喷特乳油防除大豆田杂草马唐效果试验

2001-2002年应用研究表明，4%喷特乳油可有效防除大豆田难治杂草马唐，防除效果达90％以上。还可兼防稗草、狗尾草、野黍等禾本科杂草，对大豆没有药害，并有明显的增产效果。     

连作大豆田苗前防除恶性杂草除草剂筛选

针对北方连作大豆田恶性杂草难防治这一生产实际问题,采用田间试验选择了5种除草剂进行复配组合筛选,试验结果显示,3个供试组合对大豆基本安全,对大豆田稗草、苍耳、问荆、鸭趾草和藜均有很好的防效,15 d株防效在70.2%~81.7%,30 d株防效在69.5%~78.7%,30 d鲜重防效在60.6%~71.3%,也有一定的增产效果,增产幅度为7.%~11.2%。总体看对恶性杂草防效、增产效果及投入产出比,效果顺序为处理1(48%异噁草松+96%金都尔80+80%阔草清)处理2(48%异噁草松+72%异丙草胺+80%阔草清)处理3(48%异噁草松+90%乙草胺140+80%阔草清)处理4当地农民常用的三元复配制剂(75%噻吩磺隆4.4+72%2,4-D丁酯44+99%乙草胺249),即供试的3个组合总体上要好于对照组合。     

大豆田土壤封闭处理除草试验报告

选用7种除草剂，采用大区对比法设计，于大豆播后苗前进行土壤封闭处理。结果表明，应用广乙合剂、乙草胺可以有效防除田间稗草，对阔叶杂草也有较好的防除效果，豆施乐和灭草特对阔叶杂草防效较好，但对稗草的防除效果不够理想。     

阔草清（Flumetsulam）防除大豆田杂草的研究

阔草清（Ｆｌｕｍｅｔｓｕｌａｍ）是美国陶氏益农公司新近研制的一种磺酰受类除草剂。经３年试验证实，该除草剂用一大豆田，进行播后苗前土壤处理，可防除多种阔叶草杂，对大豆安全。该除草剂可与乙草胺或杜耳混用，兼治禾本草与阔叶草。适宜用药量为单用８０％阔草清５６－７５ｇ／ｈａ，混用上述剂量加５０％乙草胺２．５－３Ｌｈａ，或加７２％杜耳２Ｌ／ｈａ。     

烯草酮乳油防除大豆田一年生禾本科杂草效果试验

2003 2004年应用研究表明,24%烯草酮乳油可有效防除大豆田苗后一年生禾本科杂草,防除效果达90%以上,药效迅速,对大豆没有药害,并有明显的增产效果。     

窄行平播密植大豆除草剂应用研究

经1998、1999两年试验，在大豆播后苗前喷施不同除草剂进行封闭灭草，除草最好的组合是乙草胺＋宝收，乙草胺＋豆磺隆，两个处理防效分别达到83．7％和55．4％。另外，在抑制杂草发生的同时各处理对大豆均有不同程度的增产效果，增产幅度在1．6％－11．3％。     

禾耐斯防除春花生田杂草效果初探

禾耐斯防除春花生田杂草效果初探鲍林岐李建德孙洪玉彭丽丽（即墨市第一职业中专，２６６２００）近几年来，我市应用乙草胺防治花生田杂草效果显著。但随着使用时间的延长，效果有下降趋势。尤其对一些双子叶杂草防效相对更差。为了提高花生田的除草效果，我们引进禾耐...     

华南地区大豆田杂草种子库特征与化学防除的研究

针对华南地区大豆田杂草防除问题,采用种子库诱萌法和田间药效试验法,研究田间杂草种子库的预测方法,筛选最佳化学防除方案.结果表明:杂草种子库共有杂草7科10属,主要分布在0～ 10 cm的土层,总出草量为6 861株·m-2.田间实际出草种类为6科9属,实际出草量平均为208株·m-2,占土壤杂草种子库总量的3.03％;6种除草剂都具有良好的防除效果,其中7.5％禾阔灵乳油的防除效果最佳,能有效防除禾本科杂草、莎草科杂草以及阔叶杂草,药后45 d鲜重防效仍达到70.7％～72.4％,可使大豆增产20.5％～ 34.5％.     

