猪链球菌2型三种重组表达蛋白对BALB/c小鼠的免疫保护性评价

将150只BALB/c小鼠随机分成5组。用猪链球菌2型pET32a-Sly、pET32a-38ku和pET32a-Sly-38ku表达的重组蛋白制备的疫苗,以及猪链球菌2型全菌灭活疫苗分别免疫A、B、C、D组小鼠,E组为生理盐水对照。首免后第2周加强免疫1次,二免后第2周,用致死量强毒猪链球菌2型四川分离株和江苏分离株以及马链球菌兽疫亚种安徽分离株攻毒,观察攻毒后对小鼠的免疫保护率。结果,A组与C、D组对猪链球菌2型感染的保护率差异显著（P〈0.05）,而C组与D组之间保护率无显著差异;A、B、C、D组之间对马链球菌兽疫亚种安徽分离株感染的保护率差异不显著;各免疫组的保护率极显著高于对照组。结果表明,3种重组疫苗具有良好的免疫原性,能对强毒株猪链球菌2型的攻击感染起到保护作用。     

不同厂家猪肺炎支原体灭活疫苗免疫效力对比实验

本研究旨在评价不同厂家猪肺炎支原体灭活疫苗的免疫攻毒保护效果。选择4周龄仔猪25头,随机分为5组,每组5头猪,分别免疫四种猪肺炎支原体灭活疫苗（即疫苗A组、疫苗B组、疫苗C组、疫苗D组）,E组为攻毒对照组,不做任何处理,在同等条件下隔离饲养。各疫苗按照对应的说明书进行免疫,免疫后第14、28天进行采血,检测支原体抗体水平,一免后28 d时,所有免疫组连同攻毒对照组,各气管注射猪肺炎支原体CJ株5 m L/头（含0.01 g肺组织毒）。攻毒后饲养观察28 d,对所有实验组动物进行观察临床症状。A组实验动物攻毒后未出现咳嗽、腹式呼吸等支原体临床症状,B-D组实验猪攻毒后偶尔出现轻微间隔性咳嗽,E组实验动物攻毒后出现连续性咳嗽,个别猪出现腹式呼吸等临床症状。攻毒后第28天进行病理剖检。结果表明,攻毒对照组猪4/5头出现典型猪肺炎支原体病变,在肺脏尖叶、心叶、膈叶前1/3部位以及中间叶,出现“肉样”或“胰样”实质样病变,界限明显。B～D组解剖后个别猪出现典型猪肺炎支原体病变,A组实验动物解剖后个别猪肺脏出现零星病变,剩余实验动物肺脏均未出现猪肺炎支原体病变。根据肺部病变较少率计算,A～D组病变...     

不同厂家的猪O型口蹄疫疫苗对口蹄疫流行毒株保护性的研究

为了探索不同厂家疫苗对猪O型口蹄疫流行毒株的保护情况,选用当前政府采购的A、B灭活疫苗厂家和C合成肽疫苗厂家生产的猪O型口蹄疫疫苗,按照农业部推荐免疫程序对试验猪分别进行二次免疫后90天,用OZK/93和O/(XJ/10-11/MYA/98)进行攻毒,观察其各自保护率。结果显示,A、B两个厂家的灭活疫苗对OZK/93株的攻毒保护率分别为60%、80%,对O/(XJ/10-11/MYA/98)株的攻毒保护率分别为100%、100%;合成肽疫苗对OZK/93株的保护率为100%,对O/(XJ/10-11/MYA/98)株保护率为60%。说明试验用的3个厂家的猪O型口蹄疫疫苗对毒株的保护有差异。     

