表达Ⅰ型鸭甲肝病毒VP1基因的重组鸭瘟病毒的构建

扩增鸭瘟病毒(DPV)生长非必需区的TK基因,并在其中间引入Bgl II酶切位点,再之克隆到pUC19载体,获得载体pTK。用限制性内切酶从已有质粒pcDNA-LacZ上切下CMV启动子、多克隆位点、SV40及LacZ的完整的基因表达盒,插入到pTK的TK基因中,获得质粒pTCL。用质粒T-VP1做模板,扩增出I型鸭甲肝病毒(以前称为血清I型鸭肝炎病毒)VP1基因,克隆到质粒pTCL表达盒的多克隆位点KpnI与XbaI之间,构建含LacZ及VP1基因的转移载体质粒pT-CL-VP1。将此转移载体与鸭瘟病毒C-KCE毒株共转染鸡胚成纤维细胞(CEF),经蓝斑克隆筛选和纯化,获得了遗传性状稳定的表达I型鸭甲肝病毒VP1基因的重组鸭瘟病毒。     

表达I型鸭甲肝病毒VP1基因的重组鸭瘟病毒的构建

扩增鸭瘟病毒(DPV)生长非必需区的TK基因,并在其中间引入Bgl II酶切位点,再之克隆到pUC19载体,获得载体pTK。用限制性内切酶从已有质粒pcDNA-LacZ上切下CMV启动子、多克隆位点、SV40及LacZ的完整的基因表达盒,插入到pTK的TK基因中,获得质粒pTCL。用质粒T-VP1做模板,扩增出I型鸭甲肝病毒(以前称为血清I型鸭肝炎病毒)VP1基因,克隆到质粒pTCL表达盒的多克隆位点KpnI与XbaI之间,构建含LacZ及VP1基因的转移载体质粒pT-CL-VP1。将此转移载体与鸭瘟病毒C-KCE毒株共转染鸡胚成纤维细胞(CEF),经蓝斑克隆筛选和纯化,获得了遗传性状稳定的表达I型鸭甲肝病毒VP1基因的重组鸭瘟病毒。     

携带Ⅰ型鸭肝炎病毒3D基因的重组鸭瘟病毒的构建

为构建含有Ⅰ型鸭病毒性肝炎病毒3D基因的重组鸭瘟病毒,本研究将已建立的鸭瘟病毒TK基因缺失转移载体(pBlueSK-TK-EGFP)进行改造,在其荧光表达盒内插入Ⅰ型鸭病毒性肝炎病毒3D基因,将重组后的转移载体(pBlueSK-TK-EGFP-30)转染已感染鸭瘟病毒的鸭胚成纤维细胞,转染细胞盲传2代后仍能观察到绿色荧...     

鸭瘟病毒TK基因缺失转移表达载体的构建

根据Gen Bank发表的鸭瘟病毒基因组序列设计1对引物,扩增出含完整TK基因及其上下游序列的长约2.0 kb片段。利用该片段5'端和3'端部分序列作为左右同源臂,其内构建有Pcmv-MCS-BGH pA及同向Psv40-lac Z-SV40 pA表达盒,同时在lacZ基因表达盒两侧设计有loxP序列,从而获得鸭瘟病毒TK基因缺失转移表达载体p DTK-lacZ。将p DTK-lacZ转染鸡胚成纤维(CEF)细胞,原位染色后镜下可见多处着染蓝色的细胞,结果表明本试验构建出适用于重组鸭瘟病毒制备平台的转移表达载体。     

新城疫病毒F48E9株病毒F基因表达盒的火鸡疱疹病毒转移质粒载体构建

将新城疫病毒（NDV）F48E9株融合蛋白（F）基因1700bp克隆到真核表达载体pcDNA3中，构建成表达F基因的载体pc3F。然后将包含F基因及其上游的细胞巨化病毒启动子和增强子的3800bp DNA片段再克隆入包含火鸡疱疹病毒（HVT）非必须片段载体pTK2B中，构建成功含有F基因表达盒的HVT转移质粒体pTK3F。经限制性内切酶酶切分析，F基因表达盒的插入方向与pTK2B中TK基因转录方向一致。该研究为进一步在细胞中转染并获得表达F基因的HVT重组病毒奠定了基础。     

