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目前我国特早熟棉区包括山西、陕西、新疆的部分棉田、辽宁和甘肃省的全部棉田。全棉区棉田面积300多万亩,分布极不集中。我国棉区原划分为黄河流域、长江流域、特早熟、西北内陆和华南五个类型不同的棉区。后来将西北内陆棉区取消,把西北内陆棉区的南疆划归为黄河流域棉区,而北疆和河西走廊划归特早熟棉区。经多年实践证明 相似文献
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选取16份在黄河流域棉区(山西省运城市)多年选育已稳定纯合的高代棉花品系,研究其在新疆植棉区种植后的铃重、衣分和纤维品质指标的变化规律,为后期开展引种试验及品种选育工作提供科学依据。结果表明,大多数山西选育的棉花材料在北疆早熟植棉区和南疆早中熟植棉区种植后铃重和衣分增加;除个别棉花材料外,大部分山西棉花材料在新疆植棉区种植后的纤维长度整齐度指数、断裂伸长率、马克隆值、上半部平均长度和断裂比强度降低,纺纱质量下降。因此,纤维品质的下降可能是阻碍山西棉花材料在新疆早熟及早中熟植棉区示范和推广应用的重要因素,建议在将山西棉花材料引种到新疆时,选择纤维品质较优的材料。 相似文献
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选取棉花品质的主要指标作为样本,利用单因素试验统计分析方法对2017年新疆不同地区的细绒棉品质数据及其差异进行分析。结果表明,除轧工质量外,新疆各地州棉花其他品质指标均存在显著性差异。东疆棉花品质指标总体处于南疆、北疆之间;南疆、东疆棉纤维颜色级优于北疆;吐鲁番的轧工质量较差,南疆和北疆各地差异不大;马克隆值除博尔塔拉蒙古自治州(博州)较差外,南疆和北疆其他地区差异不大;除博州外,北疆其他地区棉纤维长度优于南疆。北疆、东疆断裂比强度优于南疆;从棉纤维长度整齐度指数来看,除吐鲁番较差外,新疆其他各地(州)都较好。北疆长度(mm)和断裂比强度(cN·tex-1)均高于“29”级别的棉花比例大于南疆。南北疆棉纺企业可开展差异化纺纱,避免恶性竞争。 相似文献
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近20年新疆水稻生产发展及影响因素分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以新疆各水稻种植区域生产数据为基础,分析了1995-2014年新疆各区域水稻产量时空变化特征及其主要影响因素。结果表明,1995-2014年的20年间,新疆水稻总产增加了58.0%;北疆南部的水稻总产最高,2010-2014年其总产占新疆水稻总产的46.7%,其次是南疆北部(占比为36.5%)和南疆西南部(占比为16.7%),北疆北部占比最低。1995-2014年新疆水稻种植面积增加了2.3%。2010-2014年北疆南部水稻种植面积占新疆水稻种植面积的46.2%,南疆北部占34.1%,南疆西南部占19.7%,北疆北部占比最小。1995-2014年新疆水稻单产增加了54.3%,是总产增加的主要原因;各区域平均单产从高到低依次为北疆南部(8 593.5 kg/hm~2)、南疆北部(8 179.1 kg/hm~2)、南疆西南部(6 933.3 kg/hm~2)和北疆北部(3 144.7 kg/hm~2)。因此,稳定水稻种植面积是增加新疆水稻总产的基本条件;选育抗旱、耐低温、高产优质的粳稻品种,研发推广高产高效栽培技术和防灾减灾技术,提高单产,是新疆水稻总产稳定增加的主要途径。 相似文献
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针对豫北地区的大豆生产现状,从气候、土壤、品种、生态因素及市场需求等方面提出了优质大豆的发展策略与途径。 相似文献
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Irrigation of Netted Gem potatoes was scheduled during three growing seasons by three methods: (a) when plants displayed first visual symptoms of moisture stress, (b) when indicated by a soil moisture budget involving estimated evapotranspiration, and (c) on the basis of tensiometer readings of soil moisture suction. When the tensiometer method of scheduling was used, the mean yields of tubers were 55.0 and 25.8 cwt/acre (6160 and 2890 kg/ha) higher than those obtained with the other two scheduling methods. Methods did not affect the specific gravity of potatoes. Method (a) scheduled irrigations least frequently. Scheduling by the budget method was not always adequate because it was based on the assumption that the crop extracted water from a constant 4 ft (1.2 m) profile from planting to full vegetative growth. In one year the budget method scheduled the first irrigation earlier than necessary and delayed the second irrigation during a critical period of crop growth. From full vegetative cover to harvest the irrigation schedules were alike for both the budget and tensiometer methods. 相似文献
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1 吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究工作简介吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究所 ,设在吉林省长春市西安大路种子大厦内。现有科技人员 6人 ,其中研究员 2人 ,农艺师 2人 ,技术员 2人 ,定向培养研究生 2人。大豆研究所的主要任务是选育稳产、高产、优质及抗病虫大豆新品种 ;同时密切 相似文献
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以长沙县高桥相同嫩度茶鲜叶原料采用卷曲形毛尖茶加工工艺制绿茶为对照,分别对沅陵县齐眉翠峰、凤娇碣滩茶、干发茶和军大坪茶4种绿茶的主要生化成分与感官品质进行初步分析。结果表明,沅陵4种绿茶的茶多酚总量28.76%~30.34%,游离氨基酸总量2.35%~3.22%,咖啡碱含量3.00%~3.63%,水浸出物含量37.26%~40.07%,可溶性糖总量5.46%~5.65%,可溶性蛋白含量1.50%~1.74%,类黄酮化合物总量1.16%~1.79%,叶绿素总量1.36%~2.01%,儿茶素总量13.53%~16.20%。与对照相比,4种绿茶的茶多酚、可溶性糖和儿茶素总量均高于对照,除齐眉翠峰外其余3种茶样水浸出物和叶绿素总量均高于对照,除干发茶外其余3种茶样类黄酮化合物总量均高于对照。 相似文献
