盘尾丝虫ASP1蛋白佐剂活性区不同标签融合表达与佐剂活性比较

为了探明纯化标签对盘尾丝虫活化相关分泌蛋白1(activation-associated secreted protein 1,ASP1)佐剂活性的影响,将其佐剂活性区PR-1编码序列分别与类弹性蛋白多肽(elastin-like polypeptide,ELP)、ELK16自聚肽或His标签进行融合表达,用相变循环、离心洗涤和镍亲和层析进行融合蛋白纯化;将ELP与传染性法氏囊病病毒(Infectious bursal disease virus,IBDV)VP2基因片段进行融合表达,用蛋白酶切除ELP标签后与不同标签融合PR-1免疫小鼠,两次免疫后不同时间采血分离血清,采用ELISA检测VP2特异IgG、IgG1和IgG2c滴度,用试剂盒检测免疫小鼠血清的IFN-γ、TNF-α、IL-6、IL-10浓度。结果显示,ELP-PR1、ELK-PR1、His-PR1和ELP-VP2融合蛋白在重组大肠杆菌中均获得正确表达,纯化蛋白纯度大于90%;3种标签融合PR-1均能增强免疫小鼠的抗原特异IgG、IgG1和IgG2应答,并能刺激小鼠产生IFN-γ、TNF-α、IL-6或IL-10细胞因子。在3种PR-1融合蛋白中,ELP-PR1的佐剂活性最强,ELK-PR1与不完全弗氏佐剂相当。本研究探索了不同纯化标签对PR-1免疫佐剂活性的影响,为传染性法氏囊病新型亚单位疫苗佐剂研制提供思路。     

鸡大肠杆菌病中草药佐剂多价灭活苗的研制——Ⅰ、疫苗生产工艺

采用鸡大肠杆菌多发病型菌株以及地方病型菌株作为制苗用菌种，保证了疫苗既具有一定的广谱性，又具有一定的特异性；采用液体通气培养方法，在一定程度上提高了菌数；采用中草药蜂胶作为佐剂不但可有效地提高机体的免疫功能，同时兼具有治疗，保健和促生长作用，另外蜂胶还可以增大抗原表面积，延长抗原在组织的贮存时间，可持久地释放抗原，保证了机体持续产生高效价抗体。     

脊髓CGRP在大鼠实验性关节炎形成和发展中的作用

采用鞘内注射降钙素基因相关肽（ＣＧＲＰ）受体拮抗剂人ＣＧＲＰ片段８－３７（ｈＣＧＲＰ８－３７），探讨了佐剂性关节炎大鼠初级感觉系统中ＣＧＲＰ增多的意义。结果：佐剂前注射ｈＣＧＲＰ８－３７的动物，在注射佐剂后１～２０ｄ，患肢及健肢皮温均高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５）；患肢足容积明显大于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５），并且在形成变态反应性佐剂性关节炎时（佐剂后１３～２０ｄ），健肢足容积也明显增加（Ｐ＜０．０５）；但双后肢的痛阈变化与对照组相比没有明显差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）。上述结果表明，佐剂前鞘内注射ｈＣＧＲＰ８－３７，使急性关节炎和多发性关节炎均有所加重。佐剂后１２ｄ注射ｈＣ－ＧＲＰ８－３７的动物，双后肢的肿胀积分均明显高于对照组（佐剂后１８～５０ｄ，Ｐ＜０．０５或０．０１），痛级别也明显高于对照组（佐剂后１４～５０ｄ，Ｐ＜０．０１），但痛阈的变化不明显（Ｐ＞０．０５）。因此佐剂后１２ｄ鞘内注射ＣＧＲＰ的拮抗剂也可加重关节炎的炎症反应。这进一步证明了脊髓ＣＧＲＰ可能具有抗炎和抑制免疫反应的作用。     

新城疫含硒油佐剂疫苗增强肉鸡免疫效果的研究

以新城疫ＬａＳｏｔａ系疫苗滴鼻，采用自制的含１５×１０－６亚硒酸钠新城疫油佐剂疫苗给４０只５日龄ＡＡ肉鸡颈部皮下接种，于１５、２５、３５、４５日龄时分别抽取１０只进行称重和测定血硒含量、Ｈｌ抗体水平。结果表明，新城疫含硒油佐剂疫苗接种肉鸡的增重、血硒含量及ＨＩ抗体水平均高于非含硒新城疫油佐剂疫苗接种鸡（Ｐ＜０．０１或Ｐ＜０．０５）。     

Les vaccins dans la prevention de la rhinotracheite infectieuse du chat adjuvant BCG gel d''alumine (preparation, controle, immunite)

Immunogenicity of different vaccines against the main viral diseases was compared: feline infectious rhinotracheitis, feline panleucopenia virus and calicivirus. These inactivated vaccines developed higher protective activity when adjuvants such as BCG or aluminium hydroxide were used. Animals vaccinated and boostered with an identical dose of these vaccines resisted the viral challenges. Neutralizing antibodies titers obtained with BCG adjuvated vaccines were twofold higher than those containing aluminium hydroxide.     