表达H5N1亚型禽流感病毒HA和NA基因的重组鸭瘟病毒的构建

利用PCR技术扩增出鸭瘟病毒(DPV)生长非必需的TK基因(约1.1kb),将其克隆入pGEM-Teasy载体获得载体pGTK。根据已知的绿色荧光蛋白载体pEGFP-C1的序列设计了一对引物,PCR扩增出pEGFP-C1上含CMV启动子、EGFP及其多克隆位点的完整的基因表达盒插入pGTK的TK上,获得质粒pGTK-EGFP。根据Genbank已发表的H5N1亚型禽流感病毒的血凝素(HA)和神经氨酸酶(NA)基因序列,设计了两对引物,分别从pT-HA和pT-NA两个质粒上扩增出HA和NA基因,克隆到pGTK-EGFP的表达盒的多克隆位点Kpn2I与SmaI之间,构建含EGFP及HA和NA基因的转移质粒载体pGTK-EGFP-HA-NA。将这质粒载体与DPV34F2疫苗毒共转染鸡胚成纤维细胞(CEF),通过荧光方法筛选,获得了表达HA和NA基因的重组DPV(rDPV-HA-NA)。     

表达H5N1亚型禽流感病毒HA基因的重组鸭瘟病毒的构建

利用PCR技术扩增出鸭瘟病毒(DPV)生长非必需区的TK基因(约2.5kb),将其克隆入pUC19载体获得载体puDTK。根据已知载体pcDNA-LacZ的序列设计了一对引物,PCR扩增出pcDNA-LacZ上含CMV启动子、多克隆位点、SV40及LacZ的完整的基因表达盒插入puDTK的TK上,获得质粒puDTCL。根据Genbank已发表的H5N1亚型禽流感病毒的血凝素(HA)基因序列,设计引物从T-HA质粒上扩增出HA基因,克隆到puDTCL的表达盒的多克隆位点NheI与ApaI之间,成功构建含LacZ及HA基因的转移载体质粒puDTCL-HA。将这载体质粒与DPV34F2疫苗毒共转染鸡胚成纤维细胞(CEF),经蓝斑克隆筛选和纯化,获得了遗传性状稳定的表达HA基因的重组鸭瘟病毒。     

表达新城疫病毒F基因重组鸭肠炎病毒的构建

为构建表达鸡新城疫病毒(NDV)F基因的重组鸭肠炎病毒(DEV),本研究以实验室前期构建的表达绿色荧光蛋白的重组DEV(r DEV-US10-EGFP)为基础,通过PCR扩增NDV F基因,构建了携带F基因表达盒的转移质粒p US10-TPA-F。将转移质粒与r DEV-US10-EGFP基因组DNA共转染鸡胚成纤维细胞。经过反向蚀斑筛选,获得表达NDV F基因的r DEV-US10-F。对重组区域US10基因测序结果表明,F基因正确插入至US10基因编码区内。将重组病毒传至15代,F基因仍能够稳定表达,表明重组病毒具有稳定的遗传特性,并且与亲本病毒株具有相似的生长曲线。本研究为研发NDV-DEV活载体疫苗奠定了基础。     

含LacZ表达盒的鸭瘟病毒TK基因缺失转移载体的构建

根据GenBank已发表的鸭瘟病毒活疫苗C-KCE株基因组序列设计一对引物,扩增出含TK基因完整ORF的2.7 kb的片段,克隆至pMD18T simple载体。利用该片段内的两个酶切位点Xho I和EcoR V,切除TK基因内的244 bp,用T4 DNA聚合酶补平末端;pVAX1-LacZ用Nru I和Nar I双酶切,回收含LacZ表达盒的4.1 kb片段,通过平末端连接将LacZ表达盒插入到TK基因中,从而获得了转移载体pTK-LacZ,为构建重组鸭瘟病毒奠定了基础。     

表达PEDV中国变异株S基因重组猪伪狂犬病病毒的构建和纯化

为了研制出能够同时预防猪流行性腹泻病毒(porcine epidemic diarrhea virus,PEDV)和猪伪狂犬病病毒(pseudorabies virus,PRV)感染的二联活疫苗,本研究将增强型绿色荧光蛋白(EGFP)和PEDV中国变异株的纤突蛋白免疫决定簇区域(S1)基因分别克隆至含有PRV胸苷激酶(TK)基因上、下游同源臂的穿梭载体pTK中,构建重组PRV转移质粒pTK-EGFP和pTK-S1。将重组质粒pTK-EGFP与PRV疫苗毒株Bartha-K61基因组DNA共转染Vero细胞,经绿色荧光蚀斑纯化得到重组病毒rPRV-EGFP。随后将重组质粒pTK-S1与rPRV-EGFP基因组DNA共转染Vero细胞,通过反向筛选EGFP阴性蚀斑,蚀斑纯化得到表达PEDV S蛋白的重组伪狂犬病病毒rPRV-S1。本研究将为更有效防控猪伪狂犬病和猪流行性腹泻提供辅助工具。     

