玉米杂交种丹糯3001

丹糯3001是丹东农业科学院于2007年12月以丹N988为母本、N98310为父本组配的鲜食糯玉米单交种。2010-2011年参加辽宁省鲜食玉米区域试验,品质得分89.2分,达到部颁鲜食玉米一级标准。2012年通过辽宁省审定。该品种具有抗病性强、高产、品质优良、适应性好等特点,适宜在辽宁省各市县做为鲜食玉米种植。     

广东省鲜食玉米产业形势及发展前景

系统分析了广东省鲜食玉米产业发展的现状和特点,总结了推动鲜食玉米产业发展的成功经验．同时对广东省鲜食玉米产业发展的优势和前景进行了全面深入的分析．并提出了广东省鲜食玉米产业发展的思路、目标和对策。     

苏北地区鲜食玉米的栽培技术及前景分析

鲜食玉米产业市场广阔,具有较高的经济价值在苏北地区,因种植习惯、经济基础等原因,鲜食玉米发展规模不大。该文概括了鲜食玉米的主要类型,总结了苏北地区鲜食玉米栽培技术特点,包括适期播种、合理密植等,并分析了其产业发展前景。     

鲜早白玉米的选育

鲜早白玉米是辽宁省辽阳市农业科学研究所育成的一个适合鲜食的玉米新杂交种,不仅具有良好的商品外形、白色、有粘性,鲜食风味好,优质,而且具有高产、高抗和综合性状优良等特点。已于1999年经辽宁省农作物品种审定委员会审定,填补了辽宁省鲜食品种的空白,达到国内先进水平。1　品种来源及选育过程鲜早白玉米是由母本早舒512与父本Ｃ1953杂交组合而成。1.1　母本早舒512的选育早舒512原始材料为“舒洛夫”杂合体。从1976年开始选育,到1982年在第6次自交后代出现性状稳定的系,开始进行配合力测定,其中以551121111系配合力最高,到1986年定名为…     

鲜食玉米品质特性研究概述

近年来我国鲜食玉米生产已经有了一定的发展。本文总结了现阶段国内外鲜食玉米的发展状况,介绍了鲜食玉米的品质评价标准,分析了对鲜食玉米品质有重要影响的生理指标在其采收期的变化。     

辽宁省鲜食大豆产业发展的可行性分析

为明确辽宁省在我国鲜食大豆产业发展中的重要地位,对我国鲜食大豆育种、制种及产业发展进行了广泛调研、分析与研究。结果表明:我国速冻鲜食毛豆出口量约占世界速冻鲜食毛豆总量的52%;辽宁省每年为南方鲜食大豆种子市场提供1万t以上的用种量,占市场份额的70%以上;辽北鲜食大豆鲜荚产量12~15 t/hm2,亩产值2 000元左右,利润空间巨大;辽宁省建立鲜食大豆产业基地势在必行,选育优质、高产鲜食大豆新品种,建立健全鲜食大豆供种需求平台,以解决鲜食大豆主产区鲜荚产量低、品种混杂,种子质量参差不齐、销售恶性竞争等问题。     

鲜食型玉米的研发现状及发展前景

近年来,鲜食型玉米在国际市场上非常畅销,需求不断上升。而我国的鲜食型玉米产业发展比较缓慢,与发达国家相比还有一定的差距。本文简要介绍了鲜食型玉米(糯玉米、甜玉米)的概念及其经济价值,总结了国内外鲜食型玉米的科研和开发现状,分析了我国鲜食型玉米的发展前景。这对农业种植业结构调整、形成优势特色产业、促进农民增收具有一定的指导意义。     

鲜食型玉米育种目标和品种标准的探讨

本文根据鲜食型玉米的特殊性,结合我国鲜食型玉米科研和生产现状,就现阶段鲜食型玉米的育种目标和有关鲜食型玉米的品质、产量、抗性及有关农艺性状等品种标准问题进行探讨。     

鲜食玉米研究现状与发展对策

通过对鲜食玉米研究与生产现状的分析,提出了鲜食玉米生产中存在的问题与差距及发展对策:加大科技投入,创新品种类型,选育专用型新品种;加强安全农业投入品及关键技术研究;加速产品加工技术及品质评价研究;尽快建立产品质量标准体系、保证体系及检测体系;五是农牧结合,加大鲜食玉米秸秆的科学合理利用研究,确保鲜食玉米产业化经营健康发展。     