猪乙型脑炎(HW1株)细胞灭活疫苗免疫抗体水平分析

为评估猪乙型脑炎(HW1株)细胞灭活疫苗的免疫原性,用商品化的乙型脑炎鼠脑疫苗、乙型脑炎弱毒疫苗(SA14-14-2株)以及自制乙型脑炎细胞灭活疫苗(HW1株)分别免疫仔猪,通过抗体水平监测试验、中和抗体试验、小鼠攻毒保护试验分别检测了其特异性抗体消长情况、中和抗体效价产生情况及疫苗对小鼠的攻毒保护率。结果显示,3种疫苗均能产生中和抗体,乙型脑炎细胞灭活疫苗免疫组中和抗体水平要高于鼠脑疫苗和弱毒疫苗免疫组,乙型脑炎细胞灭活疫苗和弱毒疫苗免疫组对小鼠的攻毒保护率高于鼠脑疫苗免疫组,但两者之间差异不显著。抗体消长情况显示,至8周观测期结束,鼠脑疫苗免疫组的抗体阳性率为80%,乙型脑炎细胞灭活疫苗和弱毒疫苗免疫组抗体阳性率为100%。结果表明猪乙型脑炎(HW1株)细胞灭活疫苗的免疫原性优于鼠脑灭活疫苗和弱毒疫苗。     

基于细菌表面展示技术的猪链球菌病-副猪嗜血杆菌病二联亚单位疫苗的小鼠保护效果评价

为评价猪链球菌病-副猪嗜血杆菌病表面展示二联亚单位疫苗对小鼠的保护效果,本研究在应用融合PCR构建副猪嗜血杆菌(HPS)保护性抗原AfuA-OppA2和CdtB-OppA基因的串联序列基础上,将其分别插入pMD-28a-INP-His表面展示质粒,并将猪链球菌(SS)保护性抗原MRP、SLY基因也分别克隆至该表面展示质粒,构建pMD-INP-CdtB-OppA、pMD-INP-AfuA-OppA2、pMD-INP-MRP、pMD-INP-SLY 4种重组质粒,分别转入E.coli BL21(DE3)中诱导表达,使重组蛋白AfuA-OppA2、CdtB-OppA、MRP、SLY分别展示于E.coli BL21(DE3)的菌体表面。将灭活后的4种重组大肠杆菌按等质量比混合并添加ISA 201佐剂乳化制成表面展示二联亚单位疫苗,间隔14 d两次免疫KM小鼠,另设含rAfuA、rOppA2、rCdtB、rOppA、rMRP、rSLY的纯化蛋白亚单位疫苗免疫组、副猪嗜血杆菌-猪链球菌(HPS-SS)灭活疫苗免疫组和PBS对照组,二次免疫后的小鼠血清通过ELISA检测相应抗体和细胞因子水平。随后用HPS血清5型HN10株、血清13型ZD12株和SS血清2型M126株和血清9型GZ2株进行攻毒。结果显示:表面展示二联亚单位疫苗刺激小鼠产生的抗体和细胞因子水平与纯化蛋白亚单位疫苗组相当。用副猪嗜血杆菌5型和13型菌株分别攻毒后,表面展示二联亚单位疫苗对小鼠的保护率均为80%,其对HPS 5型菌株攻毒的小鼠保护率低于纯化蛋白亚单位疫苗(90%),但对HPS 13型菌株攻毒小鼠的保护率高于纯化蛋白亚单位疫苗(60%),且均优于HPS-SS灭活苗(80%和60%)。用SS 2型和9型菌株分别攻毒后,表面展示二联亚单位疫苗对小鼠的保护率为50%和80%,低于纯化蛋白亚单位疫苗的保护效果(100%和80%),优于HPS-SS灭活苗(50%和60%)。以上结果表明,基于表面展示技术的猪链球菌病-副猪嗜血杆菌病二联亚单位疫苗能刺激机体产生相应的抗体,其对HPS血清5型、13型和SS血清2型、9型菌株的攻击均能提供良好的交叉保护,保护效果优于HPS-SS灭活苗。本研究首次为基于表面展示技术的亚单位疫苗的研制提供实验依据,为细菌疫苗的研发提供新思路。     

