水稻白叶枯病的发生危害与综合防治技术探讨

水稻白叶枯病近年来在仙居县呈上升流行态势,对水稻高产稳产构成极大威胁。为探索新的耕作栽培条件下水稻白叶枯病的发生流行规律与综合防治对策,笔者系统调查了水稻白叶枯病的发生危害、侵染循环和影响因素,探明了病害再度上升的主要原因,提出了病害防控的对策与综合防治技术。     

黄河三角州啤麦叶枯病发生原因与防治措施

对黄河三角州啤麦叶枯病的病原及其发生规律，危害程度进行了探讨，初步明确影响本地区叶枯病发生流行的气象指标，并在此基础上，提出了该病在本区的综合防治。     

不同农业措施对水稻条纹叶枯病的防治效果

针对大面积种植粳稻造成条纹叶枯病大发生现状,通过试验验证旱育秧和推迟移栽期对条纹叶枯病的防治效果,同时应用抗(耐)病品种,充分运用农业措施去控制条纹叶枯病的发生。     

水稻条纹叶枯病的发生特点与防治对策

近年来,水稻条纹叶枯病在江苏省赣榆县发生逐年加重。调查表明,其暴发流行主要与水稻品种感病程度、水稻育秧方式与移栽时期、耕作制度、飞虱发生量与带毒率,以及农药的使用有关。调查分析了赣榆县水稻条纹叶枯病的发生特点、流行因素,并提出了应通过选用抗病水稻品种、推迟播种期、优化环境、合理用药等措施,对水稻条纹叶枯病进行综合防治。     

鲁西南地区甜叶菊叶枯病发生原因与防治措施

综合分析了5年的研究资料,探讨了鲁西南地区甜叶菊叶枯病的病原及其发生规律。初步明确影响本地区叶枯病发生流行的气象因子,主要有相对湿度、温度、降水量等,并提出了相应综合防治措施。     

2007年灰飞虱发生情况及综防措施

2006年冬季偏暖,灰飞虱发生早发生数量大,农场感病品种面积大,受条纹叶枯病的威胁大,我们采用统防统治,以农业防治为前提,化学防治为保障,有效地控制了灰飞虱的发生基数,减轻了条纹叶枯病的为害.     

不同药剂防治水稻秧田灰飞虱试验

近年来,我区灰飞虱连年大发生,导致水稻条纹叶枯病大流行,使水稻产量损失严重,对水稻生产构成了严重威胁。为了筛选防治灰飞虱的理想药剂和配方,遏制灰飞虱连年重发的势头,控制水稻条纹叶枯病的发生危害,完善条纹叶枯病的防治技术,为大面积推广应用提供依据。2005年,我们对防治     

小麦交链孢叶枯病研究进展

本文综述了国内外对小麦交链孢叶枯病的分布、为害、症状、病原、发生规律、品种抗病机制和综合防治等方面的研究进展。在黄淮流域,交链孢叶枯病对小麦生产构成潜在威胁,应引起重视。     

寒地水稻白叶枯病发生特点与综合防控技术

水稻白叶枯病作为黑龙江省植物检疫对象,2004年在桦南县首次被发现并迅速扩展蔓延,严重威胁着全县及周边地区的水稻生产安全.通过对水稻白叶枯病的发病症状、传播途径、影响因素和发生危害特点等的调查研究,从做好植物检疫、选用抗病品种、实行轮作制度、加强水肥管理、抓好药剂防治等方面提出了寒地水稻白叶枯病综合防控技术.     

射阳县水稻条纹叶枯病的防治策略浅析

2004~2005年,射阳县种植2.66万hm2左右条纹叶枯病感病品种武育粳3号,面对水稻条纹叶枯病的大流行,该县通过完善耕作制度、改变栽培方式、加强田间管理、注重杂草防除、全程药控和统防统治等综合措施,有效地抑制了灰飞虱的发生危害,使大面积水稻条纹叶枯病的发病株率总体控制在1%以下。     

豫北优质大豆产业发展策略

针对豫北地区的大豆生产现状，从气候、土壤、品种、生态因素及市场需求等方面提出了优质大豆的发展策略与途径。     

Comparisons of methods of scheduling irrigations of potatoes

Irrigation of Netted Gem potatoes was scheduled during three growing seasons by three methods: (a) when plants displayed first visual symptoms of moisture stress, (b) when indicated by a soil moisture budget involving estimated evapotranspiration, and (c) on the basis of tensiometer readings of soil moisture suction. When the tensiometer method of scheduling was used, the mean yields of tubers were 55.0 and 25.8 cwt/acre (6160 and 2890 kg/ha) higher than those obtained with the other two scheduling methods. Methods did not affect the specific gravity of potatoes. Method (a) scheduled irrigations least frequently. Scheduling by the budget method was not always adequate because it was based on the assumption that the crop extracted water from a constant 4 ft (1.2 m) profile from planting to full vegetative growth. In one year the budget method scheduled the first irrigation earlier than necessary and delayed the second irrigation during a critical period of crop growth. From full vegetative cover to harvest the irrigation schedules were alike for both the budget and tensiometer methods.     

