鸡传染性支气管炎病毒山西地方分离株的血清学分析

应用病毒感染的鸡胚材料免疫兔的方法制备抗鸡传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV)单因子血清,然后在鸡胚上对山西分离的6个毒株和6个参考株进行交叉病毒中和试验。结果显示,这6株病毒与参考毒株不属于同种血清型,但分离株之间存在部分交叉免疫保护,证实了鸡传染性支气管炎病毒毒株在山西地区存在变异。     

平顶山市分离到一株鸡肾型传染性支气管炎病毒

最近我们从平顶山市某养鸡场的发病鸡群中分离到１株病毒（ＰＳ株）。分离毒经鸡胚传代后可使鸡胚出现死亡、卷曲胚或侏儒胚;不能直接凝集１％鸡红细胞,经１％胰酶处理后能凝集鸡红细胞;干扰试验表明分离毒有干扰ＮＤＬａＳｏｔａ株在鸡胚上生长的特性;中和试验表明分离毒与Ｍ４１株抗原性差异较大,而与Ｔ株抗原性基本一致,这与肾型ＩＢＶ一致;电镜观察到的病毒粒子具有典型的冠状结构;回归试验能使雏鸡死亡,出现肾脏肿大、肾小管和输尿管充满白色尿酢盐沉积等特征性病变。因此认为分离毒为肾型ＩＢＶ。分离到的ＰＳ株是从外地购买…     

关于鸡传染性支气管炎病毒肾型变异株的研究

从病鸡肾脏分离到一株病毒，电镜观察病毒粒子呈圆形，直径１００ｎｍ左右，有典型的冠状纤突。ＳＰＦ鸡胚传代，鸡胚发育迟缓。气管环组织培养法测定ＴＣＩＤ５０为１０＾６．４／ｍｌ。分离毒对乙醚敏感，不耐热，５６℃水浴１５ｍｉｎ失活。病毒无血凝特性，但径兔Ａ型魏氏梭菌培养液处理后出现血凝性，ＨＡ效价为３Ｌｏｇ２。血清交叉中和试验结果表明，分离毒的血清型不同于已有的Ｍａｓｓａｃｈｕｓｅｔｔｓ、Ｃｏｎｎｅｃｔｉ     

一株类4/91病毒的初步研究

从发病鸡群中分离到一株病毒，通过鸡胚接种、电镜观察、动物回归试验、气管环交叉中和试验等，初步确定为传染性支气管炎病毒，暂命名为A2。外源病原检查结果为阴性。攻毒试验：在气管、肾以及肌肉等组织均有明显的病变；病理组织观察；在气管、肾脏和肌肉均发生了一定程度的病理变化。利用电泳对传统的病毒株和分离株进行了病毒结构蛋白分析，A2株出现了31kD的特殊蛋白条带。气管环交叉中和试验表明A2株与4／91病毒为同一血清型；临床的动物免疫试验结果表明，4／91疫苗有较好的保护作用。     

致肾病变为主的鸡传染性支气管炎病毒分离

通过鸡胚接种、传代,从病鸡肺、肾病料中分离出一株病毒、该病毒对鸡胚的致死率和卷曲胚的出现率均达到50%或50%以上;部分鸡胚的肾脏有白色尿酸盐沉积.结合病毒干扰试验和回归小鸡,本次分离物为传染性支气管炎病毒.发病鸡群的剖检变化以肾脏和输尿管的病变为主.同时伴发气囊炎.本次疫病确诊为鸡传染性支气管炎肾病变型.     

一株鸡传染性支气管炎病毒变异株的分离与鉴定

对辽宁省沈阳地区某鸡场发生的临床症状及病理剖人变化疑似鸡传染性支气管炎的病例,无菌采集肾脏、肺脏、气管等组织,接种ＳＰＦ鸡胚,经病毒形态观察、血凝特性试验、动物回归试验证实,我们分离到一株鸡传染性支气管炎病毒;经病毒中和试验及核甘酸序列分析表明。该病毒为一株变异株。     

鹅源副粘病毒NA-1株与鸡新城疫病毒F48E9株的抗原变异关系分析

对鹅源副粘病毒NA-1株和鸡新城疫病毒F48E9株进行鸡胚半数感染量（EID50）与半数细胞感染量（TCID50）的测定,并采用交叉血凝抑制试验、鸡胚交叉中和试验、细胞交叉中和试验、交叉动物保护试验的比较,确定2种抗原的抗原比值和相似程度。结果表明：前3个交叉中和试验的R值分别为0.446、0.50、0.56,表明2毒株确实存在抗原差异;交叉动物保护试验说明,对制苗毒株的保护率高于非制苗毒株,提示仅采用新城疫疫苗很难有效预防鹅副粘病毒病,应倡导用现地分离的毒株制苗。     