分子修饰狂犬病ERA疫苗株剂量依赖反应及对强毒的攻毒保护研究

为评价分子修饰狂犬病ERA疫苗株(简称rERAG_(333E))的免疫效果,本实验将其分别以10~3FFU/mL、10~4FFU/m L、10~5FFU/mL、10~6FFU/mL的剂量口服免疫小鼠,监测小鼠血清中和抗体持续期;同时在小鼠免疫4周后采用不同现地流行株进行攻毒保护实验。结果表明,rERAG_(333E)以10~4FFU/mL以上剂量免疫小鼠,免疫后各实验组小鼠均能够产生较高水平的抗狂犬病病毒(RABV)中和抗体,且能够抵抗经典效检强毒株CVS-24和现地流行强毒株GX/09和MRV的致死性攻击,保护率达到100%;免疫有效持续期能够达到24周以上。以上结果表明rERAG_(333E)是一种安全有效,具有推广使用潜力的狂犬病口服疫苗候选株。     

猪丹毒丝菌灭活疫苗免疫佐剂的筛选

旨在筛选适宜于猪丹毒丝菌灭活疫苗的佐剂。以分离鉴定出的猪丹毒丝菌1a型HG-1株灭活菌体为抗原分别配制矿物油佐剂疫苗(简称矿物油疫苗)、氢氧化铝胶佐剂疫苗(简称铝胶疫苗)、ISA201双相油乳佐剂疫苗(简称ISA201疫苗)、GEL02水溶性聚合物佐剂疫苗(简称GEL疫苗)、IMS1313水溶性纳米佐剂疫苗(简称IMS1313疫苗)共5种佐剂的灭活疫苗。小鼠免疫保护试验结果表明,二免14 d后使用约为4 LD_(50)的HG-1株对小鼠进行腹腔攻毒,矿物油疫苗和GEL疫苗的保护率分别为100%(7/7)和71%(5/7),其他三种佐剂疫苗的保护率均为14%(1/7)。本研究进一步选择铝胶疫苗和GEL疫苗进行猪体对比试验;仔猪安全性试验结果表明,两种佐剂疫苗的副反应均较小;免疫保护试验结果表明,两次免疫后使用约为16 LD_(100)的HG-1株对免疫仔猪进行耳缘静脉攻毒,两种佐剂疫苗的保护率分别为60%(3/5)和100%(5/5)。本研究最终选择GEL佐剂作为开发猪丹毒灭活疫苗的最适佐剂。     

猪丹毒丝菌灭活疫苗免疫佐剂的筛选

旨在筛选适宜于猪丹毒丝菌灭活疫苗的佐剂。以分离鉴定出的猪丹毒丝菌1a型HG-1株灭活菌体为抗原分别配制矿物油佐剂疫苗（简称矿物油疫苗）、氢氧化铝胶佐剂疫苗（简称铝胶疫苗）、ISA201双相油乳佐剂疫苗（简称ISA201疫苗）、GEL02水溶性聚合物佐剂疫苗（简称GEL疫苗）、IMS1313水溶性纳米佐剂疫苗（简称IMS1313疫苗）共5种佐剂的灭活疫苗。小鼠免疫保护试验结果表明,二免14 d后使用约为4 LD₅₀的HG-1株对小鼠进行腹腔攻毒,矿物油疫苗和GEL疫苗的保护率分别为100%（7/7）和71%（5/7）,其他三种佐剂疫苗的保护率均为14%（1/7）。本研究进一步选择铝胶疫苗和GEL疫苗进行猪体对比试验;仔猪安全性试验结果表明,两种佐剂疫苗的副反应均较小;免疫保护试验结果表明,两次免疫后使用约为16 LD₁₀₀的HG-1株对免疫仔猪进行耳缘静脉攻毒,两种佐剂疫苗的保护率分别为60%（3/5）和100%（5/5）。本研究最终选择GEL佐剂作为开发猪丹毒灭活疫苗的最适佐剂。     

新城疫-传染性支气管炎-减蛋综合征三联灭活油乳剂疫苗的攻毒保护试验

用新支减三联灭活油乳剂疫苗皮下注射健康鸡，免疫3周后，分别用NDVF48E9株、IBVM41株、EDSVHE02株进行攻毒，检验新支减三联灭活油乳剂疫苗的免疫保护能力。结果显示，免疫组的攻毒保护率为：新城疫100％保护，传染性支气管炎书0％保护，减蛋综合征90％保护；对照组攻毒保护率为：新城疫0％保护，传染性支气管炎2...     

