,采集江苏、河南和江西3省111家规模猪场3 804份猪的血清样品,用PRV gE-ELISA抗体检测方法进行PRV野毒抗体检测,结果:猪场PRV gE抗体阳性率为75.68%(84/111),血清样品总阳性率为36.75%(1 398/3 804),其中,种公猪PRV gE抗体阳性率最高,为68.89%;生产母猪PRV gE抗体阳性率最低,为28.84%。此外,春季血清gE抗体阳性率最高,夏季较低。调查结果表明,该地区猪场PRV野毒感染率依然较高,制定科学合理的免疫程序并加强综合防控十分必要。     

规模化猪场猪伪狂犬病野毒感染的调查

为了解北疆部分规模化猪场伪狂犬病野毒感染情况,本试验于2016年6月-2017年7月共采集北疆5个不同规模的规模化猪场567份血清,采用gE-ELISA和全病毒ELISA方法进行伪狂犬野毒及免疫抗体的检测。结果表明,北疆地区猪伪狂犬病全病毒抗体总阳性率为99.32%(290/292),gE抗体总阳性率为52.74%(154/292);其中B、D、E三场全病毒抗体阳性率都达到了100%,C场阳性率最低,为98.15%(53/54),D场gE抗体阳性率最高为83.33%(20/24),B场gE抗体阳性率最低为35%(14/40);不同猪群调查结果显示,怀孕母猪gE抗体猪阳性率最高为68.18%(30/44),公猪较高为59.38%(19/32),保育猪阳性率最低为35.14%(26/74);A场在2016年6月-2017年7月3次检测中,gE抗体阳性率总体呈下降趋势,其中生产母猪和怀孕母猪下降明显,其他猪群阳性率波动较大。检测结果揭示,北疆地区伪狂犬野毒感染净化工作的压力依然很大,需要进行严格的检疫、免疫以及净化。     

云南省某规模化猪场不同日龄猪伪狂犬病病毒抗体的检测

为了评估云南省某猪场猪群的猪伪狂犬病毒野毒感染及免疫状况,试验随机采集该猪场的不同日龄猪的血清80份,采用猪伪狂犬病病毒gE(PRV-gE)抗体检测试剂盒和猪伪狂犬病病毒gB(PRV-gB)抗体检测试剂盒同时进行猪的狂犬病抗体检测,以掌握不同日龄猪伪狂犬病毒野毒的感染情况并制订适合该猪场的猪伪狂犬病免疫程序。结果表明:该场不同日龄猪PRV-gE抗体全部为阴性,无野毒感染; PRV-gB抗体阳性率均为100%,PRV-gB抗体水平相对较稳定。说明该猪场的免疫程序较为合理。     

广西猪伪狂犬病毒感染状况调查报告

为了解广西猪伪狂犬病毒的感染状况,应用PCR技术对来自广西46个种猪场的1940份公猪精液进行了猪伪狂犬病毒(PRV)的检测,阳性率为0;同时对广西25个已使用猪伪狂犬病病毒gE基因缺失疫苗猪场的1455份送检血清,采用了猪伪狂犬病基因缺失鉴别ELISA方法进行了血清学抗体监测,结果检出猪伪狂犬gE抗体阳性11份,阳性率为0.76%。结果表明,广西猪群中存在猪伪狂犬病野毒感染,但感染率较低。     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1985

In late December 1985, 1485 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1985 and 44% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 137,300 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1210 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 36 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number diagnosed in 1985 as 1247 (0.91%).

Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Saskatchewan but most (1126) of the cases were in Ontario. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. From Quebec, 91 cases were reported mostly from and around Montreal. From Manitoba, 19 cases were reported from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 28% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 78% had a history of not having left Canada.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1988

In late November 1988, 1581 small and mixed animal clinics and institutional veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1988, and 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 181,577 dogs were blood-tested for heartworm disease and 367 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 60 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1988 as 441 (0.24%).     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1984

In late December 1984, 1853 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1984 and 35% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 97,794 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1417 dogs (1.45% of those tested) were found with heartworm. Another 34 dogs were amicrofilaremic, but were diagnosed as having heartworm disease, to give the total number diagnosed in 1984 as 1451 (1.48%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland but most (1310) of the cases were in Ontario. In Quebec, 126 cases were reported mostly from west of Montreal.

Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 27% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 72% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1989

In late November 1989, 1732 clinics and institutional veterinarians were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis, and 51.7% responded. Of 247,716 dogs tested, 394 had D. immitis microfilariae and 51 were amicrofilaremic for a total of 445 cases and heartworm prevalence of 0.17%. Most (408) of these dogs had no preventive medication and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 1.01%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Thirty-seven dogs with heartworm had preventive medication. Heartworm was most frequent in companion dogs over three years of age maintained outdoors in rural areas. About 75% of the cases had never left Canada, 26% had clinical signs and 125 were not treated.

Heartworm was reported from British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, but 383 cases were in Ontario. South-western Ontario was the primary focus of infection. There were 33 cases in Quebec and 24 in Manitoba, mainly found in and around Metropolitan Montreal and Winnipeg respectively.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1987

In late November 1987, 1246 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1987, and 50% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 165,428 dogs were blood tested for heartworm disease and 511 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 78 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1987 as 589 (0.35%).     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1986

In late December 1986, 1224 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1986; 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 150,989 dogs were blood-tested for microfilariae and 869 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 65 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease and one was found with heartworm at necropsy to give the total number diagnosed in 1986 as 935 (0.62%).

Heartworm was reported from Manitoba, New Brunswick, Ontario and Quebec, but most (810) of the cases were from Ontario. South-western Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. There were 103 cases reported from Quebec, mostly from and around Montreal, and 21 cases from Manitoba, from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 33% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 81% had a history of not having left Canada.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1983

In late December 1983, 2 800 veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of heartworm disease in Canada in 1983 and 26% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 59 504 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 771 dogs (1.30% of those tested) were found with Dirofilaria immitis. Heartworm disease was diagnosed in all provinces except New Brunswick and Newfoundland but most (733) of the cases were in Ontario.

Heartworm disease was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 31% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 64% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continues to be the focus of the infection and most of the dogs there had not left the province previously.