鸭瘟病毒的分子生物学研究进展

鸭瘟病毒属疱疹病毒科、α-疱疹病毒亚科。其核酸结构为线状双股 DNA,衣壳为二十面体对称 ,有囊膜。鸭瘟病毒的 DNA具典型的疱疹病毒 DNA的特征 ,大小约为 1 50 kb,两端为末端重复序列 ,中间有内部重复序列。囊膜蛋白为疱疹病毒的主要保护性抗原 ,它在介导病毒进入细胞 ,以及病毒的成熟与释放中均起重要的作用。疱疹病毒的囊膜蛋白主要有糖蛋白 B( Glycoprotein B,g B)、g C、g D、g E、g I等。其他蛋白如 Ul3 6、Ul3 7等在病毒的成熟与释放中也起重要的作用。国内外已有多人建立起鸭瘟的PCR检测方法 ,而其基因工程疫苗的研究报道较少。但参考其他疱疹病毒特别是伪狂犬病的基因工程疫苗的研究 ,可以推测鸭瘟的基因工程疫苗研究也大有可为。     

Efficient strategy for constructing duck enteritis virus-based live attenuated vaccine against homologous and heterologous H5N1 avian influenza virus and duck enteritis virus infection

Duck is susceptible to many pathogens, such as duck hepatitis virus, duck enteritis virus (DEV), duck tembusu virus, H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) in particular. With the significant role of duck in the evolution of H5N1 HPAIV, control and eradication of H5N1 HPAIV in duck through vaccine immunization is considered an effective method in minimizing the threat of a pandemic outbreak. Consequently, a practical strategy to construct a vaccine against these pathogens should be determined. In this study, the DEV was examined as a candidate vaccine vector to deliver the hemagglutinin (HA) gene of H5N1, and its potential as a polyvalent vaccine was evaluated. A modified mini-F vector was inserted into the gB and UL26 gene junction of the attenuated DEV vaccine strain C-KCE genome to generate an infectious bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) of C-KCE (vBAC-C-KCE). The HA gene of A/duck/Hubei/xn/2007 (H5N1) was inserted into the C-KCE genome via the mating-assisted genetically integrated cloning (MAGIC) to generate the recombinant vector pBAC-C-KCE-HA. A bivalent vaccine C-KCE-HA was developed by eliminating the BAC backbone. Ducks immunized with C-KCE-HA induced both the cross-reactive antibodies and T cell response against H5. Moreover, C-KCE-HA-immunized ducks provided rapid and long-lasting protection against homologous and heterologous HPAIV H5N1 and DEV clinical signs, death, and primary viral replication. In conclusion, our BAC-C-KCE is a promising platform for developing a polyvalent live attenuated vaccine.

Electronic supplementary material

The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13567-015-0174-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.     

Attenuated Salmonella typhimurium delivering DNA vaccine encoding duck enteritis virus UL24 induced systemic and mucosal immune responses and conferred good protection against challenge

Orally delivered DNA vaccines against duck enteritis virus (DEV) were developed using live attenuated Salmonella typhimurium (SL7207) as a carrier and Escherichia coli heat labile enterotoxin B subunit (LTB) as a mucosal adjuvant. DNA vaccine plasmids pVAX-UL24 and pVAX-LTB-UL24 were constructed and transformed into attenuated Salmonella typhimurium SL7207 resulting SL7207 (pVAX-UL24) and SL7207 (pVAX-LTB-UL24) respectively. After ducklings were orally inoculated with SL7207 (pVAX-UL24) or SL7207 (pVAX-LTB-UL24), the anti-DEV mucosal and systemic immune responses were recorded. To identify the optimum dose that confers maximum protection, we used different doses of the candidate vaccine SL7207 (pVAX-LTB-UL24) during oral immunization. The strongest mucosal and systemic immune responses developed in the SL7207 (pVAX-LTB-UL24) (10¹¹ CFU) immunized group. Accordingly, oral immunization of ducklings with SL7207 (pVAX-LTB-UL24) showed superior efficacy of protection (60-80%) against a lethal DEV challenge (1000 LD₅₀), compared with the limited survival rate (40%) of ducklings immunized with SL7207 (pVAX-UL24). Our study suggests that the SL7207 (pVAX-LTB-UL24) can be a candidate DEV vaccine.     