五种市售鸡传染性鼻炎灭活疫苗免疫效力比较

本研究对国内市场上几个主要鸡传染性鼻炎灭活疫苗生产厂家生产的灭活疫苗免疫鸡只进行血清HI抗体水平测定和攻毒,比较不同公司所产疫苗效力的效力差异,并评估A、C型二价灭活疫苗两次免疫鸡群对国内B型分离株:DL-1株和最近从免疫失败鸡场分离到的SD-1株的交叉保护作用,分析免疫失败的原因.结果表明:A、D、E公司的疫苗免疫两次后,A型HI抗体阳性率分别为92.5%、100%和95%,滴度分别为33.9、55.1和59.9,攻毒保护率都是100%.C型HI抗体阳性率分别为72.5%、38.5%和77.5%,滴度分别为11.4、2.7和27,攻毒保护率分别为80%、70%和80%.而B和C公司的疫苗免疫两次后A型HI抗体阳性率分别为59.4%、77.1%,抗体滴度分别为5.4和21.8,攻毒保护率分别为50%和66.7%;C型HI抗体阳性率分别为54.1%和51.4%,抗体滴度分别为6.1和6.8,攻毒保护率分别为38.3%和50%.在五个疫苗产品中,以A、D、E的保护效力较好,B、C产品效力较差.另外,A、C型二价灭活疫苗免疫后不能对B型菌的攻击提供保护,其A、C型HI抗体阳性率、抗体滴度与对B型菌攻毒保护率无相关性.     

高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征活疫苗(HuN4-F112株)诱导特异性IFN-γ~+T细胞反应的研究

为研究高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征(PRRS)活疫苗(HuN4-F112株)诱导的特异性IFN-γ+T细胞反应与其保护作用的相关性,本研究将25头45日龄PRRSV阴性健康仔猪随机均分为5组,第1～3组分别于0 d、7 d、14 d免疫HuN4-F112疫苗(1头份/头,106.0TCID50),第4组为攻毒对照组,第1～4组于21 d用PRRSV强毒株HuN4-F5攻毒(3 mL/头,104.0TCID50),第5组为空白对照组。疫苗免疫后1周～2周产生部分保护,3周产生完全保护,第1～4组保护率分别为5/5、2/5、2/5和0/5。中和抗体检测显示免疫组免疫后7 d和14 d所有猪只均未检测到中和抗体,免疫后第21 d第1组4头猪检测到低效价(≤1∶8)的中和抗体。疫苗免疫后血清中IFN-γ含量略有升高,但变化不大,整体都处于较低的水平。采用酶联免疫斑点技术(ELISpot)检测PRRSV特异性IFN-γ+T细胞反应。免疫组免疫后7 d、14 d、21 d百万外周血单个核细胞中IFN-γ+T细胞频数分别为0±0、0±2、5±8,组间和组内统计分析显示差异不显著。结果表明在HuN4-F112株疫苗早期保护中,IFN-γ参与的特异性细胞免疫反应较弱,在早期免疫阶段难以发挥主要作用。本研究为了解PRRSV疫苗免疫保护机制提供参考,同时,也提示需要采用更多的指标和方法来评价该疫苗诱导的免疫反应。     

Enhancement of protective immune responses by oral vaccination with Saccharomyces cerevisiae expressing recombinant Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae ApxIA or ApxIIA in mice

