鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒血清亚型的研究

自内蒙古、北京、山东、江苏、浙江和广东等六省市的鸡群中分离到13个法氏囊病病毒(IBDV)株(NM、J_1、LQ、LD、ZC、SH、SJ、SY、SNT、SNY、SW、ZH 和 SZ 株),用这些毒株和标准强毒 DCA 株与3个 IBDV 血清Ⅰ型弱毒疫苗株(Lukert.B-2和 TAD 株)分别接种豚鼠或家兔,制备针对各 IBDV 株的特异性高免血清.作微量交叉中和试验。中和试验结果证明,13个野毒株和 DCA 株均属 IBDV 血清Ⅰ型毒株。17株 IBDV 的交叉中和试验结果表明17个 IBDV 毒株之间的抗原 R 值为0.13～1.19,经统计学分析,可分为8个血清亚型、国内六省市分离到的13个 IBDV 株分属4个亚型,DCA 株和3个弱毒疫苗株属另外4个不同的亚型,这些结果不仅说明在我国流行的 IBDV 株间抗原性存在显著差异,而且也证明野毒株与引进的弱毒疫苗株之间抗原性也存在显著差异.从而可以证实 IBDV 血清亚型株在我国的存在是造成免疫失败的一个重要因素.作者认为,今后研制和改进的 IBD 疫苗应由代表我国主要亚型的 IBD 毒株组成.将可能对国内流行的 IBDV 提供最大可能的保护。     

鸡传染性支气管炎病毒广西分离株血清型的分析

应用病毒感染的鸡胚材料免疫新西兰兔的方法制备抗鸡传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV)单因子血清,然后在鸡胚气管环培养(Tracheal organ cultures,TOC)上对广西分离的7个IBV代表性毒株和3个常用疫苗株进行交叉病毒中和试验。结果显示,10个毒株被分为6个血清型。根据试验所得的R值,应用聚类分析法分析了各血清型毒株之间的亲缘关系,显示目前在广西流行的IBV野毒株之间以及其与疫苗株间的抗原性存在很大程度的差异,分属不同的血清型。同时还对IBV基因分型和血清分型之间的关系进行了探讨。     

广西地区犬细小病毒检测及VP2基因序列分析

为了调查广西地区犬细小病毒(CPV)的优势毒株及其遗传变异情况,试验利用PCR方法对采自广西地区的423份犬血清样本进行CPV检测并扩增其VP2基因,利用MegAlign软件进行同源性比对并分析VP2蛋白主要突变的氨基酸位点,同时利用MEGA 7.0软件采用邻接法构建遗传进化树。结果表明：共获得55份CPV阳性血清样本,阳性率约为13.0%。PCR扩增得到大小约为1 755 bp的VP2基因。55株分离毒株之间的相似性为98.6%～100%;分离毒株与国内外参考毒株的相似性为97.4%～100%,与疫苗株Pfizer/vaccine/06的相似性为98.3%～98.9%。扩增序列的推导氨基酸主要在第5,297,370,426,440位发生变异。在55株分离毒株中,有32株为New CPV-2a亚型毒株,20株为CPV-2c亚型毒株,3株为New CPV-2b亚型毒株。55株分离毒株形成3个主要的流行分支,与国内参考毒株的亲缘关系较近,而与国外参考毒株、猫细小病毒的亲缘关系较远。说明New CPV-2a、CPV-2c、New CPV-2b亚型毒株在广西地区流行广泛,正逐步取代CPV-2a...     

鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒地方流行毒株的免疫原性

从河北省一些发病鸡场分离到JD1～JD10共10株鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒(IBDV)毒株,用IBD标准阳性血清以琼扩试验进行了初步鉴定.并进行了IBDV分离物及其鸡胚适应毒免疫原对标准强毒IBDV-BC6/85株免疫保护试验,D78弱毒疫苗对IBDV各分离毒株的免疫保护试验以及分离毒株间交互免疫保护试验.结果表明,D78疫苗对JD2,JD5和JD10 IBDV分离株的保护率较低,分别为40%、50%和60%.分离毒株JD5、JD2及其鸡胚传代物E-JD2对强毒株的免疫保护率可达100%.交互免疫保护试验表明,JD2对其余各分离株的免疫保护指数达到80%以上,对标准强毒株和地方分离株均可产生有效免疫保护.     

鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒地方流行株VP1基因片段的扩增及序列分析

为了解鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒(IBDV)地方流行毒株在基因组B节段关键序列上的分子进化情况,通过反转录PCR(RT-PCR)技术对6个IBDV不同地方分离株的VP1基因中与病毒致病型相关的一个片段(1 518bp~1 997bp,共480bp)进行扩增,并对所获得的VP1 480bp片段进行核苷酸的序列测定,与IBDV参考株和常用疫苗株的相应序列进行比较分析和绘制遗传进化树。结果表明,6个分离株与参考株在VP1RNA聚合酶基序Ⅵ和基序Ⅶ上均保守,在特征性氨基酸位点上,3个广西分离株QX0604、WZ0704和NN0603与参考的vvIBDV相同,而分离株BH111(广西)、JS17(江苏)和HUN0804(湖南)则既具有vvIBDV的位点特征,又具有经典毒株特征,但不同毒株在不同位点上表现不同;在同源性分析上,JS17、BH111、QX0604、WZ0704和NN0603等5个毒株与参考用vvIBDV毒株的同源性较高,在核苷酸和氨基酸水平上分别为92.5%~100.0%和97.5%~100.0%,但与2个常用疫苗株和经典毒株的同源性仅分别为87.9%~90.0%和96.2%~96.9%,分离株HUN0804则与经典毒株和2个疫苗株更接近;在遗传进化树上,JS17和BH111等5个分离株与vvIBDV在一个分支上,亲缘关系更近,而HUN0804则与经典毒株和2个疫苗株在另一个大分支。表明不同分离株在VP1的功能基序上保持保守,但分离株在特征性氨基酸位点上则发生了变化,大多数分离株与常用疫苗株之间的同源性较低,亲缘关系较远。     

传染性法氏囊病病毒VP2高表达毒株血清型分析与免疫试验

对 2个传染性法氏囊病病毒 (IBDV) VP2高表达毒株 0 0 ZB和 99TA3的血清亚型进行了分析 ,交叉中和试验表明 ,它们属不同的血清亚型。用这 2个毒株分别制备灭活疫苗进行免疫试验 ,试验保护率为 10 0 %,显示出良好的免疫效力。     

IBD病毒古典株和变异株之间抗原相关性的研究

传染性法氏囊病毒(IBDV)属于双股RNA病毒科,其基因组由两个片断的双链RNA组成.目前公认IBDV含有4种蛋白质:VP_1(90KDa)、VP_2(40KDa)、VP_3(32KDa)和VP_4(28KDa).另外还有一种附加蛋白质VP_x(48KDa),被认为是VP_2的前体.VP_2是重要的宿主保护性抗原,带有诱发中和抗体的抗原决定基.该中和抗体可区别两种血清型以及血清Ⅰ型中各毒株.VP_3是群特异性抗原.美国和欧洲已发现两种抗原性不同的血清型.大量的交叉中和试验表明,血清Ⅰ型各毒株间存在明显的抗原性差异.Jackwood等在参试的13个血清Ⅰ型毒株中鉴别出6个亚型.近来单抗的应用使人们已能分析IBDV血清Ⅰ型古典株和变异株之间的抗原性差异.Snyder等报道,从美国分离的新毒株发生了抗原漂移,从而导致了血清Ⅰ型古典株病毒两个中和位点中的一个发生缺失或移位.     

辽宁地区猪瘟病毒流行株E2基因序列分析

为了解近年来辽宁地区猪瘟流行毒株的遗传变异情况,本试验利用RT-PCR方法对2006年～2011年辽宁地区发病猪群中猪瘟病毒感染情况进行了检测并获得了20株猪瘟病毒E2基因部分编码序列的扩增片段,测序后得到276 bp的E2基因编码序列;并在此基础上利用DNAStar和MegAlign等软件对所测定的20株毒株与国内外参考毒株的相应序列进行了同源性分析及氨基酸序列比对.结果表明,20株猪瘟野毒株分别属于基因2.1、2.2亚型和1.1亚型,其中基因2.1亚型已经成为辽宁地区猪瘟病毒的优势流行毒株.属于基因2.1亚型的猪瘟野毒株与疫苗株之间的同源性在76.8％～80.5％之间,与经典强毒Shimen株的同源性在77.4％～81.1％之间.而病毒E2基因变异位点主要分布在所测序列的前30个氨基酸,与强毒Shimen株、疫苗株相比其变异率高达20％以上.说明近期流行毒株的变异呈现一定的多样性,并且多数毒株已向远离强毒Shimen株、疫苗株方向变异.     

