小尾寒羊胚胎不同时期背最长肌的组织学研究

[目的]利用组织生物学方法对不同时期小尾寒羊背最长肌进行研究。[方法]以小尾寒羊为研究对象,利用组织切片技术从微观层面研究胚胎期不同阶段肌纤维生长发育的变化情况。[结果]肌纤维的密度随着时间的增长呈现下降的趋势,而肌纤维直径随着密度的降低而增加。胚胎前期胎儿增重不明显,而胚胎后期及出生后体重迅速增加,差异显著。[结论]该研究可为开展优质肉羊杂交育种工作积累基础性数据。     

无血清培养基IVD101和G1/G2在牛体细胞核移植中的应用研究

通过考察牛体细胞核移植重构胚在无血清培养基（IVD101、G1／G2）条件下培养的囊胚发育率及其质量,从而评估无血清培养基支持牛体细胞核移植重构胚体外发育的能力。采用IVD101和G1／G2对牛体细胞核移植胚胎进行体外培养,并以CR1aa＋5％FBS作为对照组。无血清培养基IVD101和G1／G2的囊胚发育率与对照组无显著性差异（41．2％±9．1％、42．2％±10．8％,48．0％±9．2％,P〉0．05）。通过囊胚差异染色和冷冻／解冻胚胎存活率分析胚胎质量,发现无血清培养基ICM／Total略低于对照组（31．8％±10．5％、29．5％±11．9％vs ．33．0％±14．8％）,但无显著性差异（P〉0．05）;3个组别的囊胚经程序化冷冻／解冻后无血清培养基的存活率（IVD101、G1／G2）略高于对照组,但差异不显著（84．8％、80．4％＇US．77．3％,P〉0．05）。结果证明无血清培养基（IVD101、G1／G2）可以支持体细胞核移植重构胚的体外发育,且其对程序化冷冻的耐受性与添加血清组（CR1aa＋5％FBS）相似。     

Correlation between the histopathological diagnosis by AgNOR count and AgNOR area in canine mammary tumors

Background: Mammary tumors are the most common type of tumor in female dogs. The histopathological diagnosis is usually made by a hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining of the tumor, which then requires a pathologist's judgment for assessment of malignancy. The purpose of this study was to investigate an alternative silver staining of some argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions (AgNOR) for improving the diagnostic accuracy with mammary tumors.
Hypothesis: There is a correlation between the histopathological diagnosis by AgNOR count and AgNOR area in canine mammary tumors.
Animals: Seventy-three canine mammary tumors from 33 female dogs.
Materials and Methods: The AgNOR staining was evaluated retrospectively in 73 canine mammary tumors with a parallel HE staining as a "Gold Standard." Both a quantitative manual counting method and a qualitative computerized morphometric method were tested.
Result: The result from both methods indicated a clinically relevant difference in the mean values of the AgNOR in the following 4 categories: malignant, benign, hyperplastic, and normal mammary tissue. The counting method was superior, with 89% of the cases given a correct diagnosis of a malignant or a nonmalignant canine mammary tumor. The 2 methods were then compared to test their ability to classify the tumors correctly. Again, the counting method was the most reliable method, with a sensitivity of 80% and a specificity of 76% when the upper 50% of the AgNOR counts were presumed malignant.
Conclusion and Clinical Importance: The results indicated that an AgNOR test could be an aid to pathologists as a prognostic indicator or to assist them in deciding between a benign or a malignant diagnosis in questionable cases.     

Clinical and Histopathological Survey of Lesions Similar to Pox Skin Lesions in Three Flocks of a Large Commercial Layer Farm

In this study, we report an outbreak of fowl pox disease in a large commercial layer farm in Iran. Three flocks of this farm were affected. Flock A (23 wk of age), flock B (44 wk of age), and flock C (71 wk of age) showed cutaneous lesions. Beak necrosis was seen at the posterior part of the upper or lower beak. Also, some vesicles were seen in combs, wattles, and eyelids. Beak and comb lesions were scraped and stained with Wright's staining for histopathological examination. Samples showed hyperplasia of epidermis but no Bollinger bodies were seen. Histopathologically, the epidermis had marked hyperplasia (acanthosis) caused by the swelling and increased number of cells in the stratum spinosum. Clinical observations, as well as histopathological findings, led to a diagnosis of fowl pox disease.     