We previously induced protective immune response by oral immunization with yeast expressing the ApxIIA antigen. The ApxI antigen is also an important factor in the protection against Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 5 infection; therefore, the protective immunity in mice following oral immunization with Saccharomyces cerevisiae expressing either ApxIA (group C) or ApxIIA (group D) alone or both (group E) was compared with that in two control groups (group A and B). The immunogenicity of the rApxIA antigen derived from the yeast was confirmed by a high survival rate and an ApxIA-specific IgG antibody response (p < 0.01). The highest systemic (IgG) and local (IgA) humoral immune responses to ApxIA and ApxIIA were detected in group E after the third immunization (p < 0.05). The levels of IL-1β and IL-6 after challenge with an A. pleuropneumoniae field isolate did not change significantly in the vaccinated groups. The level of TNF-α increased in a time-dependent manner in group E but was not significantly different after the challenge. After the challenge, the mice in group E had a significantly lower infectious burden and a higher level of protection than the mice in the other groups (p < 0.05). The survival rate in each group was closely correlated to the immune response and histopathological observations in the lung following the challenge. These results suggested that immunity to the ApxIA antigen is required for optimal protection.     

Mortality in swine herds endemically infected with Haemophilus pleuropneumoniae: effect of immunization with cross-reacting lipopolysaccharide core antigens of Escherichia coli

The benefit of increased immunity to cross-reacting lipopolysaccharide core antigens of gram-negative bacteria induced by vaccination with an Rc mutant of Escherichia coli 0111:B4 (strain J5) was evaluated in commercial swine herds endemically infected with Haemophilus pleuropneumoniae. Weanling pigs were vaccinated IM with E coli J5 (group 1) before the expected time of H pleuropneumoniae infection. Clinical signs, antibiotic treatment frequency, mortality, growth performance (days to market weight), and serologic responses of the pigs were monitored for approximately 5 months after vaccination. The results were compared with those of pigs vaccinated IM with a commercial H pleuropneumoniae bacterin (group 2) and with those of nonvaccinated control pigs of the same age (group 3). The treatment frequency and growth performance were similar in the 3 groups. However, vaccination with E coli J5 or with the H pleuropneumoniae bacterin lowered mortality, compared with mortality in the controls. Serum titers against E coli J5 increased after vaccination with the E coli J5 bacterin, but were not increased by vaccination with the H pleuropneumoniae. In contrast, serum titer to E coli J5 increased in all treatment groups as a result of H pleuropneumoniae infection or exposure. The protection against lethal H pleuropneumoniae infections in swine that was provided by vaccination with the E coli J5 and the H pleuropneumoniae bacterin appeared to be immunologically distinct on the basis of serologic analysis, indicating the possibility of different mechanisms of protection.     

抗热应激剂对肥育猪血清生化指标的影响

选体重约 6 0kg[杜× (长×大 ) ]杂种猪 5 0头 ,按性别、体重随机分为 5个处理组 ,每组 2个重复 ,每重复 5头 ,每重复单栏饲养 ,各组分别饲喂含不同抗热应激剂的饲粮 ,对照组仅喂基础日粮 ,4个试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加VC5 0 0mg kg、VE2 0 0mg kg、大豆黄素 10mg kg和牛磺酸 4 0 0mg kg ,试验期 39天。探讨不同抗热应激剂在高温条件下对肥育猪血清生化指标和免疫功能的影响。结果表明 :各组肥育猪血清尿素氮值差异不显著 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,试验组血糖均低于对照组 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,VC组、VE组和牛磺酸组血清HCO-3值、缓冲总碱和剩余碱值较对照组有所提高 (P >0 .0 5 )。各试验组血清皮质醇水平和CD+4 CD+8值均低于对照组 (P >0 .0 5 )。由此可见 ,VC、VE、大豆黄素和牛磺酸能降低热应激时猪体内皮质醇水平和提高猪免疫力。     

