大豆田二代棉铃虫发生为害规律及其防治

1986－1998年调查结果表明，第二代棉铃虫（Heliothis armigera Hiibner)是危害大豆最严重的世代，95％左右的卵产在大豆中上部的嫩梢、嫩叶、幼荚、花萼和茎基上，平均每株落卵4．1粒。大豆上的卵量（Y1）和幼虫量（Y2）与第一代蛾量（x)密切相关，其关系式为：Y1＝－315．9＋1．7783x(n=6,r=0.8562),Y2=31.3 0.134x(n=6,r=0.8652^*)。在第二代棉铃虫产卵初盛期应用B.t菌剂（含孢子100亿个／ml)200倍液喷雾3次，或用1．8％齐螨素乳油675ml/hm^2，兑水810kg喷雾2次，防效显著。     

25％甲氧·茚虫威SC等药剂防治稻纵卷叶螟药效试验

为有效控制稻纵卷叶螟的发生,进行了甲氧·茚虫威等几种药剂田间药效试验.结果表明,采用25％甲氧·茚虫威SC、30％氰氟虫腙·甲氧虫酰肼SC和10％硫虫酰胺SC等,在五(3)代稻纵卷叶螟卵孵高峰期使用,对稻纵卷叶螟均有很好的防治效果,且对水稻安全性均较好,对水稻生长没有影响,可在生产上与其它高效药剂交替使用,提高防效延缓...     

40％扫残净防治棉田玉米螟的药效试验

为了探讨40％扫残净乳油对棉田玉米螟的防效，2001年作者在盐城市进行了扫残净乳油防治三代稀田玉米螟的田间药效试验，试验结果表明，分别在棉田玉米螟卵高峰和卵孵高峰期各用一次40％扫残净乳油，即可使玉米螟的虫口数量和为害数量均下降90％左右。     

灭多威防治棉铃虫药效试验

１９９３～１９９５年，用灭多威进行了防治棉铃虫田间药效试验。试验结果表明：用２４％万灵水剂７５０～１１２５ｍｌ·ｈｍ￣（－２），喷后３天防效达８９．４％～９３．６％；喷后７天防效达６６．１％～７７．６％，明显高于４０％久效磷用１５００ｍｌ·ｈｍ￣（－３）的防效。灭多威与辛硫磷、久效磷混用防治棉铃虫具一定的增效作用，灭多威与辛硫磷混用的ｃ·ｆ值高于与久效磷混用的ｃ·ｆ值。     

花生田二代棉铃虫发生为害规律及其防治研究

第2代棉铃虫是危害花生最严重的世代，95％左右的卵产在花生中上部的嫩梢、嫩叶、花萼和茎基上，平均每株落卵19．6粒。在花生上的卵量和幼虫量与第1代蛾量密切相关，卵量（Y1）与第1代蛾量（X）关系式为：Y1＝－315．9＋1．7783X（n=6,r=0.8562)；幼虫量（Y2）与第1代蛾量（X）关系式为：Y2＝31．3＋0．134X（n=6,r=0.8652).在第2代棉铃早产卵初盛期应用B.t菌剂（含孢子100亿个／ml)200倍液喷雾3次，或1．8％齐螨素乳油675ml/hm^2兑水810kg喷雾2次，防效显著。     

20%氯虫苯甲酰胺防治稻纵卷叶螟田间药效试验

田间试验示范结果表明,20%氯虫苯甲酰胺悬浮剂对稻纵卷叶螟有较好的防治效果,其药后14 d,8～12 ml/667m2杀虫效果为89.6%～92.2%,表现出较强的胃毒、触杀性,保叶防效为89.0%～93.5%,明显优于施用药剂40%毒死蜱乳油,建议在稻纵卷叶螟卵孵盛期和低龄幼虫高峰期进行防治。     

治理棉铃虫两项新技术的应用及示范效果

本文对所筛选的农药复配剂进行了外防治棉铃虫试验，结果表明，该剂对棉铃虫的防效比本地常规农药高２０％左右，维持６０％以上的残效可达１０ｄ以上，并具有良好的保蕾，保铃效果。文中还就缩节胺和磷酸二氢钾对棉铃虫及棉花生长发育的影响效应进行研究，证实了使用后能减少田内棉铃虫落卵量１０－４０％，有效保护期可达１０－２０ｄ，取食沾有以上两种物质叶片的幼虫存活率比对照下降１０－１９％，同时能使棉花叶色加深，株型紧     