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Sena L.P. VanderJagt D.J. Rivera C. Tsin A.T.C. Muhamadu I. Mahamadou O. Millson M. Pastuszyn A. Glew R.H. 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1998,52(1):17-30
In the western Sahel, indigenous plants become important staples when cereal harvests are inadequate to support populations inhabiting that region of Africa. The purpose of this study was to assess the nutrient content of several of these edible wild plants. The leaves of the following seven plant foods were analyzed: Ziziphus mauritiana, Cerathotheca sesamoides, Moringa oleifera, Leptadenia hastata, Hibiscus sabdarifa, Amaranthus viridi, and Adansonia digitata. The fatty acid, vitamin E, carotenoid, selected mineral and amino acid contents of these plant foods were determined. These same analyses were performed on the fruit of the Adansonia digitata. In quantitative and qualitative terms, Amaranthus viridis was found to be an excellent source of protein. Its amino acid composition compared favorably to that of a World Health Organization (WHO) protein standard. It also contained considerable amounts of the two fatty acids that are essential in humans (linoleic and -linolenic) and a number of minerals including iron, magnesium, calcium and zinc. The leaves of Hibiscus sabdarifa contained an appreciable quantity of protein the composition of which was comparable to the WHO standard. The mineral content of the leaves of this plant was also exceptionally high; noteworthy was its high zinc content. H. sabdarifa also contained significant quantities of the two essential fatty acids. Ziziphus mauritiana was an excellent source of the essential fatty acid linoleic acid and several of the metals including iron, calcium, magnesium and zinc. Its content of other essential nutrients, however, was rather low. In general, Adansonia digitata leaves were nutritionally superior to the fruit of the tree; however, the fruit did contain useful quantities of potassium, phosphorus, zinc and -linolenic acid. The Leptadenia hastata leaves were an especially good source of lutein and -carotene. These data should be useful to the people who inhabit the western Sahel in helping them devise healthy diets during times when cereal staples are in short supply. 相似文献
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通过电解质外渗法和匍匐茎恢复试验对‘阳江’狗牙根及其12个通过形态鉴定选出的坪用价值高且花序密度低的诱变后代进行抗寒性鉴定。电解质外渗法结果表明:诱变后代间的抗寒性具有较大差异,其叶片半致死温度(LT50)的变异范围为-7.6~-0.2℃(最低值与最大值相差7.4℃);参试材料抗寒性由强到弱依次为M18>M4>M26>M28> M22>阳江>M29>M31>M10>M37>M16>M1>M25,其中,有5个诱变后代抗寒性优于亲本,分别是M18、M4、M26、M28、M22。匍匐茎恢复实验结果表明:诱变后代M1、M22、M26、M31、M25在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫后的恢复生长率都高于亲本,恢复能力均优于亲本;M10、M37、M28在-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长能力低于亲本,抗寒性相对较弱,M16和M4在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长率都低于亲本,抗寒性明显弱于亲本。综合2种方法鉴定结果显示:诱变后代M1、M25的恢复能力较强;M4、M28的叶片抗寒性较好,青绿期较长;M22、M18、M26的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较强;M29,M31的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力与亲本相似;M10、M16、M37的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较弱,整体抗寒性较弱。 相似文献
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