Immunogenicity of Clostridium septicum in guinea pigs

Five strains of Clostridium septicum were used to prepare bacterins, bacterin-toxoids, toxoid, and combinations of bacterins or bacterin-toxoids. These preparations were tested for immunogenicity in guinea pigs vaccinated subcutaneously with 1.0 ml of product. Usually, a second vaccination was given 21 to 24 days later. The immunity of groups of vaccinated guinea pigs was challenged with as many as 22 strains of C septicum. When challenge exposed with homologous strains at 21 to 24 days after one vaccination or 10 t0 18 days after a second vaccination, 60% to 100% of the guinea pigs in each group survived. Demonstrable cross-protection among strains of C septicum varied from none to 100% protection in vaccinated guinea pigs. A combination of bacterin-toxoid prepared from four selected strains protected 70% to 100% of the vaccinated guinea pigs challenge exposed with 21 strains. Duration-of-immunity studies demonstrated a twofold to fourfold decrease in protection when the vaccination-to-challenge interval was extended an additional 3 weeks. Strains of C septicum do not have an effective common immunogen and the stimulated immunity appears to be of short duration. Antitoxin was demonstrated to be less important than other factors in protecting against C septicum infection.     

The optimal immunization procedure of DNA vaccine pcDNA–TA4–IL-2 of Eimeria tenella and its cross-immunity to Eimeria necatrix and Eimeria acervulina

The immunization procedure of DNA vaccine pcDNA–TA4–IL-2 of Eimeria tenella, including route, dose, time of immunization and age of primary immunization of chicken, was optimized. The stability and the cross-species protection of the vaccine were also analyzed. Efficacy of immunization was evaluated on the basis of oocyst decrease ratio, lesion score, body-weight gain and the anti-coccidial index (ACI). Chinese Yellow chickens were randomly distributed into corresponding groups (30/group). The challenged, unchallenged and vector control groups were designed. The results illustrated that 25 μg was the optimal dose and intramuscular injection was the most effective route to induce protective immunity. There were no significant differences of ACIs between boosting and non-boosting groups. Storage time and temperature had little effect on the immunizing efficacy of the vaccine. The vaccine could provide partial cross-protection against the challenge with E. necatrix and E. acervulina, but not with E. maxima.     

Indices of non-specific and specific humoral immunity in pigs immunomodulated with the Bioimmuno preparation and/or immunised with the Respisure One vaccine against mycoplasmal pneumonia of swine

The purpose of the study was to determine the influence of the Bioimmuno preparation administered in feed and/or immunisation with the Respisure One vaccine on the development of selected indices of non-specific and specific humoral immune response against Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (Mhp) infections in pigs. The study was performed on 28 piglets at the age of 4 weeks, divided into four equal groups. The biopreparations were administered according to the following pattern: group I--Bioimmuno (IFI Olsztyn, Poland) with feedstuff at amount of 1 kg/50 kg of feed for 48 h before vaccination with Respisure One (Pfizer) on day 28 of life; group II--Bioimmuno only (1 kg/50 kg feedstuff) for 48 h before vaccination with Respisure One of groups I and III; group III--Respisure One only on day 28 of life (2 ml/animal i.m.) and group C (control)--PBS (2 ml/animal i.m.) simultaneously with vaccination of groups I and III. On days 0, 3, 7, 14 and 21 after immunomodulation and/or immunisation, the serum level of gamma-globulins, the activity of lysozyme (LSM) as well as the serum levels of cytokines: interferon gamma (IFNgamma), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1beta) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) were determined, as indices of non-specific immune response against Mhp infections in pigs. The study has revealed that in piglets after weaning the application of the Bioimmuno and/or Respisure One biopreparations improves the non-specific immunity parameters stimulating an increase in serum levels of gamma-globulins, lysozyme and cytokines (IFNgamma, IL-1beta, IL-6), while late appearing seroconversion confirms a minor role of specific humoral immunity in the protection against Mhp infection.     