彭泽棉区棉铃虫抗药性监测初报

棉铃虫［Helicoverpaarmigera（Hiibner）］是棉花重要害虫之一。据报导，目前此虫对多种农药产生抗性。在全国农业技术推广服务中心及江西省植保植检站安排下，1996年7—9日，我们对防治棉铃虫的氯氰菊酯抗性进行了监测，对硫丹、功夫、敌杀死不同浓度下防治棉铃虫的致死力进行了试验分析，现整理初报。1．材料与方法1．1测定材料。第3代棉铃虫的幼虫发生高峰期，在本县不同棉田采集高龄幼虫约200条置于室内自然条件下，以原虫害铃为饲料，饲养至化蛹，然后让其羽化、产卵、卵孵幼虫后以棉铃虫人工饲料饲喂，幼虫至二龄（体重1．61土0．43…     

44%氯氟·毒死蜱水乳剂防治棉田4代棉铃虫效果

为有效防治棉花4代棉铃虫,采用44%氯氟·毒死蜱水乳剂、2.5%高效氯氟氰菊酯EC、40%毒死蜱EC 3种药剂进行田间试验。结果表明,44%氯氟·毒死蜱水乳剂148.5、198g·hm-2用药1次7d后防效达80.61%、83.32%,显著优于其他药剂处理。建议生产上使用44%氯氟·毒死蜱水乳剂防治4代棉铃虫,应掌握在棉田棉铃虫卵孵高峰期用药,其推荐使用剂量为148.5~198g·hm-2。     

虱螨脲对棉铃虫的生物活性及应用研究

试验测定了虱螨脲对棉铃虫的室内生物活性和田闻防治效果。结果表明,虱螨脲具有较强的杀卵作用。在50mg／L浓度下。棉铃虫1日龄卵死亡率达到87．30％;对棉铃虫2～5龄幼虫具有较高的胃毒活性,其LC50分别为0．7434mg／L、1．9669mg/L、2．0592mg／L和2．6945mg／L。田间试验结果表明。在卵高峰期至初孵期用药,对棉铃虫有较高的防治效果,药后7d．用50g/L虱螨脲EC450mL/hm2、600mL／hm2防治效果分剐为89．3％、90．2％。     

豫北优质大豆产业发展策略

针对豫北地区的大豆生产现状，从气候、土壤、品种、生态因素及市场需求等方面提出了优质大豆的发展策略与途径。     

湖南沅陵4种绿茶品质成分分析

以长沙县高桥相同嫩度茶鲜叶原料采用卷曲形毛尖茶加工工艺制绿茶为对照,分别对沅陵县齐眉翠峰、凤娇碣滩茶、干发茶和军大坪茶4种绿茶的主要生化成分与感官品质进行初步分析。结果表明,沅陵4种绿茶的茶多酚总量28.76%~30.34%,游离氨基酸总量2.35%~3.22%,咖啡碱含量3.00%~3.63%,水浸出物含量37.26%~40.07%,可溶性糖总量5.46%~5.65%,可溶性蛋白含量1.50%~1.74%,类黄酮化合物总量1.16%~1.79%,叶绿素总量1.36%~2.01%,儿茶素总量13.53%~16.20%。与对照相比,4种绿茶的茶多酚、可溶性糖和儿茶素总量均高于对照,除齐眉翠峰外其余3种茶样水浸出物和叶绿素总量均高于对照,除干发茶外其余3种茶样类黄酮化合物总量均高于对照。     

Comparisons of methods of scheduling irrigations of potatoes

Irrigation of Netted Gem potatoes was scheduled during three growing seasons by three methods: (a) when plants displayed first visual symptoms of moisture stress, (b) when indicated by a soil moisture budget involving estimated evapotranspiration, and (c) on the basis of tensiometer readings of soil moisture suction. When the tensiometer method of scheduling was used, the mean yields of tubers were 55.0 and 25.8 cwt/acre (6160 and 2890 kg/ha) higher than those obtained with the other two scheduling methods. Methods did not affect the specific gravity of potatoes. Method (a) scheduled irrigations least frequently. Scheduling by the budget method was not always adequate because it was based on the assumption that the crop extracted water from a constant 4 ft (1.2 m) profile from planting to full vegetative growth. In one year the budget method scheduled the first irrigation earlier than necessary and delayed the second irrigation during a critical period of crop growth. From full vegetative cover to harvest the irrigation schedules were alike for both the budget and tensiometer methods.     