冬季鲜食玉米与鲜食大豆间种高产栽培技术及前景

通过德宏州3年的鲜食玉米与鲜食大豆间种技术研究示范,总结出适宜德宏冬季鲜食玉米与大豆间种高产高效生产综合栽培技术模式。在该技术模式下,鲜食玉米平均单产879.5公斤/亩,鲜食大豆平均单产219.4公斤/亩,复合产值4 218.6元/亩,与净种鲜食玉米相比,节本增效749.8元/亩,增收21.6%。冬季鲜食玉米与鲜食大豆间种高产高效综合栽培技术研究示范经济、社会、生态效益显著,在德宏州具有较好的发展前景。     

豫北优质大豆产业发展策略

针对豫北地区的大豆生产现状，从气候、土壤、品种、生态因素及市场需求等方面提出了优质大豆的发展策略与途径。     

湖南沅陵4种绿茶品质成分分析

以长沙县高桥相同嫩度茶鲜叶原料采用卷曲形毛尖茶加工工艺制绿茶为对照,分别对沅陵县齐眉翠峰、凤娇碣滩茶、干发茶和军大坪茶4种绿茶的主要生化成分与感官品质进行初步分析。结果表明,沅陵4种绿茶的茶多酚总量28.76%~30.34%,游离氨基酸总量2.35%~3.22%,咖啡碱含量3.00%~3.63%,水浸出物含量37.26%~40.07%,可溶性糖总量5.46%~5.65%,可溶性蛋白含量1.50%~1.74%,类黄酮化合物总量1.16%~1.79%,叶绿素总量1.36%~2.01%,儿茶素总量13.53%~16.20%。与对照相比,4种绿茶的茶多酚、可溶性糖和儿茶素总量均高于对照,除齐眉翠峰外其余3种茶样水浸出物和叶绿素总量均高于对照,除干发茶外其余3种茶样类黄酮化合物总量均高于对照。     

Comparisons of methods of scheduling irrigations of potatoes

Irrigation of Netted Gem potatoes was scheduled during three growing seasons by three methods: (a) when plants displayed first visual symptoms of moisture stress, (b) when indicated by a soil moisture budget involving estimated evapotranspiration, and (c) on the basis of tensiometer readings of soil moisture suction. When the tensiometer method of scheduling was used, the mean yields of tubers were 55.0 and 25.8 cwt/acre (6160 and 2890 kg/ha) higher than those obtained with the other two scheduling methods. Methods did not affect the specific gravity of potatoes. Method (a) scheduled irrigations least frequently. Scheduling by the budget method was not always adequate because it was based on the assumption that the crop extracted water from a constant 4 ft (1.2 m) profile from planting to full vegetative growth. In one year the budget method scheduled the first irrigation earlier than necessary and delayed the second irrigation during a critical period of crop growth. From full vegetative cover to harvest the irrigation schedules were alike for both the budget and tensiometer methods.     

Analysis of nutritional components of eight famine foods of the Republic of Niger

In the western Sahel, indigenous plants become important staples when cereal harvests are inadequate to support populations inhabiting that region of Africa. The purpose of this study was to assess the nutrient content of several of these edible wild plants. The leaves of the following seven plant foods were analyzed: Ziziphus mauritiana, Cerathotheca sesamoides, Moringa oleifera, Leptadenia hastata, Hibiscus sabdarifa, Amaranthus viridi, and Adansonia digitata. The fatty acid, vitamin E, carotenoid, selected mineral and amino acid contents of these plant foods were determined. These same analyses were performed on the fruit of the Adansonia digitata. In quantitative and qualitative terms, Amaranthus viridis was found to be an excellent source of protein. Its amino acid composition compared favorably to that of a World Health Organization (WHO) protein standard. It also contained considerable amounts of the two fatty acids that are essential in humans (linoleic and -linolenic) and a number of minerals including iron, magnesium, calcium and zinc. The leaves of Hibiscus sabdarifa contained an appreciable quantity of protein the composition of which was comparable to the WHO standard. The mineral content of the leaves of this plant was also exceptionally high; noteworthy was its high zinc content. H. sabdarifa also contained significant quantities of the two essential fatty acids. Ziziphus mauritiana was an excellent source of the essential fatty acid linoleic acid and several of the metals including iron, calcium, magnesium and zinc. Its content of other essential nutrients, however, was rather low. In general, Adansonia digitata leaves were nutritionally superior to the fruit of the tree; however, the fruit did contain useful quantities of potassium, phosphorus, zinc and -linolenic acid. The Leptadenia hastata leaves were an especially good source of lutein and -carotene. These data should be useful to the people who inhabit the western Sahel in helping them devise healthy diets during times when cereal staples are in short supply.     