实时荧光定量PCR快速检测鸭病毒性肠炎标准方法的建立

根据GenBank(登录号:EF417996)中鸭病毒性肠炎病毒U31基因的序列,设计了1对特异性引物及TaqMan探针,扩增片段长度为76 bp.以鸭病毒性肠炎弱毒疫苗株DNA为阳性标准品模板,建立了实时荧光定量PCR检测鸭病毒性肠炎病毒的方法.该方法能在鸭病毒性肠炎病毒DNA样本中检出荧光信号,定量范围为:2.1×109～2.1×100个拷贝数,最小检出量为2.1×100个拷贝;用该方法对人工感染试验的4只鸭组织器官、粪便、血液等样品重复测定3次,病毒模板DNA的检出率为100%,对鸭正常组织、巴氏杆菌、大肠杆菌、沙门菌和鸭病毒性肝炎、鹅源禽流感H5毒株、新城疫、小鹅瘟病毒等DNA检测不出现特异性荧光信号.经过重复性和实际临床样本检验证实,该方法真实可靠,而且从核酸提取到报告检测结果耗时不超过4 h,不仅实现了对鸭病毒性肠炎的快速诊断,也实现了对该病毒DNA由定性到定量的检测.     

牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒TK基因缺失株的构建

将含有牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒（ Ｉ Ｂ Ｒ Ｖ） Ｔ Ｋ 基因的片段克隆于ｐ Ｂｌｕｅｓｃｒｉｐｔ Ｓ Ｋ 中, 再用 Ｂｇ１ Ⅱ和 Ｓａｃ Ｉ切去 Ｔ Ｋ 基因中３４７ｂｐ 的片段, 获得了含缺失 Ｔ Ｋ 基因的重组质粒, 然后插入 Ｌａｃ Ｚ 报告基因, 构建成转移载体。以脂质体转染法将此转移载体与 Ｉ Ｂ Ｒ Ｖ Ｂａｒｔｈａ 株在牛肾细胞（ Ｍ Ｄ Ｂ Ｋ） 上共转染, 经过蓝色蚀斑筛选和蚀斑克隆纯化, 获得了能稳定遗传的重组 Ｉ Ｂ Ｒ Ｖ。经 Ｐ Ｃ Ｒ 和 Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ 印迹杂交鉴定, 证实该重组病毒为 Ｔ Ｋ 基因缺失突变株。     

Molecular characterization of duck enteritis virus CHv strain UL49.5 protein and its colocalization with glycoprotein M

The UL49.5 gene of most herpesviruses is conserved and encodes glycoprotein N. However, the UL49.5 protein of duck enteritis virus (DEV) (pUL49.5) has not been reported. In the current study, the DEV pUL49.5 gene was first subjected to molecular characterization. To verify the predicted intracellular localization of gene expression, the recombinant plasmid pEGFP-C1/pUL49.5 was constructed and used to transfect duck embryo fibroblasts. Next, the recombinant plasmid pDsRed1-N1/glycoprotein M (gM) was produced and used for co-transfection with the pEGFP-C1/pUL49.5 plasmid to determine whether DEV pUL49.5 and gM (a conserved protein in herpesviruses) colocalize. DEV pUL49.5 was thought to be an envelope glycoprotein with a signal peptide and two transmembrane domains. This protein was also predicted to localize in the cytoplasm and endoplasmic reticulum with a probability of 66.7%. Images taken by a fluorescence microscope at different time points revealed that the DEV pUL49.5 and gM proteins were both expressed in the cytoplasm. Overlap of the two different fluorescence signals appeared 12 h after transfection and continued to persist until the end of the experiment. These data indicate a possible interaction between DEV pUL49.5 and gM.     

表达绿色荧光蛋白的鸭肠炎病毒gE基因转移载体构建

本实验利用PCR方法扩增DEVC-KCE株gE基因片段(包含gI基因及其侧翼序列),扩增产物克隆入pGEM-T载体测序后亚克隆至pUC19 EcoRI、SalI位点间,获得pUC-gE。将增强型绿色荧光蛋白表达盒插入pUC-gE BamHI位点,构建转移载体pUC-gE-EGFP。该转移载体有7个单一酶切位点可供外源基因插入,上下游侧翼分别为1.57Kb和1Kb。将转移载体pUC-gE-EGFP转染鸭胚成纤维细胞(DEF),观察到绿色荧光,说明EGFP基因获得有效表达,为开发以鸭肠炎病毒为载体的多价、多联基因工程疫苗提供了物质基础。