草甘膦防除棉田杂草经济效益评价

草甘膦防除棉田杂草经济效益评价郭先华江西德安县农牧局３３０４００棉花生长前期，常受到杂草为害，人工除草不仅费工费力且效果差，盖草能、乙草胺除草剂对双子叶杂草几乎无效，为了探索防除棉田杂草的有效途径，于１９９４年开展了用草甘膦除草剂防除棉田杂草试验示范...     

除草药膜防除花生田杂草及其残留的研究

１９９８～１９９９ 年，于３ 市６ 个基点对乙草胺除草药膜和乙草胺＋ 扑草净除草药膜进行防除花生田杂草试验。研究证明，两种除草药膜防除禾本科杂草的效果分别为９７７％ 和９７９％ ；防除阔叶杂草的效果分别为７２９％ 和７９９％ ；杂草鲜重较对照分别降低８７０％ 和８７３％ ，均优于地面喷乙草胺再覆普通膜（不带药）的除草效果。覆膜５０ 天，其于土壤和植株中的残留量乙草胺除草药膜比地面喷乙草胺再覆普通膜分别降低了０１８ｍ ｇ／ｋｇ 和００５６ｍ ｇ／ｋｇ。     

豫北优质大豆产业发展策略

针对豫北地区的大豆生产现状，从气候、土壤、品种、生态因素及市场需求等方面提出了优质大豆的发展策略与途径。     

Comparisons of methods of scheduling irrigations of potatoes

Irrigation of Netted Gem potatoes was scheduled during three growing seasons by three methods: (a) when plants displayed first visual symptoms of moisture stress, (b) when indicated by a soil moisture budget involving estimated evapotranspiration, and (c) on the basis of tensiometer readings of soil moisture suction. When the tensiometer method of scheduling was used, the mean yields of tubers were 55.0 and 25.8 cwt/acre (6160 and 2890 kg/ha) higher than those obtained with the other two scheduling methods. Methods did not affect the specific gravity of potatoes. Method (a) scheduled irrigations least frequently. Scheduling by the budget method was not always adequate because it was based on the assumption that the crop extracted water from a constant 4 ft (1.2 m) profile from planting to full vegetative growth. In one year the budget method scheduled the first irrigation earlier than necessary and delayed the second irrigation during a critical period of crop growth. From full vegetative cover to harvest the irrigation schedules were alike for both the budget and tensiometer methods.     

吉林省平安农业科学院大豆所大豆研究工作报告

1　吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究工作简介吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究所 ,设在吉林省长春市西安大路种子大厦内。现有科技人员 6人 ,其中研究员 2人 ,农艺师 2人 ,技术员 2人 ,定向培养研究生 2人。大豆研究所的主要任务是选育稳产、高产、优质及抗病虫大豆新品种 ;同时密切     

湖南沅陵4种绿茶品质成分分析

以长沙县高桥相同嫩度茶鲜叶原料采用卷曲形毛尖茶加工工艺制绿茶为对照,分别对沅陵县齐眉翠峰、凤娇碣滩茶、干发茶和军大坪茶4种绿茶的主要生化成分与感官品质进行初步分析。结果表明,沅陵4种绿茶的茶多酚总量28.76%~30.34%,游离氨基酸总量2.35%~3.22%,咖啡碱含量3.00%~3.63%,水浸出物含量37.26%~40.07%,可溶性糖总量5.46%~5.65%,可溶性蛋白含量1.50%~1.74%,类黄酮化合物总量1.16%~1.79%,叶绿素总量1.36%~2.01%,儿茶素总量13.53%~16.20%。与对照相比,4种绿茶的茶多酚、可溶性糖和儿茶素总量均高于对照,除齐眉翠峰外其余3种茶样水浸出物和叶绿素总量均高于对照,除干发茶外其余3种茶样类黄酮化合物总量均高于对照。     

