突变缺失Apx毒素分泌蛋白基因apxⅢB和apxⅢD的胸膜肺炎放线杆菌血清2型的构建与鉴定

经鉴定,Apx毒素是猪胸膜肺炎的病原体—胸膜肺炎放线杆菌的重要毒力因子。在一些胸膜肺炎放线杆菌血清型中,Apx毒素是由apxⅢB和apxⅢD编码后经细胞膜分泌的。为了构建1株抗胸膜肺炎放线杆菌的活疫苗株,笔者将胸膜肺炎放线杆菌血清2型菌株-1536的apxⅢB和apxⅢD基因进行灭活,从而构建DeltaapxⅢB/DapxⅢD突变株(1536DeltaBDeltaD)。用活的1536DeltaBDeltaD胸膜肺炎放线杆菌对猪进行免疫后,能保护猪免于同源的野生型胸膜肺炎放线杆菌1536的攻击。因此,被损坏的Apx毒素分泌物可使胸膜肺炎放线杆菌的毒力减弱,并可作为开发胸膜肺炎放线杆菌弱毒疫苗的有效策略。     

育肥猪传染性胸膜肺炎的诊断及分离菌毒力基因检测

<正>猪传染性胸膜肺炎(Porcine contagious pleuropneumonia,PCP)是由胸膜肺炎放线杆菌(Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae,APP)感染所引起的一种高度接触性、致死性呼吸系统疾病,以急性纤维素性胸膜肺炎、出血坏死性肺炎或慢性局灶性坏死性肺炎为特征~([1])。目前研究发现,APP有4种外毒素,即ApxⅠ、ApxⅡ、ApxⅢ、ApxⅣ,是APP的主要毒力因子~([2])。     

胸膜肺炎放线杆菌的主要毒力因子及其致病性研究进展

胸膜肺炎放线杆菌(Actinobacillus pleuropneum oniae,APP)的毒力因子有很多,其中主要包括外毒素、脂多糖、荚膜多糖、外膜蛋白、转铁结合蛋白、黏附素等,这些毒力因子都能引起胸膜肺炎的发生。1 APP的主要毒力因子及致病性1.1外毒素目前为止已经发现胸膜肺炎放线杆菌可以产生4种毒素。这些毒素都属于RTX(R epeat in structure Toxin)毒素家族,且不同血清型的APP所分泌的毒素种类不同,毒素的溶血性及细胞毒性也不同,因此可以作为分型的依据[1]。ApxⅠ和ApxⅡ具有溶血活性和细胞毒性作用,而ApxⅢ只有细胞毒性作用。ApxⅠ溶血活性强于…     

猪传染性胸膜肺炎的研究进展(一)

胸膜肺炎放线杆菌(A.pleuropneumoniae,APP)是猪传染性胸膜肺炎的病原,本文综述了APP的分类学位置、生物学性状及毒素产生等方面的研究进展。     

胸膜肺炎放线杆菌ApxII毒素结构基因的原核表达以及重组蛋白的免疫原性分析

猪传染性胸膜肺炎(Porcine infectious pleuropneumonia)是由胸膜肺炎放线杆菌(Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae,APP)引起的猪的一种呼吸道疾病。本实验以APP血清7型的一株现地分离株L25-4株为研究对象,对其分泌的ApxⅡ毒素的结构基因apxⅡA进行了全基因克隆和测序,并利用原核表达载体pGEX-6P-1在E.coli中进行了原核表达。表达产物以包涵体形式存在,包涵体蛋白经过洗涤后作为抗原用于Western-blotting免疫印迹实验,结果表明重组的ApxⅡA蛋白具有良好的免疫原性。     

猪嗜血杆菌胸膜肺炎的血清学检测

猪嗜血杆菌胸膜肺炎是由胸膜肺炎放线杆菌(Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae,AP)即胸膜肺炎嗜血杆菌(Haemophilus pleuropneumoniae,HP)最早亦称为副溶血嗜血杆菌(H.parahaemolyticus)引起猪的一种伴有胸膜肺炎的出血性坏死性肺炎。本病具有高度传染性,多呈最急性或急性病程而迅     

涪陵区集约化猪场猪传染性胸膜肺炎血清学调查

猪传染性胸膜肺炎是由胸膜肺炎嗜血杆菌(HPP)又称胸膜肺炎放线杆菌(APP)引起的一种猪的呼吸道传染病,其主要造成猪急性纤维素性胸膜肺炎或慢性局灶性坏死性肺炎。APP是有荚膜的革兰氏阴性小杆菌,是对猪有高度宿主特异性的呼吸道寄生菌。高度保守的弱溶血毒素ApxⅣ存在于APP15个血清型中,具有特异性。在体外培养的APP不能检测到该毒素,只有在体内感染(自然感染)的情况下才能够检测到ApxIV毒素及其抗体。     

猪传染性胸膜肺炎的诊治

猪传染性胸膜肺炎是由胸膜肺炎放线杆菌(ac-tinobcillus pleuropneumoniae,APP)引起的猪的一种细菌性呼吸道传染病,临床上以出现肺炎或胸膜肺炎的典型症状和病理变化为特征(吴清民,2001).APP是革兰氏阴性有荚膜的球杆菌,为巴氏杆菌科放线杆菌属成员.     

恒丰强猪病诊治平台

猪传染性胸膜肺炎的诊治 猪传染性胸膜肺炎(Porcine contagious pleuropneumonia,PCP)又称猪胸膜肺炎,是由猪胸膜肺炎放线杆菌(Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae,APP)引起的一种猪呼吸系统严重接触性传染病.     

猪胸膜肺炎放线杆菌病原的分离与鉴定

猪接触传染性胸膜肺炎(Porcine contagious pleuropneumonia)是由猪胸膜肺炎放线杆菌(A.pleuropneumoniae)引起猪的以肺炎和胸膜炎病变为主的呼吸道传染病。近20年,该病在日本、     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.     

Mechanism of Action of Probiotic Function of Lactobacilli

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制.     

獭兔睾丸的组织学观察

家兔作为一种实验动物 ,推动了繁殖技术的发展。本试验通过对不同年龄公獭兔的睾丸进行组织学观察、测定 ,研究精子的发生规律 ,为系统地进行繁殖生理工作提供依据。1　材料与方法选 60日龄、75日龄、90日龄 3个年龄公獭兔各5只 ,用外科手术法摘取两侧睾丸 ,放入 Bouin氏液中固定 ,二甲苯透明 ,石蜡包埋 ,切成 5～ 8μm切片 ,H.E.染色。在显微镜下观察 ,并进行定量组织学指标测定及差异性比较。2　结果和讨论2 .1　睾丸定量组织学指标的测定结果　见表 1。表 1　獭兔睾丸定量组织学指标　　　μm,个 /精细管60日龄 75日龄 90日龄曲细精管…     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.