吉林省平安农业科学院大豆所大豆研究工作报告

1　吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究工作简介吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究所 ,设在吉林省长春市西安大路种子大厦内。现有科技人员 6人 ,其中研究员 2人 ,农艺师 2人 ,技术员 2人 ,定向培养研究生 2人。大豆研究所的主要任务是选育稳产、高产、优质及抗病虫大豆新品种 ;同时密切     

湖南沅陵4种绿茶品质成分分析

以长沙县高桥相同嫩度茶鲜叶原料采用卷曲形毛尖茶加工工艺制绿茶为对照,分别对沅陵县齐眉翠峰、凤娇碣滩茶、干发茶和军大坪茶4种绿茶的主要生化成分与感官品质进行初步分析。结果表明,沅陵4种绿茶的茶多酚总量28.76%~30.34%,游离氨基酸总量2.35%~3.22%,咖啡碱含量3.00%~3.63%,水浸出物含量37.26%~40.07%,可溶性糖总量5.46%~5.65%,可溶性蛋白含量1.50%~1.74%,类黄酮化合物总量1.16%~1.79%,叶绿素总量1.36%~2.01%,儿茶素总量13.53%~16.20%。与对照相比,4种绿茶的茶多酚、可溶性糖和儿茶素总量均高于对照,除齐眉翠峰外其余3种茶样水浸出物和叶绿素总量均高于对照,除干发茶外其余3种茶样类黄酮化合物总量均高于对照。     

Analysis of nutritional components of eight famine foods of the Republic of Niger

In the western Sahel, indigenous plants become important staples when cereal harvests are inadequate to support populations inhabiting that region of Africa. The purpose of this study was to assess the nutrient content of several of these edible wild plants. The leaves of the following seven plant foods were analyzed: Ziziphus mauritiana, Cerathotheca sesamoides, Moringa oleifera, Leptadenia hastata, Hibiscus sabdarifa, Amaranthus viridi, and Adansonia digitata. The fatty acid, vitamin E, carotenoid, selected mineral and amino acid contents of these plant foods were determined. These same analyses were performed on the fruit of the Adansonia digitata. In quantitative and qualitative terms, Amaranthus viridis was found to be an excellent source of protein. Its amino acid composition compared favorably to that of a World Health Organization (WHO) protein standard. It also contained considerable amounts of the two fatty acids that are essential in humans (linoleic and -linolenic) and a number of minerals including iron, magnesium, calcium and zinc. The leaves of Hibiscus sabdarifa contained an appreciable quantity of protein the composition of which was comparable to the WHO standard. The mineral content of the leaves of this plant was also exceptionally high; noteworthy was its high zinc content. H. sabdarifa also contained significant quantities of the two essential fatty acids. Ziziphus mauritiana was an excellent source of the essential fatty acid linoleic acid and several of the metals including iron, calcium, magnesium and zinc. Its content of other essential nutrients, however, was rather low. In general, Adansonia digitata leaves were nutritionally superior to the fruit of the tree; however, the fruit did contain useful quantities of potassium, phosphorus, zinc and -linolenic acid. The Leptadenia hastata leaves were an especially good source of lutein and -carotene. These data should be useful to the people who inhabit the western Sahel in helping them devise healthy diets during times when cereal staples are in short supply.     

防治水稻潜叶蝇的药剂筛选

通过对防治水稻潜叶蝇不同药剂、不同用量的田间对比试验,结果表明,32 g/kg的35%丁硫克百威拌种预防潜叶蝇效果最好,药效可达55 d以上,适宜在生产上推广应用。     

狗牙根诱变后代抗寒性评价

通过电解质外渗法和匍匐茎恢复试验对‘阳江’狗牙根及其12个通过形态鉴定选出的坪用价值高且花序密度低的诱变后代进行抗寒性鉴定。电解质外渗法结果表明:诱变后代间的抗寒性具有较大差异,其叶片半致死温度(LT₅₀)的变异范围为-7.6～-0.2℃(最低值与最大值相差7.4℃);参试材料抗寒性由强到弱依次为M18>M4>M26>M28> M22>阳江>M29>M31>M10>M37>M16>M1>M25,其中,有5个诱变后代抗寒性优于亲本,分别是M18、M4、M26、M28、M22。匍匐茎恢复实验结果表明:诱变后代M1、M22、M26、M31、M25在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫后的恢复生长率都高于亲本,恢复能力均优于亲本;M10、M37、M28在-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长能力低于亲本,抗寒性相对较弱,M16和M4在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长率都低于亲本,抗寒性明显弱于亲本。综合2种方法鉴定结果显示:诱变后代M1、M25的恢复能力较强;M4、M28的叶片抗寒性较好,青绿期较长;M22、M18、M26的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较强;M29,M31的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力与亲本相似;M10、M16、M37的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较弱,整体抗寒性较弱。     

12份白花泡桐材料亲缘关系的ISSR分析

以‘福桐’、‘绿桐’2个无性系与10个不同种源的白花泡桐个体为研究对象，采用ISSR分子标记对12份白花泡桐材料的亲缘关系进行研究，并利用DPSv3.01进行聚类分析。结果表明：10条引物共扩增出66条条带，其中有37条多态带，多态性比例为56.1%。根据ISSR聚类分析结果，在遗传距离为0.35时，12份白花泡桐材料可分为5类，第1类为‘福桐’无性系与河南、河北种源个体；第2类为‘绿桐’无性系与湖南、湖北、江苏种源个体；第3类为浙江、广东种源个体；第4类为江西、福建种源个体；第5类为广西种源个体。此结果     

龙眼种质资源果实经济性状的稳定性评价

为了探讨龙眼(Dimocarpus longan Lour.)种质果实性状的稳定性,连续3a对40份不同基因型龙眼种质果实数量性状的年际间表现进行测定比较。结果表明,在气候条件差异较大的不同年份,单果重、果皮重、果肉重、种子重、果皮厚、可食率、可溶性固形含量等果实性状均表现丰富的多样性,并存在年际间的显著或极显著水平差异,气候条件对果实数量性状有显著影响;不同性状的稳定性有差异,其中可食率的稳定性最高,其次是可溶性固形物含量。通过聚类分析,可将40份龙眼种质按果实性状稳定性分成7类。