Avian CD154 enhances humoral and cellular immune responses induced by an adenovirus vector-based vaccine in chickens

Recombinant adenoviral vectors have emerged as an attractive system for veterinary vaccines development. However, for poultry vaccination a very important criterion for an ideal vaccine is its low cost. The objective of this study was to test the ability of chicken CD154 to enhance the immunogenicity of an adenoviral vector-based vaccine against avian influenza virus in order to reduce the amount of antigen required to induce an effective immune response in avian. Chickens were vaccinated with three different doses of adenoviral vectors encoding either HA (AdHA), or HA fused to extracellular domain chicken's CD154 (AdHACD). Hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay and relative quantification of IFN-γ showed that the adenoviral vector encoding for the chimeric antigen is able to elicit an improved humoral and cellular immune response, which demonstrated that CD154 can be used as a molecular adjuvant allowing to reduce in about 50-fold the amount of adenoviral vector vaccine required to induce an effective immune response.     

4种助剂对异丙隆防除菵草的增效作用

为了比较4种助剂Silwet 806、红太阳A8、激健、安融乐对异丙隆防除菵草Beckmannia syzigachne的增效作用及机制,采用整株生物测定法测定4种助剂与异丙隆混用后对菵草的生物活性及对小麦的安全性;采用仪器分析法测定4种助剂对异丙隆药液的表面张力、叶面接触角、干燥时间和在叶面上的沉积量的影响。结果表明:添加4种助剂后异丙隆防除菵草的ED90分别降低为553.11、626.31、819.93、841.54 g/hm2,但异丙隆与Silwet 806混用后对小麦安全性下降。添加4种助剂后,异丙隆药液的表面张力和叶面接触角显著降低,药液在叶面上的干燥时间缩短,沉积量增加,其中红太阳A8的上述指标显著优于激健和安融乐,能够较好地实现异丙隆减量增效的目的。     

黏膜疫苗抗原运输方式及佐剂研究进展

黏膜免疫是机体防御感染的第一道防线,诱导有效的黏膜免疫应答对病原由黏膜感染途径引发的疾病预防具有重要的意义。目前,在黏膜疫苗的研究中存在某些关键性问题,最重要的是黏膜抗原不能有效地被运输至黏膜诱发部位,致使黏膜免疫系统不能被有效刺激,而不能产生高效的免疫应答。因此,选择安全而有效的黏膜佐剂及选择有效的抗原运输系统是发展黏膜疫苗的必须条件。论文就近几年来黏膜疫苗佐剂及抗原运输方式进行综述。     

Ethoxylated rapeseed oil derivatives as novel adjuvants for herbicides

Ethoxylates of rapeseed oil and of methylated rapeseed oil were synthesized and tested as adjuvants for 2,4-D and phenmedipham. Provided they had less than 6 units of ethylene oxide (EO), 1.0 to 10 g litre(-1) ethoxylates in water induced droplet spreading on barley leaves. In an acetone-based medium all derivatives strongly promoted the foliar uptake of 2,4-D, with no clear influence of the ethoxylation degree. In the same medium there was a negative influence of ethoxylate chain length on the foliar uptake of phenmedipham. In a water-based medium, phenmedipham applied with rapeseed oil emulsified with ethoxylated (20 EO) rapeseed oil displayed uptake rates close to a commercial preparation. The same was true for phenmedipham applied with ethoxylated (2 EO) methylated rapeseed oil. In bioassays, phenmedipham prepared with methylated rapeseed oil emulsified with ethoxylated (20 EO) rapeseed oil was as efficacious on barley as a commercial formulation. The same was true for phenmedipham prepared with ethoxylated (2 EO) methylated rapeseed oil. However, neither rapeseed oil nor methylated rapeseed oil emulsified with ethoxylated (2 EO) methylated rapeseed oil conferred good efficacy to phenmedipham. Hence, ethoxylated rapeseed oil derivatives are promising adjuvants or formulants for herbicides.     

几种除草剂药液表面张力、叶面接触角与药效的相关性研究

在除草剂氟磺胺草醚、灭草松和精喹禾灵药液中添加不同浓度的喷雾助剂ABS(十二烷基苯磺酸钠)和JFC ,以温室盆栽法测得各处理抑制杂草的效果,结果表明,在多数情况下添加喷雾助剂可使3种供试除草剂的药效显著提高。