日粮赖氨酸水平对皖西白鹅繁殖力的影响

在日粮主要营养成份达标的基础上,通过调节赖氨酸水平0.49%、0.64%、0.79%,探讨其对皖西白鹅繁殖力的影响,结果表明:1赖氨酸水平影响产蛋量P<0.05,而不影响其它的繁殖力指标P>0.05;20.64%的赖氨酸水平最能体现皖西白鹅的繁殖性能。     

一株GPV的分离鉴定及致病性研究

为了确定导致吉林省某地区10日龄雏鹅发病的病原,从病死雏鹅的肝脏中分离到一株病毒,根据病毒的电镜照片,动物回归试验及PCR鉴定,确定为鹅细小病毒。PCR产物测序后经BLAST比对显示,分离毒株与NCBI收录的GPVVP3基因同源性均在92％以上,与GPV／CH／HLJ02／08VP3基因的同源性最高,达99％。致病性研究表明,分离株的ELD50为10^-6.5／0．2mL,毒力较强,且该毒株能被GPV标准血清所中和。     

引进鹅种的性能及杂交利用效果

选择体质健康、体重相近的1日龄四川白鹅、莱茵、朗德鹅和莱×川杂交鹅各40只,在相同的饲养管理条件下,对多项指标进行70d连续测定。试验结果,育雏率依上述顺序穴下同雪分别为72.5%、72.5%、97.5%和65.0%;70日龄体重分别为2985.00g、3280.00g、3295.00g和3550.00g;0～70日龄增重分别为41.43g、45.62g、45.86g和49.51g鸦腿肌率均达到20%以上(26.65%～22.07%)。     

Cloning and Sequence Analysis of Major Histocompatibility Complex Ⅰ Gene from Goose F1 of Fast-growth Lines

According to the multiple alignments identified major histocompatibility complex Ⅰ (MHC Ⅰ) gene conserved sequence registered in GenBank from the family ducks (Anatidae) anser waterfowl, a pairs of specific primers for the fragments of MHCⅠgene of goose F1 from fast-growth lines were designed and synthesized by Primer Premier 5.0. Using the genome DNA of goose F1 from fast-growth lines, the target gene fragment was obtained by PCR. To conduct sequencing of the fragments of MHCⅠgene of goose F1 from fast-growth lines and make sequence alignment and analysis of protein structure and function by bioinformatics, and research the characteristics of MHCⅠgene of goose F1 and the physicochemical properties of the protein. Bioinformatics was analyzed the nucleic acid data, deduced amino acid sequence and phylogenetic trees. The result of sequence analysis showed that the fragments of MHCⅠgene of goose F1 from fast-growth lines was 1036 bp in length, which coded 96 amino acids polyprotein. The homology were 93% and 83% with MHC Ⅰ gene and coding sequence of Wulong goose in NCBI respectively. There were 72 different bases sequence and 16 amino acids change. There also was higher homology with other poultry, and existed genetic relationship of Siji goose > chickens > ducks.The homology segment sequences corresponding to the fragments of MHCⅠ gene of goose F1 coded 96 amino acids protein, which molecular weight, PI, positively or negatively charged amino acid, estimated half-life, instability index, aliphatic index and average hydrophobicity were 11.342 ku, 5.32, 14, 17, 2.8 h, 34.92, 42.81, -1.066, respectively, and appeared 9 B cell epitopes, but contained no signal peptide. These results indicated that the protein for hydrophilic non-secreted proteins, had the high immunogenicity. In addition, The protein structure study indicated that alpha-helix, beta-sheet, beta-turn and random coil were 31.25%,16.67%, 14.58% and 37.50%, respectively. There existed amino terminal domain and carboxyl terminal domain in the tertiary structure. Therefore, MHC gene had significant difference between species and populations of individuals by the pathogen pressure in environment, and there were the interaction between polymorphism of MHC molecules and the diversity of antigenic peptide. MHC determined the differences of individual susceptibility to disease, and could be treated as a candidate gene for disease resistance.     

不同季节对鹅若干生理和免疫指标的影响

为了探讨不同温度对乌鬃鹅若干生理和免疫指标的影响,寻找准确评定乌鬃鹅热耐受性的候选生理和免疫性状指标,以30周龄健康清远乌鬃鹅母鹅200只为研究对象,分别在夏季(35℃)和冬季(20℃),采集鹅只的血液样品,非抗凝血用于测定T3、皮质酮含量;抗凝血用于测定H%、L%和H/L值。结果表明:夏季乌鬃鹅血清中的皮质酮含量显著高于冬季(P0.05),T3含量极显著高于冬季(P0.01);与冬季相比,夏季乌鬃鹅的H%、H/L极显著升高(P0.01),L%极显著降低(P0.01)。皮质酮和H/L值可以作为评价鹅热耐受性的重要性状指标。     