从商品代来航雏鸡分离到传染性法氏囊病病毒变异株

本报告提供有关一株从蛋用雏鸡分离的血清Ⅰ型法氏囊病毒(IBDV)野毒株的特性资料,该野毒株和从肉鸡中分离到的变异株相关。实验设计设计了三个实验来确定IBDV疫苗株对用IN株攻击的交叉保护性。首先用IN株接种在用相同的疫苗株(UV)接种过的鸡群上进行测试(实验1);继而在接种UV株或变异株MD或E病毒疫苗的小鸡上进行重测(实验2)。实验3中,小鸡用标准     

传染性法氏囊病病毒变异的分子基础

鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒(IBDV)是传染性法氏囊病(IBD)的病原体。由于急性感染的高死亡率和亚临床感染严重的免疫抑制,IBDV对养禽业经济上有重大的影响[11,14]。IBDV共有两个血清型,即1型和2型,血清1型对鸡有致病性,血清2型分离自火鸡,对鸡无致病性。J.Rosenberger(1985)首次从美国特拉华半岛肉鸡群分离到4株IBDV变异株,1987年,荷兰、比利时爆发了与美国株不同的超强病毒(vvIBDV)。而后,英国、法国、西班牙、德国等欧洲国家相继分离到超强毒株。李树根(1991)等首次在国内分离到血清亚型株,李德山(1991)首次报道了中国超强毒株,朱爱国…     

Antigenic diversity of infectious bursal disease viruses

Statistically significant antigenic differences were detected among serotype I infectious bursal disease viruses (IBDV) using the virus-neutralization test. Eight serotype I commercial vaccine strains, five serotype I field strains, and two serotype II field strains were tested. Hyperimmune guinea pig antisera against heterologous and homologous IBDV strains were used in cross-neutralization tests. Relatedness values were calculated from geometric mean antibody titers based on a minimum of three tests. Six subtypes were distinguished among the 13 serotype I strains tested.     

The Characterization of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Strains/Isolates from Field Outbreaks in India

Pahar, B. and Rai, A., 1997. The characterization of infectious bursal disease virus strains/isolates from field outbreaks in India. Veterinary Research Communications, 21 (4), 289-301Three infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) isolates were adapted to culture in chick embryo fibroblast cells in which they produced a cytopathic effect. The isolates were identified as IBDV by virus neutralization tests using a standard hyperimmune serum against infectious bursal disease, physicochemical properties and their pathogenicity in chick embryos and chicks. The IBDV S394 strain was antigenically different from IBDV S194/IBDV S494 as well as from the IBDV Intermediate Georgia strain, one of the vaccine strains in use in India.     

Efficacy of live vaccines against serologic subtypes of infectious bursal disease virus

Experiments determined the efficacy of live vaccines in specific-pathogen-free broilers against serologic subtypes of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV). Challenge isolates were the Delmarva variant E, a standard serotype I (APHIS) and a variant isolate from Mississippi. The vaccines were a cloned standard (CS) vaccine (Clone Vac-D78), a cloned variant (CV) vaccine (Bursa Vac IV), and an uncloned standard (UCS) vaccine (Bursine II). The severity of microscopic lesions was correlated with bursal atrophy as measured by bursa-weight-to-body-weight ratios. All vaccines provided adequate protection against the APHIS challenge. The three vaccines averaged 77% protection against APHIS in the first experiment and 78% in the second. Protection against the variant E and Miss isolates was considerably less for all vaccines. The three vaccines produced an average 70% protection against the Miss isolate in the first experiment and 69% in the second experiment. Against the variant E virus, the three vaccines averaged 67% protection in the first experiment and 65% in the second. There were significant differences in protection for each vaccine against individual IBDV subtypes. Results showed that no vaccine provided good protection (at least 80%) against all three subtypes of IBDV.     