鸡肾型传染性支气管炎病毒的分离与鉴定

山东省某些大型鸡场自１９９４年以来,连续爆发一种传染快,发病急,死亡率高的呼吸道疫病。剖检出现肾脏病变。从发病鸡场陆续分离到了多个毒株,经过鸡胚传代,新城疫中和,血凝检测,电镜观察,病毒干扰,动物回归,气管环培养等试验确诊所分离的病毒为鸡传染性支气管炎病毒,并对其理化特性进行了研究。     

一株新城疫强毒株的分离鉴定

从昌吉市肉种鸡发病鸡群中分离到1株病毒,对其进行了SPF鸡胚接种试验,HA及NDV和AIVH5、H9单因子血清HI试验,动物回归试验,MDTI、CPI和IVPI毒力学指标测定,分离株与NDV Lasota株交叉HI试验,鸡胚半数感染量(EID50)测定。结果表明,分离株的MDT为55 h;ICPI为1.78;IVPI为2.41,第6代病毒EID50为3.98×10-8/0.1 mL。分离株能被NDV La-soda株阳性血清中和,动物回归试验鸡出现典型的新城疫症状。证明该毒株为新城疫强毒株。     

雏半番鸭呼肠孤病毒的分离与鉴定

自以肝脏、脾脏、胰腺、肾脏表面出现多量针尖大的白色坏死点和法氏囊出血为特征的病死雏半番鸭脏器中 ,以番鸭胚分离到病毒 ,经对分离的病毒株 (FZ2 株 )进行形态学观察、理化特性测定以及血清定性中和试验等 ,发现该病毒无囊膜 ,直径为 5 5～ 70 nm;对氯仿处理敏感 ,对乙醚处理不敏感 ;无血凝活性 ;可被鸡关节炎病毒阳性血清、雏番鸭呼肠孤病毒阳性血清所中和 ,但与鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒、鸡减蛋综合征病毒无血清学关系。据此 ,确定 FZ2 株病毒为呼肠孤病毒     

H9N2亚型禽流感病毒TJ1株的分离与鉴定

从发病蛋鸡群分离到H9N2亚型禽流感病毒TJ1株,对其进行了系统的生物学特性鉴定.结果表明,分离毒TJ1株具有血凝性,且凝集不被新城疫和产蛋下降综合征抗血清抑制,而被H9亚型禽流感病毒标准阳性血清抑制,禽流感琼扩试验结果为阳性,在电镜下呈典型的流感病毒粒子形态,证明该毒株为A型流感病毒;通过致病力试验,分离毒TJ1株对6周龄SPF鸡无致病性,为低致病性毒株;用其制备成油乳剂灭活疫苗免疫雏鸡,能很快产生对H9特异的血凝抑制抗体,于免疫后3周攻毒,可以保护雏鸡抵御同病毒攻击的感染,表明分离毒TJ1株具有良好的免疫原性.     

缺失部分miRNA的重组马立克氏病病毒致病性研究

马立克氏病(MD)是由马立克氏病病毒(MDV)引起的T淋巴细胞增生性疾病.为了研究MDV编码的miRNA与致瘤性的关系,通过对缺失部分miRNA的MDV-MS毒株进行动物感染试验,并将其结果与MDV-MS强毒株的致病性的试验结果进行比较.结果表明:缺失miRNA的重组MDV对无特定病原体(SPF)鸡无致病性,而接种MDV-MS毒株的SPF鸡却显示出很强的MD典型症状.此结果证实MD V编码的miRNA对MDV的致瘤性起到重要的作用.另外,通过对重组MDV感染鸡的羽髓病毒载量的动态检测,发现此处编码MDV-miRNA的基因为复制非必须区,但重组病毒rMS△miR9-12比亲本病毒MDV-MS的体内复制能力有所下降.     

Isolation of Getah virus from dead fetuses extracted from a naturally infected sow in Japan.

Three viruses producing a cytopathic effect in cell culture were isolated from dead fetuses extracted from a naturally infected sow, and were found to be serologically identical by neutralization tests. One of the viruses was cloned and named the Sakura strain. The Sakura strain was identified as Getah virus by cross-neutralization tests.     

A comparison of gel diffusion, fluorescent antibody and virus isolation methods in experimental and natural cases of infectious bursal disease.

In studies with chicks inoculated with the Sk-1 strain of infectious bursal agent the bursa of Fabricius was found to be the tissue of choice for virus isolation as well as for use in the fluorescent antibody test and the agar gel diffusion test. In separate experiments positive results were obtained until postinoculation days 3 or 4 by the agar gel diffusion test, 5 or 6 by the fluorescent antibody test and 14 by the virus isolation method, respectively. Bursas from chickens involved in seven natural outbreaks of infectious bursal disease were then examined by these three methods. Virus was isolated from six outbreaks and infectious bursal agent antigen was demonstrated in three by the agar gel diffusion test method and seven (three by direct examination and four after one passage in chicks) by the fluorescent antibody test method. Passage in chicks was required when nonspecific fluorescence complicated the interpretation of fluorescent antibody test results.     

