表达猪瘟病毒石门株E0抗原的重组腺病毒构建及免疫性的研究

应用PCR从pMD18-T-E0质粒中扩增编码CSFV E0蛋白的基因片段,定向克隆到重组腺病毒Adeasy-1系统的穿梭质粒pAdTrack-CMV上,采用细菌内同源重组“两步转化法”构建携带CSFV E0基因的重组腺病毒基因组质粒pAdEasy-E0,转染293细胞,成功包装出重组腺病毒pAd-E0,PCR证实E0基因已整合至腺病毒基因组中,用Western blot检测到重组病毒感染293细胞中E0蛋白的表达。重组病毒免疫小鼠和猪,结果2次免疫后产生明显的免疫应答,ELISA检测小鼠血清抗体滴度分别为1∶512和1∶10240;猪血清抗体滴度分别为1∶16和1∶64。本研究成功构建了表达猪瘟病毒E0基因的非复制型重组腺病毒,该重组病毒免疫小鼠可产生较高的抗体滴度,免疫猪后能提供一定的保护效果。     

猪瘟病毒E0和E2蛋白融合表达的重组腺病毒构建及免疫保护性研究

为评价重组腺病毒融合表达猪瘟病毒(CSFV)E0和E2蛋白的免疫保护效果,本研究以CSFV基因组为模板,应用RT-PCR扩增E0和E2蛋白的编码基因,通过pET-32a载体将E0和E2基因串联,形成pET-E0-E2重组质粒。用KpnⅠ和NotⅠ双酶切pET-E0-E2得到E0-E2融合基因,定向亚克隆于穿梭载体pAdTrack-CMV中,采用"两步转化法"在细菌内同源重组,构建携带E0-E2基因的重组腺病毒转移载体质粒pAdEasy-E0-E2,经PacⅠ酶切线性化后转染人胚胎肾细胞(HEK293),成功包装出重组腺病毒(rAd-E0-E2),PCR和western blot检测表明,E0-E2基因已重组于腺病毒基因组中并获得表达。将rAd-E0-E2接种于小鼠和猪,并通过ELISA进行抗体检测。另外,将rAd-E0-E2经肌肉2次(间隔7d)免疫接种6周龄～7周龄猪,3周后用103TCID50CSFV石门株攻毒。结果表明,rAd-E0-E2免疫组6/7头存活,各组织器官带毒时间不超过10d,而非重组腺病毒rAd-CMV免疫组和空白对照组全部死亡,各组织器官均能分离到CSFV。结果提示,rAd-E0-E2能使免疫猪抵抗CSFV强毒攻击,为进一步研制猪瘟基因工程疫苗提供了实验依据。     

PRRSV ORF5基因和CSFV E2基因重组真核表达质粒的构建及小鼠免疫试验

根据猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)、猪瘟病毒(CSFV)已知序列设计3对引物,采用RTPCR方法扩增PRRSV ORF5基因和CSFV E2基因,目的基因依次插入真核表达载体pcDNA4.0,经PCR、酶切及测序分析,重组质粒构建成功,并命名为pcDNA4.0-ORF5-E2.重组质粒回收提纯后,以100 μg/只剂量免疫小鼠,免疫3次.三免后10 d采血并制备血清,用间接ELISA检测小鼠血清中PRRSV及CSFV抗体效价.结果显示,所构建的重组质粒能够诱导小鼠产生PRRSV及CSFV抗体.     

猪水疱病自杀性DNA疫苗的初步研究

利用RT—PCR技术，用保真酶扩增获得猪水疱病病毒外壳蛋白1BCD基因，克隆于DNA复制子载体pSCAl中，获得重组质粒pSCA／1BCD。将重组质粒转染BHK-21细胞，RT-PCR法和间接免疫荧光法检测显示，猪水疱病病毒外壳蛋白基因在转染细胞中表达。豚鼠免疫试验表明，自杀性DNA疫苗pSCA／1BCD可诱导SVDV特异性抗体和T淋巴细胞增殖。     

猪瘟病毒贵州流行株E2基因原核表达及其免疫原性的研究

本研究根据GenBank登录的猪瘟病毒Shimen和C株的E2基因序列设计1对特异引物,采集来自贵州的疑似猪瘟病死猪组织,提取总RNA,进行RT-PCR扩增,将扩增产物测序后进行核苷酸序列比较分析.并将RTPCR产物克隆到pMD18-T载体上,构建重组质粒pMD18-T-E2,经双酶切鉴定、核苷酸序列分析后,将E2基因亚克隆到pET-32a(+)原核表达载体上,成功构建猪瘟病毒E2基因原核表达质粒pET-32a-E2,将构建好的原核表达质粒pET-32a-E2转化至宿主菌BL21中,诱导表达目的蛋白,表达产物经SDS-PAGE电泳、Western blot分析,得到了约58 ku的条带,与预期大小相符,进一步提取、纯化目的蛋白,将目的蛋白加入弗氏佐剂免疫小鼠,免疫后采血检测抗体,结果显示目的蛋白能诱导小鼠产生一定抗体水平,该研究为猪瘟亚单位疫苗的研究奠定了基础.     

用金标卡与RT-PCR对猪瘟的快速诊断及其病毒E2基因的序列分析

试验用金标卡对临床检查疑似猪瘟的病猪抗体和抗原分别进行初步检测,同时根据GenBank已发表的猪瘟病毒E2基因的cDNA序列设计并合成1对特异性引物,提取病料总RNA,通过RT-PCR技术扩增长1 137 kb的E2基因片段并进行验证,再将RT-PCR产物克隆到pMD18-T载体上,构建了重组质粒pMD18-T-E2,经双酶切和序列测定,说明均已成功获得了猪瘟病毒E2基因和重组体pMD18-T-E2.测序结果与国内外已发表的毒株分别进行序列同源性比较和数据分析及绘制系统进化树,结果表明:该毒株与国内标准毒株Shimen株和C株具有较高的同源性.表明用金标卡结合RT-PCR能对猪瘟进行快速诊断.     