Protective immune responses of recombinant VP2 subunit antigen of infectious bursal disease virus in chickens

Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) is the causative agent of Gumboro disease and poses a huge threat to poultry industry. The risks associated with conventional attenuated viral vaccines make it indispensable to probe into the development of novel and rationally designed subunit vaccines which are safer as well as effective. VP2 is the major host-protective antigen found in IBDV capsid. It encompasses different independent epitopes responsible for the induction of neutralizing antibody. Here, we report the efficacy of the immunodominant fragment of VP2 which induces both humoral and cellular immunity against infectious bursal disease. A 366bp fragment (52-417bp) of the VP2 gene from an IBDV field isolate was amplified and expressed in Escherichia coli as a 21kDa recombinant protein. The efficacy of rVP2(52-417) antigen was compared with two commercial IBDV whole virus vaccine strains. The rVP2(52-417) induced significantly high antibody titres in chicken compared to commercial vaccines and the anti-rVP2(52-417) sera showed reactivity with viral antigens from both commercial strains (P<0.0001) and field isolates. Also, the chicken splenocytes from rVP2(52-417) immunized group showed a significantly high proliferation (P<0.01) compared to other groups, which implies that the rVP2(52-417) fragment contains immunogenic epitopes capable of eliciting both B and T cell responses. Further, rVP2(52-417) conferred 100% protection against vIBDV challenge in the immunized chickens which was significantly higher (P<0.001) compared to 55-60% protection by commercial vaccine strains. Hence, the study confirms the efficacy of the immunodominant VP2 fragment that could be used as a potent vaccine against IBDV infection in chicken.     

Differentiation of infectious bursal disease viruses by restriction enzyme analysis of RT-PCR amplified VP1 gene sequence

In order to differentiate infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) isolates/strains, a quick method of RT-PCR followed by restriction enzyme analysis of VP1 gene sequence is being reported for the first time. A 480 bp fragment, comprising one of the RNA dependent RNA polymerase motifs of VP1 gene sequence of an Indian classical virus, an attenuated vaccine strain, Georgia and two Indian field isolates, genetically similar to reported very virulent strains of IBDV, was amplified by RT-PCR. Restriction enzyme digestion of PCR products with Taq1 enzyme generated distinct profile for field isolates, different from the classical and attenuated viruses, whereas restriction profile with BstNI restriction enzyme was similar in all the viruses, irrespective of the pathotype. Therefore, the present results suggest that Taq1 digestion can be taken up for the differentiation of field isolates from the classical and vaccine strains. The sequence analysis of VPI gene of reported very virulent IBD viruses from Europe and Japan, using 'MapDraw' programme of Lasergene software, revealed similar restriction enzyme profile as in Indian field isolates.     

浙江地区传染性法氏囊病病毒野毒株的血清亚型分析

７个浙江地区的ＩＢＤＶ野毒株、１个四川地区的ＩＢＤＶ野毒株和２个疫苗毒株经病毒血清交叉中和试验获得了抗原性不同的五个亚型毒株或变异株。根据交叉中和试验所得的Ｒ值，应用聚类分析法分析了各亚型毒株之间的亲缘关系，显示传染性法氏囊病病毒的变异存在地域性差异。     

三株鸡传染性法氏囊病毒弱毒株的分离与分子鉴定

本试验在江苏省鸡场分离获得3株鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒（IBDV）,采用RT—PCR法扩增VP2基因,将产物克隆入pMD18T载体,经测序,并与IBDV代表株VP2基因的高变区序列进行分析比较。结果显示,3个分离株与超强毒株、强毒株、突变株及弱毒株的核苷酸同源性在89．5％～98．9％之间,与弱毒株Cu-1和疫苗株PBG-98同源性最高,为98．9％;推导出的氨基酸序列与代表性毒株的同源性在98．2％～99．5％之间。其中,七肽区的第三个丝氨酸残基突变为精氨酸或苏氨酸,279和284位氨基酸残基突变为天冬氨酸和苏氨酸,222、294和299位氨基酸残基分别突变为脯氨酸、亮氨酸和天冬氨酸。上述试验表明3株分离株均为临床弱毒株。