狗牙根诱变后代抗寒性评价

通过电解质外渗法和匍匐茎恢复试验对‘阳江’狗牙根及其12个通过形态鉴定选出的坪用价值高且花序密度低的诱变后代进行抗寒性鉴定。电解质外渗法结果表明:诱变后代间的抗寒性具有较大差异,其叶片半致死温度(LT₅₀)的变异范围为-7.6～-0.2℃(最低值与最大值相差7.4℃);参试材料抗寒性由强到弱依次为M18>M4>M26>M28> M22>阳江>M29>M31>M10>M37>M16>M1>M25,其中,有5个诱变后代抗寒性优于亲本,分别是M18、M4、M26、M28、M22。匍匐茎恢复实验结果表明:诱变后代M1、M22、M26、M31、M25在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫后的恢复生长率都高于亲本,恢复能力均优于亲本;M10、M37、M28在-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长能力低于亲本,抗寒性相对较弱,M16和M4在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长率都低于亲本,抗寒性明显弱于亲本。综合2种方法鉴定结果显示:诱变后代M1、M25的恢复能力较强;M4、M28的叶片抗寒性较好,青绿期较长;M22、M18、M26的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较强;M29,M31的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力与亲本相似;M10、M16、M37的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较弱,整体抗寒性较弱。     

吉林省平安农业科学院大豆所大豆研究工作报告

1　吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究工作简介吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究所 ,设在吉林省长春市西安大路种子大厦内。现有科技人员 6人 ,其中研究员 2人 ,农艺师 2人 ,技术员 2人 ,定向培养研究生 2人。大豆研究所的主要任务是选育稳产、高产、优质及抗病虫大豆新品种 ;同时密切     

巴西橡胶树MADS-box基因家族6个成员的染色体物理定位

MADS-box基因家族广泛分布于真核生物中,巴西橡胶树的MADS-box基因家族主要参与花形态建成,对生殖生长起到重要的调节作用。目前,MADS-box基因家族的26个相关基因已被克隆分析,但它们在染色体上的具体位置还未确定。本研究以巴西橡胶树‘热研7-33-97’品种为材料,将MADS-box基因家族的6个成员（HbAGL8、HbAG15、HbAGL30、HbTT16、HbAP1和HbSVP1）定位在细胞核染色体上,通过双探针荧光原位杂交技术（FISH）对巴西橡胶树MADS-box基因家族的这6个成员在细胞核染色体上进行物理定位分析。结果表明：MADS-box基因家族的6个基因分别位于不同的染色体上,其中HbAGL15、HbAG8、HbAG30和HbSVP1基因定位在第4、5、7和8号染色体长臂上,其信号位点到着丝粒的平均百分距离是11.85、39.71、48.94和6.70;HbTT16和HbAP1基因定位在第1和13号染色体短臂上,其信号位点到着丝粒的平均百分距离是22.19和18.01。本研究结果揭示了巴西橡胶树MADS-box基因家族的6个成员在细胞核染色体上的实际位置,展现家族基因之间的分布特点和连锁遗传关系,不仅丰富了橡胶树分子细胞遗传学信息,也为橡胶树的分子辅助育种和比较基因组学研究提供了分子细胞遗传学的科学理论依据。     

Comparison of two methods of PCNB application for control of Rhizoctonia infection of potatoes

A broadcast application of PCNB (Terraclor) resulted in a reasonably uniform distribution of the chemical in the soil with the concentration decreasing in a linear fashion with increasing depth in the soil profile. A banded application resuluted in a considerably higher chemical concentration at the 4–6 inch depth than at the 0–2 or the 2–4 inch depths. The problem of the lack of uniformity of chemical distribution could probably be solved by altering nozzle placement and size and allow use of the band method of application to minimize grower cost. More complete disking in the case of the broadcast treatment would probably result in a relatively uniform distribution of the chemical but at higher cost to the grower. PCNB application rates of 10, 15 and 25 lbs per acre broadcast and 71/2, 10 and 121/2 lbs per acre in a band significantly reduced the severity ofRhizoctonia infection of Russet Burbank potatoes but did not increase potato yields significantly.     

Prediction of the digestibility of the diet of horses: evaluation of faecal indices

Data from in vivo digestibility trial with four to six horses fed twenty-seven forage-based diets are used to calculate prediction equations for the digestibility of dry and organic matter, based on the crude ash (CA), crude protein (CP) and crude fibre (CF) contents of diets and faeces. The most precise prediction of dry-matter digestibility (r.s.d. = 0.032, R²= 0.80) was derived from a multiple regression including faecal (CP, CF) and dietary parameters (CF). Among faecal parameters, CP was the best single predictor of both digestibility (r.s.d) = 0.040, r²= 0.63) and dietary CP content (r.s.d = 0.028, r²= 0.59). For biological reasons we propose a non-linear model that allows prediction of dry- and organic-matter digestibility from faecal CP Content with reasonable Precision (r.s.d = 0.038, 0.036, r²= 0.65, 0.74, respectively). This will be adequate for many studies, especially for free-living animals in rangelands.