牛病毒性腹泻/粘膜病病毒核酸疫苗的构建及其免疫效果研究

为提高牛病毒性腹泻/粘膜病(BVD/MD)核酸疫苗的免疫效力,本实验应用PCR方法扩增BVD病毒(BVDV) E0基因,构建真核表达质粒pVAX1-E0,转染293T细胞,经RT-PCR和western blot分析显示,转染细胞能够瞬时表达E0蛋白.并分别将pVAX1、pVAX1-E0或将pVAX1-E0分别与一种表达细胞因子基因的重组质粒作为佐剂(pVAX1-IL-2、pVAX1-IL-4及pVAX1-IFN-γ)免疫小鼠,采用间接ELISA法检测免疫小鼠BVDV抗体效价,以MTT法检测免疫小鼠脾淋巴细胞的增殖活性.实验结果表明,与pVAX1-E0相比,接种pVAX1-E0/pVAX1-IL-2小鼠血清E0抗体水平及淋巴细胞增殖水平显著提高(p＜0.01),表明细胞因子基因佐剂IL-2能够有效提高BVDV E0核酸疫苗免疫效果,可以刺激小鼠产生良好的免疫应答.     

猪瘟病毒E2基因密码子优化后在昆虫细胞中的表达

将猪瘟病毒E2基因密码子改造后,克隆入pFastBac1质粒载体,经转座、转染后构建重组杆状病毒.并对表达产物进行鉴定分析.结果:E2基因改造后与设计序列一致;成功获得了重组杆状病毒(BAC/SE2M),采用猪瘟E2单抗WH303进行Western-blot和ELISA鉴定,证明:表达的CSFV E2蛋白特异性好,纯化后的E2蛋白,可用于猪瘟抗体检测试剂盒的开发.     

稳定表达猪瘟病毒E2蛋白的BHK细胞系的构建

猪瘟病毒(CSFV)的E2蛋白是引起猪体产生针对猪瘟保护性抗体的主要抗原,构建可稳定表达CSFV E2蛋白的细胞系,可为E2蛋白功能研究及基因工程猪瘟疫苗的研制提供物质基础。本研究将CSFV E2基因克隆至慢病毒表达载体,构建重组慢病毒表达质粒pCDH-E2。将pCDH-E2重组质粒与慢病毒包装质粒共转染293T细胞,获得重组慢病毒。将该慢病毒感染BHK-21细胞,经嘌呤霉素抗性筛选结合有限稀释法筛选出可表达CSFV E2蛋白的BHK细胞系。Western blot分析结果显示,所构建的重组细胞系传至第10代仍能稳定表达CSFV E2蛋白。该细胞系的建立为研制猪瘟新型重组疫苗及其生产奠定基础。     

猪瘟病毒T细胞表位与猪细小病毒VP2融合基因在重组杆状病毒中的表达

将猪细小病毒分离株LJL12 VP2基因和猪瘟病毒多肽基因E290克隆至真核表达载体pMel Ba-cA,将该重组质粒与Bac-N-Blue DNA共转染昆虫细胞,并对表达产物进行分析,构建了表达猪瘟病毒T细胞表位和猪细小病毒VP2融合蛋白的重组杆状病毒。结果显示,获得了含VP2基因和E290基因的重组质粒pM-VP2-E290,昆虫细胞sf9的表达产物经SDS-PAGE、Western-blot检测后确定所表达的蛋白质分子质量大小约为67 ku,且具有天然蛋白的抗原特性。免疫电镜观察可见表达产物形成的病毒样颗粒。证实,成功构建了同时含有PPV VP2基因和CSFV特异性T细胞表位基因的重组杆状病毒,并在昆虫细胞中得到了高效表达。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

獭兔睾丸的组织学观察

家兔作为一种实验动物 ,推动了繁殖技术的发展。本试验通过对不同年龄公獭兔的睾丸进行组织学观察、测定 ,研究精子的发生规律 ,为系统地进行繁殖生理工作提供依据。1　材料与方法选 60日龄、75日龄、90日龄 3个年龄公獭兔各5只 ,用外科手术法摘取两侧睾丸 ,放入 Bouin氏液中固定 ,二甲苯透明 ,石蜡包埋 ,切成 5～ 8μm切片 ,H.E.染色。在显微镜下观察 ,并进行定量组织学指标测定及差异性比较。2　结果和讨论2 .1　睾丸定量组织学指标的测定结果　见表 1。表 1　獭兔睾丸定量组织学指标　　　μm,个 /精细管60日龄 75日龄 90日龄曲细精管…     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Observations of fracture of the anconeal process of the ulna of swine

Fractures of the anconeal process of 5 pigs ranging in age from 4 to 8 months were studied radiographically and histologically. Clinically, animals with a fracture of the anconeal process had a "tight," restricted gait. In pigs at 4.5 months of age, a radiolucent line through the base of the anconeal process was composed of fibrocartilage, fibrous connective tissue, and hyaline cartilage. Subperiosteal proliferation of woven bone was located along the cranial surface of the olecranon, adjacent to the base of the anconeal process. In older animals, the radiolucent line through the anconeal process contained variable amounts of fibrous connective tissue and fibrocartilage. The proliferation of subperiosteal bone at the base of the anconeal process formed a "buttress callus" which retained a radiolucent area between the callus and the proximal surface of the anconeal process. The latter region of radiolucency was continuous with the transversely oriented line that traversed the base of the anconeal process.     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.