传染性法氏囊病病毒广西分离株血清亚型的确定

应用兔制备的抗传染性法氏囊病病毒(IBDV)高免血清,在鸡胚成纤维细胞(CEF)上对从广西发病鸡群分离的4个IBDV代表性流行毒株和2个常用疫苗株进行交叉中和试验。结果表明6个毒株被分为2个血清亚型;根据试验所得的R值,应用聚类分析法分析了各亚型毒株之间的亲缘关系,结果显示目前在广西流行的IBDV野毒株之间以及其与疫苗株间的抗原性存在一定的差异。研究结果对及时掌握广西IBDV流行毒株的抗原变异并为研制更有效的适合本地使用的IBD疫苗提供了科学依据。     

Isolation and characterization of new infectious bronchitis virus variants in Hungary

Two agents not agglutinating chicken erythrocytes were isolated, one in each of two flocks, from organ samples and tracheal swabs taken from 4- to 7-week-old chicks of 8 broiler flocks experiencing respiratory signs. Virus isolation was done in embryonated SPF hen's eggs. Morphological changes of the embryos, appearing as dwarfing or curling into a spherical form, usually occurred in the 3rd or 4th passage on postinoculation (PI) days 5-9. Some embryos had swollen kidneys covered with urate. Electron microscopy of ultrathin sections of these kidneys revealed the presence of virions reminiscent of coronaviruses. Similar viral particles were seen in resuspended pellets of isolates concentrated by ultracentrifugation. Based on embryo changes, cross-neutralization tests with type-specific antisera, physicochemical tests, results obtained in cell cultures, and electron microscopic findings the two isolates were identified as infectious bronchitis virus (IBV). By cross-neutralization tests the isolates differed from IBV reference strains M41 and H52 and can be considered distinct variants. Elucidation of their epizootiological role requires further investigations.     

Immunologic comparison of the proteins of pseudorabies (Aujeszky's disease) virus and bovine herpesvirus-1

The immunologic relationship between bovine herpesvirus-1 and pseudorabies virus was examined by 80% serum cross-neutralization test, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, and Western immunoblotting procedures. Immunogenic cross reactivity between the 2 viruses was observed with both the serum-neutralization test and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. A probing of viral Western immunoblots with rabbit hyperimmune antiserum showed that there were a number of viral-specific cross-reactive proteins between bovine herpesvirus-1 and pseudorabies virus.     

鸭源新城疫病毒的生物学特性

用鸡胚尿囊腔传代法从23个鸭泄殖腔拭子中分离到1株病毒，经血凝(HA)和血凝抑制(HI)试验鉴定为新城疫病毒。该毒株ELD50为5．85log10，鸡胚平均致死时间(MDT)为92．5h，1日龄鸡脑内致病指数(ICPI)为0．5，6周龄鸡静脉接种致病指数(IVPI)为0．3，属于中等偏弱毒力的毒株。该毒株不引起6周龄雏鸡发病。结果表明家鸭也能感染NDV。     

肉仔鸡新城疫疫苗免疫效果观察

为了解宝鸡某鸡场对内仔鸡新城疫的免疫情况,对免疫接种后鸡群随机采血分离血清,通过血凝抑制试验测定血清抗体效价,评价疫苗免疫对鸡群的保护作用.结果显示,用Clone-30株、La Sota株做4单位毒测得血清抗体效价均在25以上,而用当地分离株测得同样血清的抗体效价在21～22之间,并且试验后期鸡群发病.结果表明此次免疫...     

Serological Incidence of Avian Reovirus Infection in Broiler-breeders and Progeny in Nova Scotia

The plaque neutralization test and the agar gel precipitation test were used to detect neutralizing and precipitating antibody to avian reovirus strain WVU2937 in sera from 14 commercial broiler breeder flocks and eight progeny flocks. Ten breeder flocks (71%) possessed positive agar gel precipitation reactors (598 sera tested) and 12 (86%) possessed plaque neutralization reactors (114 serum pools tested). All broiler flocks possessed agar gel precipitation reactors, but these were not examined for neutralizing antibody. As no avian reovirus vaccine had been used in Canada prior to this survey these reactions were presumably due to natural infection. Clinical evidence suggested that such infection was asymptomatic in most cases.The development and persistence of antibody to reovirus strain WVU2937 was followed in chicks exposed to the virus by oral inoculation or by contact. Neutralizing antibody was demonstrated in all birds by postinoculation day 17 and this persisted for at least six months. Precipitating antibody was also demonstrated in most chicks by postinoculation day 17, but by six months only 12% of the chicks were still agar gel precipitation positive.