黑木耳原生质体制备、再生及单核体荧光鉴定

利用正交试验研究了黑木耳原生质体制备、再生的最佳条件,结果表明,原生质体制备最佳条件是酶解温度31℃、酶浓度1．0％、菌龄5d、酶解时间4h,原生质体再生的最佳条件是酶解温度27℃、酶解时间4h、酶浓度1．5％、菌龄11d。稳渗剂种类对黑木耳原生质体再生率的试验结果表明,采用0．5mol／L蔗糖为稳渗剂,各黑木耳菌株的原生质体再生率最高。HW2号菌株原生质体经核染色其单核化比率最高;在荧光显微镜下观察菌丝核相,单、双核清晰可辨。     

微生物学实验教学中革兰氏染色三步法应用试验

通过实验室应用试验证明,革兰氏染色三步法虽操作简单、染色快、成功率高、效果好.但要严格控制相关环节,即革兰氏阳性菌菌龄16-20h,革兰氏阴性菌菌龄22-24h;取菌量要少于1/3环,涂菌要稀薄、分散均匀;在结晶紫和碘液染色时间各1 min条件下,第三步以0.4%碱性品红乙醇液处理时间60-90s,或以0.3%蕃红乙醇液处理时间90-120s,效果较佳.     

棉花AFLP银染技术及品种指纹图谱应用初报

本文介绍了一种适合于棉花研究的ＡＦＬＰ银染方法,并利用该方法获得了几个棉花品种的指纹图谱     

Microscopic observations of bacterial sorption in soil cores

 Bacterial cells may be immobilized in soil through adsorption to a variety of soil particles. These associations affect the interaction of native soil microbes with their nutrient sources and control at least in part the distribution of foreign bacteria entering the soil system. To observe the relationship between soil structure and adsorption of amended bacterial cells, a series of intact cores of Freehold fine sandy loam were inoculated with suspensions of Arthrobacter crystallopoietes cells at concentrations ranging from 10⁶ to 10⁸ cells per ml. The cells were cultivated in a glucose-based medium to induce spherical cell formation. Following inoculation, the soil cores were rinsed with sterile water (30–40 ml h^–1), flushed with thiazine red R to stain the bacterial cells, and then prepared for examination by common micromorphological techniques. The use of fluorescence, polarizing, and reflected light microscopy of soil thin sections, allowed direct, qualitative determinations of microbial distribution and associations with soil components. A. crystallopoietes cells were detected throughout the length of the soil columns. Soil pores did not appear to be clogged by the spherical A. crystallopoietes cells. Adsorption of amended bacteria was governed by the presence of both variably charged mineral oxides and organic matter within the intergrain microaggregates and occurred along coated mineral surfaces. Amendment of non-inoculated soil columns with 0.2% (w/v) solution of glucose demonstrated that the staining and sectioning procedure was sufficiently sensitive to detect growth of indigenous bacterial populations and their distributions within the soil matrix. Received; 6 April 1997     

黑斑原鮡AFLP分析体系的建立

建立黑斑原鮡(Glyptosternum maculatum)AFLP反应体系,对DNA提取、双酶切、连接、预扩增、选择性扩增和银染效果进行了探索。结果表明,40μLTaqI酶切体系中65℃先酶切2h,EcoRI酶切和连接同时进行,EcoRI酶和T4DNA连接酶的用量均以2U为宜,温度与时间分别为37℃和3h,连接产物稀释10倍作为预扩增的模板。利用这种优化的反应体系,5对选择性扩增引物组合表现出较高的稳定性、清晰度和多态性,它们分别是:E-AAC/T-AAT、E-AAC/T-AAG、E-AAG/T-ACA、E-AAG/T-AAT和E-AAT/T-AGA。5对引物组合对96个样本扩增,共得到332条清晰可辨、可重复的条带,平均每对引物组合扩增出66.4条带,其中51条带是多态的。将AFLP技术用于黑斑原鮡的研究,通过优化体系的建立,为其种质资源的研究奠定基础。