Haemophilus pleuropneumoniae serotypes--cross protection experiments

Pigs vaccinated with a killed 6-hour culture of Haemophilus pleuropneumoniae serotype 2 with Freund's incomplete adjuvant were not protected against challenge with serotypes 1, 5, 6 or 8. Equivalent results were obtained when pigs were vaccinated with serotypes 4 or 5 and challenged with serotype 2. In earlier studies of immunity induced by intranasal immunization with live H. pleuropneumoniae organisms, it was clearly shown that intranasal inoculation with one serotype of H. pleuropneumoniae would induce a strong immunity to both homologous and heterologous serotypes (Nielsen 1979). The present study has shown that cross immunity is not obtained with parenteral immunization. The results strongly suggest that the immune response of the pig to parenteral vaccination is different from the response seen after natural infection, and indicate that an important part of the defence mechanism against H. pleuropneumoniae infection is a local immune-barrier which is effective in preventing the bacterium from penetrating the mucosa. In earlier vaccination experiments 90 per cent of vaccinates were protected against homologous challenge (Nielsen 1976). In the present work a vaccine containing serotypes 1 through 6 was fully protective against serotypes 2 and 3 and also against serotype 8, which shares antigenic determinants with serotypes 3 and 6. These results indicate that the protection obtained by parenteral immunization is serotype-specific. Vaccines must therefore contain the serotypes existing in the swine population.     

Evaluation of efficacy of a new live Salmonella Typhimurium vaccine candidate in a murine model

Efficacy of a new live Salmonella Typhimurium vaccine candidate attenuated by two virulence gene deletions was evaluated in this study. Live form of the vaccine was orally administered and formalin-inactivated form was intramuscularly (IM) administered. 105 female BALB/c mice were used and divided into 5 groups, A to E, containing 21 mice per group. Serum IgG and secretory IgA titers and levels of serum IFN-γ, IL-4, TNF-α, IL-12 of the immunized groups, especially group C (oral prime-oral booster) significantly increased. In addition, all animals in groups C showed no clinical symptoms and survived the virulent challenges, whereas all or some of mice from the other groups died of the challenge. These indicate that the vaccine candidate can be an effective tool for prevention of Salmonella infections by inducing robustly protective immune responses and leading to the production of inflammatory cytokines. Booster immunization, especially via oral administration, is necessary to optimize its protection.     

育成猪对猪链球菌的免疫应答

取 7周龄长大杂交猪 12头 ,随机均分为试验组和对照组。试验组按每公斤体重 4.5亿个菌腹部皮下接种猪链球菌 C551 2 6复制猪链球菌病 ,接种后 0、7、14、2 1、2 8d,自前腔静脉采血 ,计数红、白细胞总数和白细胞分类 ,用硝基蓝四氮唑 (NBT)还原试验定量检测嗜中性粒细胞吞噬功能 ,噻唑蓝 (MTT)比色法检测外周血中淋巴细胞转化 ,单向免疫扩散法测定血清 Ig G浓度 ,5 0 %溶血试验测定血清中补体总活性 ,同时 ,用植物血凝素 (PHA)皮肤试验检测迟发型超敏(DTH)反应。结果表明 ,接种后 7d开始 ,试验组白细胞总数升高 ,接种后 14d嗜中性粒细胞百分含量低于对照组 ,淋巴细胞百分含量则升高 ;嗜中性粒细胞还原硝基蓝四氮唑 (NBT)能力均极显著高于对照组 (P<0 .0 1) ,PHA诱导的淋巴细胞转化则极显著降低 (P<0 .0 1) ,DTH只在接种后 2 1d显著低于对照组 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,血清中 Ig G总量接种后 7d降低 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,14d却极显著升高 (P<0 .0 1) ,此后恢复正常 ,血清补体总活性只在接种后 7d降低 (P<0 .0 5 )。可见 ,猪对猪链球菌的免疫应答除了常见的抗原抗体反应外 ,还表现在免疫细胞数及其功能的变化 ,以及补体活性的改变。