绵羊肺炎支原体和溶血性曼氏杆菌双重PCR检测方法的建立及应用

为建立同时检测绵羊肺炎支原体(MO)和溶血性曼氏杆菌(Mh)的方法,本研究根据MO的hsp70基因和Mh的gcp基因分别设计引物,建立了同时检测这两种病原的双重PCR检测方法.实验结果显示该方法能够特异性的扩增MO (135 bp)和Mh (227 bp) DNA片段,其最低检出量分别为2.06×103拷贝/μL和6.37 c fu/mL,与单一PCR相同.该方法对常见的致病菌无交叉反应.对临床样本的检测结果显示MO和Mh的检出率分别为56.25％和52.50％,与单独PCR符合率为100％.研究结果表明,本研究所建立的双重PCR检测方法具有特异性强、敏感性高等特点,为临床上MO和Mh混合感染的快速检测、鉴定以及流行病学调查提供了方便、快捷、准确的方法.     

绵羊肺炎支原体和精氨酸支原体双重PCR检测方法的建立及应用

为建立绵羊肺炎支原体和精氨酸支原体的双重PCR检测方法,本试验分别设计了绵羊肺炎支原体和精氨酸支原体的特异性引物,优化反应条件后对其特异性和敏感性进行评价,并对40份鼻拭子进行了检测。结果显示,该方法能同时扩增出绵羊肺炎支原体545 bp和精氨酸支原体806 bp的特异性片段,而对其他病原的DNA扩增均为阴性。该双重PCR方法对绵羊肺炎支原体和精氨酸支原体的最低检测限分别为100和10 pg/μL。40份鼻拭子检测结果显示,双重PCR检测方法与分离培养法符合率高达92.5%,均能鉴定出绵羊肺炎支原体和精氨酸支原体。结果表明,本研究建立的双重PCR方法可用于绵羊肺炎支原体和精氨酸支原体的临床快速诊断。     

应用多重套式PCR检测鸡毒支原体和鸡滑液囊支原体

根据已发表的鸡毒和鸡滑液支原体血凝素基因序列pMGA和vlhA各设计两对引物,建立鉴别诊断两种支原体的多重套式PCR方法,对其进行温度条件、Ⅱ步模板浓度优化及特异性、敏感性实验。该方法在两步PCR后能特异性地扩增出MG(408 bp)和MS(688 bp)两个目的片段。应用于临床样品检测,与支原体分离、SPA检测比较结果PCR灵敏度高于病原分离。     

鸡毒支原体与鸡滑液囊支原体双重PCR检测方法的建立

为建立能同时检测鸡毒支原体(Mycoplasma gallisepticum, MG)和鸡滑液囊支原体(Mycoplasma synoviae,MS)的双重PCR诊断方法,该研究根据GenBank中登录的MG gapA基因序列和MS heat shock ATP-dependent protease基因序列,设计2对特异性引物,通过对PCR扩增条件的优化,建立了能够同时检测MG和MS的双重PCR诊断方法。特异性检测结果显示,该方法能够扩增出729 bp的MG和309 bp的MS特异性片段,对禽巴氏杆菌、大肠杆菌、鸡白痢沙门菌、副鸡禽杆菌核酸扩增均为阴性;敏感性检测结果显示,对MG和MS DNA的最低检出量均为5×10^-2 ng/μL;临床样品的检测结果显示,所建立的双重PCR方法可同时有效地检测出MG、MS混合感染和单独感染。该研究建立的鸡毒支原体与鸡滑液囊支原体双重PCR方法具有良好的特异性、敏感性、重复性,为快速、高效检测MG和MS提供了技术支持。     

牛支原体、无乳支原体和丝状支原体丝状亚种小克隆三重PCR检测方法的建立及初步应用

本研究旨在建立一种可一次性区分牛支原体、丝状支原体丝状亚种小克隆和无乳支原体的三重PCR诊断方法,为临床诊断和流行病学调查提供可靠检测技术.根据GenBank发表的上述3种病原的基因组序列保守区域设计3对特异性引物建立三重PCR方法;确定其检测敏感性,以猪支原体、鸡支原体、无乳支原体和丝状支原体丝状亚种小克隆基因作模板检验其特异性;同时和病原分离鉴定结果对比其准确性.结果表明在优化体系和条件下能够同时得到扩增长度为448、549、375 bp 3条特异性片段,未扩增出猪、鸡支原体模板特异性片段;其敏感性(可检测到的最小模板DNA含量)为0.8 ng·μL-1;36份临床样品检测结果显示,三重PCR检测结果与分离培养鉴定方法一致,均能鉴定出牛支原体阳性病料.本研究建立的三重PCR诊断方法能够一次性鉴别3种支原体,具有高敏感性、特异性和准确性,可用于临床诊断和流行病学调查.     

牛支原体双重PCR检测方法的建立

为鉴别牛支原体(Mycoplasma bovis)与丝状支原体丝状亚种SC(M.mycoides subsp.mycoides SC),本实验通过优化M.bovis特异性引物pMB81-1/pMB81-2s和MmmSC特异性引物SC1/SC2的退火温度,建立了鉴别M.bovis和MmmSC的双重PCR检测方法。该方法能够分别由M.bovis和MmmSC扩增得到528bp和270bp片段。敏感性试验结果显示该方法检测M.bovis和MmmSC培养物的最低浓度分别为106cfu/mL和105cfu/mL。特异性试验结果显示,该方法对无乳支原体代表株PG2、丝状支原体丝状亚种LC型代表株Y-goat、山羊支原体山羊肺炎亚种Mccp、绵羊支原体Y-98、猪鼻支原体BST-7、巴氏杆菌以及结核分枝杆菌扩增结果均为阴性。应用该方法对临床病料的检测结果与培养鉴定结果的符合率为100%,表明该方法具有良好的特异性和敏感性,可以应用于临床检测。     