吉林省平安农业科学院大豆所大豆研究工作报告

1　吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究工作简介吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究所 ,设在吉林省长春市西安大路种子大厦内。现有科技人员 6人 ,其中研究员 2人 ,农艺师 2人 ,技术员 2人 ,定向培养研究生 2人。大豆研究所的主要任务是选育稳产、高产、优质及抗病虫大豆新品种 ;同时密切     

Analysis of nutritional components of eight famine foods of the Republic of Niger

In the western Sahel, indigenous plants become important staples when cereal harvests are inadequate to support populations inhabiting that region of Africa. The purpose of this study was to assess the nutrient content of several of these edible wild plants. The leaves of the following seven plant foods were analyzed: Ziziphus mauritiana, Cerathotheca sesamoides, Moringa oleifera, Leptadenia hastata, Hibiscus sabdarifa, Amaranthus viridi, and Adansonia digitata. The fatty acid, vitamin E, carotenoid, selected mineral and amino acid contents of these plant foods were determined. These same analyses were performed on the fruit of the Adansonia digitata. In quantitative and qualitative terms, Amaranthus viridis was found to be an excellent source of protein. Its amino acid composition compared favorably to that of a World Health Organization (WHO) protein standard. It also contained considerable amounts of the two fatty acids that are essential in humans (linoleic and -linolenic) and a number of minerals including iron, magnesium, calcium and zinc. The leaves of Hibiscus sabdarifa contained an appreciable quantity of protein the composition of which was comparable to the WHO standard. The mineral content of the leaves of this plant was also exceptionally high; noteworthy was its high zinc content. H. sabdarifa also contained significant quantities of the two essential fatty acids. Ziziphus mauritiana was an excellent source of the essential fatty acid linoleic acid and several of the metals including iron, calcium, magnesium and zinc. Its content of other essential nutrients, however, was rather low. In general, Adansonia digitata leaves were nutritionally superior to the fruit of the tree; however, the fruit did contain useful quantities of potassium, phosphorus, zinc and -linolenic acid. The Leptadenia hastata leaves were an especially good source of lutein and -carotene. These data should be useful to the people who inhabit the western Sahel in helping them devise healthy diets during times when cereal staples are in short supply.     

防治水稻潜叶蝇的药剂筛选

通过对防治水稻潜叶蝇不同药剂、不同用量的田间对比试验,结果表明,32 g/kg的35%丁硫克百威拌种预防潜叶蝇效果最好,药效可达55 d以上,适宜在生产上推广应用。     

芦笋枯萎病病原鉴定

对造成福建省漳州市东山县的芦笋枯萎病病原菌进行分子鉴定,以期确定病原菌的属、种名,为防治该病害寻求理论依据。试验对分离纯化的病原菌核糖体DNA的ITS区进行测序,在Genbank中搜索其同源性并构建它们的系统发育树,结果表明：引起芦笋枯萎病的病原菌是镰刀属中的尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum),且病原菌之间的同源性高达89%,遗传差异不显著。     

狗牙根诱变后代抗寒性评价

通过电解质外渗法和匍匐茎恢复试验对‘阳江’狗牙根及其12个通过形态鉴定选出的坪用价值高且花序密度低的诱变后代进行抗寒性鉴定。电解质外渗法结果表明:诱变后代间的抗寒性具有较大差异,其叶片半致死温度(LT₅₀)的变异范围为-7.6～-0.2℃(最低值与最大值相差7.4℃);参试材料抗寒性由强到弱依次为M18>M4>M26>M28> M22>阳江>M29>M31>M10>M37>M16>M1>M25,其中,有5个诱变后代抗寒性优于亲本,分别是M18、M4、M26、M28、M22。匍匐茎恢复实验结果表明:诱变后代M1、M22、M26、M31、M25在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫后的恢复生长率都高于亲本,恢复能力均优于亲本;M10、M37、M28在-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长能力低于亲本,抗寒性相对较弱,M16和M4在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长率都低于亲本,抗寒性明显弱于亲本。综合2种方法鉴定结果显示:诱变后代M1、M25的恢复能力较强;M4、M28的叶片抗寒性较好,青绿期较长;M22、M18、M26的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较强;M29,M31的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力与亲本相似;M10、M16、M37的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较弱,整体抗寒性较弱。     

实施茶叶优势区域规划促进川茶产业持续发展

为了充分发挥四川茶叶的比较优势和自然资源优势,进一步提高川茶产业竞争力和促进农民增收,在四川省委、省政府重视下,在开展特色茶叶产品研究的基础上,制订了<四川省茶叶优势区域规划>,以期通过"规划"的实施,在基地建设、规模化生产、产业化经营等方面取得新的突破,为四川省盆周山区和丘陵地区的农村经济发展和农民增收做出新的更大贡献.