创新土地流转机制,实行农田托管,提升种子产业发展

稳定农村现行土地承包政策,在不改变土地所有权、农民受益权的条件下,将土地承包经营权流转给土地托管专营公司,把粮食生产全过程引入市场商品化运作机制,是土地流转中的一种创新模式。     

我国杂交水稻种子出口贸易发展的制约因素及对策分析

我国杂交水稻技术的研究与应用在国际上居领先地位。中国年生产与应用的杂交水稻种子高达20万t，占世界市场的95％以上，但杂交水稻种子出口发展迟缓，出口国家与地区狭窄，种子出口量少，贸易额低，创汇能力不足。分析了我国杂交水稻种子出口贸易发展的制约因素，并就如何发挥我国在杂交水稻领域的生产与技术优势，开拓杂交水稻国际市场，推动与扩大杂交水稻种子出口贸易提出了对策。     

海南省杂交水稻种子产销情况分析

应用2009—2012年海南省杂交水稻种子生产和销售统计资料,从市场、生产和成本3个方面阐述了海南杂交水稻种子行业的具体情况,找出了海南杂交水稻种子产销过程中存在的问题及原因,并提出了对策和建议。     

杂交水稻种子贮藏过程活力保持研究进展

杂交水稻种子贮藏过程中活力的保持问题已成为制约杂交稻种子产业快速发展的关键问题。研究种子活力的机理,探索水稻种子贮藏过程活力调控与保持技术是降低杂交稻种子生产与贮藏风险、保证粮食安全的最有效途径。综述了杂交水稻种子储藏过程中活力保持研究的意义和现状,并就杂交水稻种子贮藏中保持活力的技术进行了探讨与展望。     

提高两系杂交水稻种子质量的对策

两系杂交水稻在生产上已大面积推广应用,但其种子生产却存在较大的风险.从光温敏不育系自身特性及种子生产技术方面分析了影响两系杂交水稻种子质量的因素,提出了提高两系杂交水稻种子质量的对策.     

创建杂交水稻种子工程初探

本文从实现杂交水稻种子生产机械化的具体方法步骤与意义,提高杂交水稻种子加工水平,实施品牌战略,加强杂交水稻育种和种子技术科研,增强发展后劲,增加投入,建立现代种子企业,加强市场管理,保证杂交水稻种子产业健康发展等几方面,结合龙海市实际,论述创建杂交水稻种子工程的意义和方法步骤。     

建宁县杂交水稻种子产业化现状与发展对策

分析了建宁县杂交水稻种子产业的发展现状及杂交水稻种子生产存在的主要问题,提出了新形势下规范壮大建宁县种子产业的对策与措施。     

两系杂交水稻种子纯度检测方法的比较

为了探讨两系杂交水稻种子纯度检测的科学方法,采用5个品种共139个批次的两系杂交水稻种子为材料,采用海南异季、安徽肥西本地正季田间种植鉴定以及酯酶同工酶室内检测等3种方法,进行了纯度检测结果的比较分析.结果表明:3种检测方法的检测结果均达到极显著相关,具有较好的一致性.将3种方法有机结合形成一个两系杂交水稻种子纯度的综合检测体系并进行推广应用,可以为两系杂交水稻种子生产、推广和经营提供准确、快速、低成本的质量保证体系.     

建宁县两系杂交水稻种子生产现状与发展对策

分析了建宁县两系杂交水稻种子生产现状与面临的问题,提出了发展对策.     

浙江效益农业促进土地经营权流转

２００１年以来 ,浙江省土地经营权流转出现新一轮高潮。据该省农业厅最近对７６个县 (市、区 )的调查统计 ,土地经营权流转面积达到１６．１万ｈｍ２。而２０００年底 ,全省土地流转面积还只有６．７万ｈｍ２左右。新一轮土地经营权流转不仅规模大 ,还出现了不少新特点 ,主要表现为 :一是从原来的无偿流转转为有偿流转。在鄞县 ,过去种粮大户承包的粮田大都是“白种种” ,还享受政府补贴 ;随着效益农业的发展 ,土地承包费“水涨船高” ,每６６７ｍ２ 大田年承包费高的已接近３００元。二是土地流转从经济发达地区向全省扩展。衢州、丽水等…     

豫北优质大豆产业发展策略

针对豫北地区的大豆生产现状，从气候、土壤、品种、生态因素及市场需求等方面提出了优质大豆的发展策略与途径。     

Comparisons of methods of scheduling irrigations of potatoes

Irrigation of Netted Gem potatoes was scheduled during three growing seasons by three methods: (a) when plants displayed first visual symptoms of moisture stress, (b) when indicated by a soil moisture budget involving estimated evapotranspiration, and (c) on the basis of tensiometer readings of soil moisture suction. When the tensiometer method of scheduling was used, the mean yields of tubers were 55.0 and 25.8 cwt/acre (6160 and 2890 kg/ha) higher than those obtained with the other two scheduling methods. Methods did not affect the specific gravity of potatoes. Method (a) scheduled irrigations least frequently. Scheduling by the budget method was not always adequate because it was based on the assumption that the crop extracted water from a constant 4 ft (1.2 m) profile from planting to full vegetative growth. In one year the budget method scheduled the first irrigation earlier than necessary and delayed the second irrigation during a critical period of crop growth. From full vegetative cover to harvest the irrigation schedules were alike for both the budget and tensiometer methods.     