牛支原体快速PCR检测方法的建立及其应用

本试验旨在建立一种可直接从病料中快速检测牛支原体的PCR方法,并且应用于临床。根据牛支原体16S rRNA基因设计一对引物,配制PCR扩增体系,样品经简单处理后加入体系进行扩增,最终扩增出1 390bp片段,进一步的试验证明该方法具有良好的特异性和敏感性。临床样品检测结果显示,该方法的检出率与传统PCR的符合率为100%。试验表明,该方法能快速直接从临床样品中检测出牛支原体,可用于牛支原体的大量临床样品的检测。     

应用巢式POR方法检测牛支原体肺炎

根据Genbank发表的牛支原体全基因序列,设计2对特异性引物,建立了诊断牛支原体肺炎的巢式PCR方法,第一轮引物P1、P2扩增片段长度为1912bp,第二轮引物P3、P4扩增片段长度为422bp：该方法特异性试验未扩增出丝状支原体丝状亚种小克隆和无乳支原体特异性条带;敏感性试验证明扩增DNA最低含量达到10—7Hg／mL,是单一PCR的10^3倍;用该方法对阳性病料进行检测,均扩增出特异性片段。该体系的成功构建,可以为牛支原体肺炎的活体检测,和流行病学调查提供技术支持。     

应用巢式PCR方法检测牛支原体肺炎

根据Genbank发表的牛支原体全基因序列,设计2对特异性引物,建立了诊断牛支原体肺炎的巢式PCR方法,第一轮引物P1、P2扩增片段长度为1912bp,第二轮引物P3、P4扩增片段长度为422bp:该方法特异性试验未扩增出丝状支原体丝状亚种小克隆和无乳支原体特异性条带;敏感性试验证明扩增DNA最低含量达到10-7μg/mL,是单一PCR的103倍;用该方法对阳性病料进行检测,均扩增出特异性片段。该体系的成功构建,可以为牛支原体肺炎的活体检测,和流行病学调查提供技术支持。     

山羊和绵羊嗜血支原体PCR检测方法的建立与应用

为建立羊嗜血支原体(M.ovis)病快速检测方法,本实验根据GenBank中登录的羊M.ovis 16S rRNA基因序列设计一对引物,以山羊和绵羊M.ovis基因组DNA为模板,建立M.ovis PCR检测方法,并进行特异性、敏感性及临床应用试验。结果显示,建立的M.ovis PCR检测方法扩增片段大小为508 bp,与GenBank中M.ovis参考株同源性达99%以上,该方法与猪嗜血支原体、牛嗜血支原体等病原体无交叉反应,最低检测40个拷贝的DNA;通过对延边地区60份山羊和绵羊血液样本的检测结果表明,建立的PCR检测方法具有特异、敏感、准确等优点,完全适用于M.ovis的检测。     

Utilisation of glucose by Mycoplasma suipneumoniae and Mycoplasma flocculare.

The utilisation of glucose by Mycoplasma suipneumoniae and Mycoplasma flocculare was examined by chemical determination of glucose disappearance during growth, and by examination for hexokinase activity in cell preparations. Both species degraded glucose during growth and possessed hexokinase activity as evidence of the presence of a glycolytic pathway. The glucose utilisation capacity was found to be greater for M. flocculare than for M. suipneumoniae.     

Morphological and ultrastructural studies of Mycoplasma flocculare and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in vitro.

Cells of Mycoplasma flocculare were found to vary in size and shape, especially in the later phases of growth, whereas those of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae were fairly uniform irrespective of growth phases. Filamentous cells were present in cultures of M flocculare in the stationary and declining phases, but were never found in cultures of M hyopneumoniae. The filamentous and bizarre forms observed when mycoplasmas were suspended in phosphotungstic acid probably result from the action of the hypotonic solution. The surface of all cells was covered by a fuzzy coat consisting of fine hairs or bristles. An electron-lucent region was usually seen in cells negatively stained after centrifugation, but was only occasionally seen in cells negatively stained directly from the medium. Intracytoplasmic membranes were present in sectioned cells. No attachment organelle was found in cells of either species.     

Comparative study of Mycoplasma pulmonis and Mycoplasma gallisepticum infections in turkey sinus.

Infraorbital sinuses of young turkeys were injected with virulent strains of Mycoplasma pulmonis and Mycoplasma gallisepticum to compare the diseases caused by the 2 agents. Mycoplasma pulmonis did not cause visible swelling from large quantities of mucous exudate in the sinuses, such as occurs with M gallisepticum, and it could not be recovered by bacteriologic culture technique after 3 weeks. However, slight exudate did accompany the M pulmonis infection. Similarities between the disease caused by M pulmonis and that caused by M gallisepticum included lymphocytic infiltration in the submucosa, swollen epithelial cells, and loss of cilia from sinus epithelial cell surfaces. This strain of M pulmonis, which is pathogenic for rats, was only mildly pathogenic for turkeys and the infection did not persist for long.     

Heterogeneity of Mycoplasma dispar.

Seventy bovine mycoplasma strains recovered from cases of calf pneumonia, and all displaying the cultural characteristics of Mycoplasma dispar, were compared to the type strain of this species by the disc growth inhibition test, the metabolism inhibition test and indirect epi-immunofluorescence test applied to colonies on agar. Sixty-seven strains were found to be identical with M. dispar. The remaining three strains formed a distinct serogroup partially separate from the type strain of M. dispar, but the difference from the type strain was not considered great enough to warrant the establishment of a subspecies.