鹅生长激素基因的克隆、原核表达及其重组蛋白质的离子交换纯化

为了克隆鹅生长激素基因并表达其重组蛋白质,采集生长期鹅垂体组织,并利用TRIzol快速提取的总RNA为模板,反转录为c DNA。根据鹅生长激素基因编码的成熟肽序列(Gen Bank号:AY149895.2)设计1对引物,分别在上、下游引物的5'端引入Nhe I和Hind III酶切位点。经反转录扩增获得鹅生长激素基因的编码的成熟肽全序列。通过双酶切和连接将鹅生长激素编码区插入原核表达载体pRSET-A的Nhe I和Hind III位点之间,构建重组表达质粒pRSET-g GH并转化大肠杆菌表达菌株BL21(DE3)。转化的菌株经IPTG诱导后表达重组鹅生长激素蛋白质,分子量约为2.93×104。经过DEAE-650M弱阴离子交换树脂纯化获得较高纯度的重组鹅生长激素蛋白质。     

饲粮赖氨酸水平对1～21日龄狮头鹅生长性能、血清生化指标及蛋白沉积的影响

【目的】主要研究不同赖氨酸水平的饲粮对1~21日龄狮头鹅生长性能、血清生化指标及蛋白沉积的影响.【方法】选用828只1日龄的健康狮头鹅,随机分为6组,每组6个重复,每个重复23只.对照组赖氨酸添加水平(w)为0.75%,各处理组赖氨酸水平分别为0.90%、1.05%、1.20%、1.35%、1.50%.试验期21 d.【结果和结论】1)随赖氨酸水平升高,1.05%~1.50%处理组的狮头鹅21日龄的平均日增质量显著高于对照组和0.90%组(P0.05);赖氨酸1.05%~1.50%处理组耗料增质量比均显著低于对照组和0.90%组(P0.05).2)对狮头鹅血清总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白的影响趋势相近,均在1.20%组达到最高,并显著高于0.90%、1.05%和1.35%组.血清尿酸和三酰甘油的浓度均在1.05%组最低,但各组之间差异不显著.血清碱性磷酸酶浓度在1.20%组达到最大值,显著高于1.05%、1.35%和1.50%组(P0.05).血清生长激素、胰岛素样生长因子1质量浓度各组间差异不显著.3)狮头鹅蛋白绝对沉积、相对沉积随饲粮赖氨酸水平的升高而升高,并且在赖氨酸为1.20%时达到较好的效果.研究表明,饲粮中添加赖氨酸可以有效地提高狮头鹅的生长性能,1~21日龄狮头鹅饲粮赖氨酸适宜水平为1.05%.     

固始鹅蛋壳质量性状分析

试验旨在分析固始鹅的蛋壳质量性状，为品种资源普查提供素材。在农户散放饲养的鹅中随机收集56枚鹅蛋，对鹅蛋的蛋壳重占总蛋重的比例和不同部位蛋壳厚度进行测定。结果表明，蛋壳重占总蛋重的比例平均为12.32%；平均蛋壳厚度为0.517 mm，大多数鹅蛋的蛋壳锐端厚度比钝端和中间高。     

番鸭细小病毒和鹅细小病毒生化及基因组特性的比较

番鸭细小病毒莆田株（MPV-P）和鹅细小病毒莆田株（GPV-P）分别感染的番鸭胚尿囊液经氯仿处理、PEG沉淀和Sepharose4B柱纯化。纯化样品在电镜下观察，均见到实心和空心2种病毒粒子。病毒粒子呈圆形，立体对称，无囊膜，直径为20-24nm。经SDS-PAGE分析，MPV和GPV均呈现3条结构蛋白带。MPV结构蛋白的相对分子质量约为VP1 89000、VP2 78000和VP3 61000，其中VP3为主要结构蛋白。GPV要相对分子质量与MPV有微小差别。MPV和GPV核酸均为单链DNA，长度约为51000bp。分别以MPV核酸和GPV核酸为模板，加到无引物的DNA聚合酶Ⅰ大片段合成体系中，合成产物经1%琼脂糖凝胶电泳，均可见长度约为5600bp的双链DNA带，证明MPV和GPV核酸的3'末端具有发夹结构。对这2种病毒核酸及经Klenow合成的双链核酸进行限制性内切酶分析，两者的酶切结果明显不同，表明MPV和GPV核酸在一级结构上存在明显差异。以上结果证明，MPV和GPV不但在致病性上有显著养异，而且在核酸结构上也有明显差异。     

应用核酸斑点杂交法检测鹅细小病毒(GPV)

利用鹅细小病毒 (GPV)核酸探针 ,设计并建立了核酸斑点杂交法 ,用以检测 GPV核酸。该方法特异性与敏感性均较好 ,其敏感度可达 3pg。应用该方法对 4例病变典型的小鹅瘟患鹅组织器官进行检测 ,结果表明 ,患鹅脏器中 ,小肠、心、肝、胰、脾组织含毒量较高 ,其中小肠组织含毒量最高 ,而脑组织中含毒量较低。应用琼脂扩散试验验证了核酸斑点杂交法的检测结果。