吉林省平安农业科学院大豆所大豆研究工作报告

1　吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究工作简介吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究所 ,设在吉林省长春市西安大路种子大厦内。现有科技人员 6人 ,其中研究员 2人 ,农艺师 2人 ,技术员 2人 ,定向培养研究生 2人。大豆研究所的主要任务是选育稳产、高产、优质及抗病虫大豆新品种 ;同时密切     

湖南沅陵4种绿茶品质成分分析

以长沙县高桥相同嫩度茶鲜叶原料采用卷曲形毛尖茶加工工艺制绿茶为对照,分别对沅陵县齐眉翠峰、凤娇碣滩茶、干发茶和军大坪茶4种绿茶的主要生化成分与感官品质进行初步分析。结果表明,沅陵4种绿茶的茶多酚总量28.76%~30.34%,游离氨基酸总量2.35%~3.22%,咖啡碱含量3.00%~3.63%,水浸出物含量37.26%~40.07%,可溶性糖总量5.46%~5.65%,可溶性蛋白含量1.50%~1.74%,类黄酮化合物总量1.16%~1.79%,叶绿素总量1.36%~2.01%,儿茶素总量13.53%~16.20%。与对照相比,4种绿茶的茶多酚、可溶性糖和儿茶素总量均高于对照,除齐眉翠峰外其余3种茶样水浸出物和叶绿素总量均高于对照,除干发茶外其余3种茶样类黄酮化合物总量均高于对照。     

Analysis of nutritional components of eight famine foods of the Republic of Niger

In the western Sahel, indigenous plants become important staples when cereal harvests are inadequate to support populations inhabiting that region of Africa. The purpose of this study was to assess the nutrient content of several of these edible wild plants. The leaves of the following seven plant foods were analyzed: Ziziphus mauritiana, Cerathotheca sesamoides, Moringa oleifera, Leptadenia hastata, Hibiscus sabdarifa, Amaranthus viridi, and Adansonia digitata. The fatty acid, vitamin E, carotenoid, selected mineral and amino acid contents of these plant foods were determined. These same analyses were performed on the fruit of the Adansonia digitata. In quantitative and qualitative terms, Amaranthus viridis was found to be an excellent source of protein. Its amino acid composition compared favorably to that of a World Health Organization (WHO) protein standard. It also contained considerable amounts of the two fatty acids that are essential in humans (linoleic and -linolenic) and a number of minerals including iron, magnesium, calcium and zinc. The leaves of Hibiscus sabdarifa contained an appreciable quantity of protein the composition of which was comparable to the WHO standard. The mineral content of the leaves of this plant was also exceptionally high; noteworthy was its high zinc content. H. sabdarifa also contained significant quantities of the two essential fatty acids. Ziziphus mauritiana was an excellent source of the essential fatty acid linoleic acid and several of the metals including iron, calcium, magnesium and zinc. Its content of other essential nutrients, however, was rather low. In general, Adansonia digitata leaves were nutritionally superior to the fruit of the tree; however, the fruit did contain useful quantities of potassium, phosphorus, zinc and -linolenic acid. The Leptadenia hastata leaves were an especially good source of lutein and -carotene. These data should be useful to the people who inhabit the western Sahel in helping them devise healthy diets during times when cereal staples are in short supply.     

防治水稻潜叶蝇的药剂筛选

通过对防治水稻潜叶蝇不同药剂、不同用量的田间对比试验,结果表明,32 g/kg的35%丁硫克百威拌种预防潜叶蝇效果最好,药效可达55 d以上,适宜在生产上推广应用。     

狗牙根诱变后代抗寒性评价

通过电解质外渗法和匍匐茎恢复试验对‘阳江’狗牙根及其12个通过形态鉴定选出的坪用价值高且花序密度低的诱变后代进行抗寒性鉴定。电解质外渗法结果表明:诱变后代间的抗寒性具有较大差异,其叶片半致死温度(LT₅₀)的变异范围为-7.6～-0.2℃(最低值与最大值相差7.4℃);参试材料抗寒性由强到弱依次为M18>M4>M26>M28> M22>阳江>M29>M31>M10>M37>M16>M1>M25,其中,有5个诱变后代抗寒性优于亲本,分别是M18、M4、M26、M28、M22。匍匐茎恢复实验结果表明:诱变后代M1、M22、M26、M31、M25在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫后的恢复生长率都高于亲本,恢复能力均优于亲本;M10、M37、M28在-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长能力低于亲本,抗寒性相对较弱,M16和M4在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长率都低于亲本,抗寒性明显弱于亲本。综合2种方法鉴定结果显示:诱变后代M1、M25的恢复能力较强;M4、M28的叶片抗寒性较好,青绿期较长;M22、M18、M26的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较强;M29,M31的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力与亲本相似;M10、M16、M37的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较弱,整体抗寒性较弱。     

芦笋枯萎病病原鉴定

对造成福建省漳州市东山县的芦笋枯萎病病原菌进行分子鉴定,以期确定病原菌的属、种名,为防治该病害寻求理论依据。试验对分离纯化的病原菌核糖体DNA的ITS区进行测序,在Genbank中搜索其同源性并构建它们的系统发育树,结果表明：引起芦笋枯萎病的病原菌是镰刀属中的尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum),且病原菌之间的同源性高达89%,遗传差异不显著。