Analysis of nutritional components of eight famine foods of the Republic of Niger

In the western Sahel, indigenous plants become important staples when cereal harvests are inadequate to support populations inhabiting that region of Africa. The purpose of this study was to assess the nutrient content of several of these edible wild plants. The leaves of the following seven plant foods were analyzed: Ziziphus mauritiana, Cerathotheca sesamoides, Moringa oleifera, Leptadenia hastata, Hibiscus sabdarifa, Amaranthus viridi, and Adansonia digitata. The fatty acid, vitamin E, carotenoid, selected mineral and amino acid contents of these plant foods were determined. These same analyses were performed on the fruit of the Adansonia digitata. In quantitative and qualitative terms, Amaranthus viridis was found to be an excellent source of protein. Its amino acid composition compared favorably to that of a World Health Organization (WHO) protein standard. It also contained considerable amounts of the two fatty acids that are essential in humans (linoleic and -linolenic) and a number of minerals including iron, magnesium, calcium and zinc. The leaves of Hibiscus sabdarifa contained an appreciable quantity of protein the composition of which was comparable to the WHO standard. The mineral content of the leaves of this plant was also exceptionally high; noteworthy was its high zinc content. H. sabdarifa also contained significant quantities of the two essential fatty acids. Ziziphus mauritiana was an excellent source of the essential fatty acid linoleic acid and several of the metals including iron, calcium, magnesium and zinc. Its content of other essential nutrients, however, was rather low. In general, Adansonia digitata leaves were nutritionally superior to the fruit of the tree; however, the fruit did contain useful quantities of potassium, phosphorus, zinc and -linolenic acid. The Leptadenia hastata leaves were an especially good source of lutein and -carotene. These data should be useful to the people who inhabit the western Sahel in helping them devise healthy diets during times when cereal staples are in short supply.     

防治水稻潜叶蝇的药剂筛选

通过对防治水稻潜叶蝇不同药剂、不同用量的田间对比试验,结果表明,32 g/kg的35%丁硫克百威拌种预防潜叶蝇效果最好,药效可达55 d以上,适宜在生产上推广应用。     

狗牙根诱变后代抗寒性评价

通过电解质外渗法和匍匐茎恢复试验对‘阳江’狗牙根及其12个通过形态鉴定选出的坪用价值高且花序密度低的诱变后代进行抗寒性鉴定。电解质外渗法结果表明:诱变后代间的抗寒性具有较大差异,其叶片半致死温度(LT₅₀)的变异范围为-7.6～-0.2℃(最低值与最大值相差7.4℃);参试材料抗寒性由强到弱依次为M18>M4>M26>M28> M22>阳江>M29>M31>M10>M37>M16>M1>M25,其中,有5个诱变后代抗寒性优于亲本,分别是M18、M4、M26、M28、M22。匍匐茎恢复实验结果表明:诱变后代M1、M22、M26、M31、M25在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫后的恢复生长率都高于亲本,恢复能力均优于亲本;M10、M37、M28在-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长能力低于亲本,抗寒性相对较弱,M16和M4在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长率都低于亲本,抗寒性明显弱于亲本。综合2种方法鉴定结果显示:诱变后代M1、M25的恢复能力较强;M4、M28的叶片抗寒性较好,青绿期较长;M22、M18、M26的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较强;M29,M31的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力与亲本相似;M10、M16、M37的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较弱,整体抗寒性较弱。     

芦笋枯萎病病原鉴定

对造成福建省漳州市东山县的芦笋枯萎病病原菌进行分子鉴定,以期确定病原菌的属、种名,为防治该病害寻求理论依据。试验对分离纯化的病原菌核糖体DNA的ITS区进行测序,在Genbank中搜索其同源性并构建它们的系统发育树,结果表明：引起芦笋枯萎病的病原菌是镰刀属中的尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum),且病原菌之间的同源性高达89%,遗传差异不显著。