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华大麦8号是湖北省2009年8月审定命名的高蛋白优质饲用大麦新品种(审定编号:鄂审麦2009007),两年区域试验平均产量390.35 kg/667 m^2,比湖北对照品种鄂大麦9号增产8.01%,籽粒蛋白质含量15.8%,主要品质指标超过国家优质饲用大麦标准,且表现为早熟、多抗。本文报道了该品种的选育经过、特征特性及其栽培要点,讨论了该品种的应用前景。 相似文献
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啤酒大麦与饲用大麦籽粒结构和淀粉粒的比较研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为了探索大麦籽粒结构和淀粉粒与其用途的关系,利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和差示扫描量热分析仪(DSC)对啤酒大麦(港啤1号和扬农啤2号)与饲用大麦(扬饲麦1号)的籽粒结构和淀粉粒进行了比较研究。结果表明,3个品种表现相似的胚乳结构,但啤酒大麦的淀粉粒与蛋白质结合不紧密,饲用大麦的淀粉粒和蛋白质结合较紧密,且饲用大麦的蛋白质基质含量高于啤酒大麦。采用碱处理和差速沉淀法分离了籽粒胚乳大、中、小淀粉粒,虽然品种间淀粉粒的形态无明显差别,但大、中、小淀粉粒的大小和含量差异很大。DSC分析所得参数表明,大淀粉粒糊化时的起始温度(To)、峰值温度(Tp)和终结温度(n)高于相同品种的中、小淀粉粒,且糊化过程所需的热焓(△H)也较高。 相似文献
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针对于凉山州饲料大麦20多年来没有更换新的品种,混杂退化极为严重,为了提高大麦产量和品质,为发展畜牧业提供优质的饲料;同时随着烤烟面积的不断发展,对前作要求更加早熟,为烤烟生产留有充足的季节。我们根据凉山州饲料大麦生态区的自然条件特点,用(盐源大麦×马龙紫芒麦)×川农90-18杂交培育出了大麦新品种西大麦2号。该品种产量9 000 kg/hm2以上,比对照川农90-18早熟3 d,抗叶锈和条纹病能力较强,蛋白质含量14.1%,比对照低11.9%;淀粉含量52.5%,比对照低0.19%;水分含量10.2%,比对照低1.92%。,综合农艺性状优于川农90-18。 相似文献
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为了解江苏二棱大麦表型性状特征及其相关性,以1989年以来江苏省审定/认定的32份二棱大麦品种(系)为材料,在江苏沿海地区对其3个农艺性状(株高、穗长、穗粒数)、7个籽粒性状(粒长、粒宽、粒厚、长宽比、长厚比、宽厚比、千粒重)和6个品质性状(直链淀粉含量、支链淀粉含量、支链淀粉含量/直链淀粉含量、淀粉含量、蛋白质含量和β-葡聚糖含量)进行分析.结果表明,在农艺、籽粒和品质性状中,籽粒性状的变异系数最小,变化范围为3.91%~9.13%;品质性状的变异系数最高,变化范围为8.56%~36.21%.经相关性分析,同类性状间相关性达到显著水平的较多,而不同类别性状间较少;穗长、穗粒数和籽粒长宽比在不同育种阶段的大麦品种(系)间差异显著.通过综合聚类分析,32份大麦品种(系)被分成三类,三类品种(系)间株高、支链淀粉含量、支链淀粉含量/直链淀粉含量、淀粉含量差异显著. 相似文献
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为研究肥料运筹方式对不同用途大麦品种产量和品质的影响,以啤用大麦品种扬农啤7号和饲食兼用大麦品种扬饲麦3号为材料,分析4种肥料运筹方式对大麦籽粒产量和蛋白质含量及麦芽品质的影响。结果表明,在中等偏上肥力的土壤上,扬农啤7号优质高产施肥方式为基施尿素150 kg·hm-2+复合肥375 kg·hm-2,苗肥施尿素75 kg·hm-2,拔节肥施尿素75 kg·hm-2+复合肥225 kg·hm-2,其产量水平在7 500 kg·hm-2左右;主要啤酒麦芽品质接近国标二级,可适当减少氮肥用量及提前施用拔节肥改善扬农啤7号籽粒的麦芽品质。无论哪种肥料运筹方式,扬饲麦3号的麦芽品质指标均达不到国家二级麦芽标准,该品种不适宜作为啤酒大麦原料种植,宜作优质高产饲食大麦种植,其较佳肥料运筹方式为基施尿素75 kg·hm-2+复合肥750 kg·hm-2,拔节肥施尿素112.5 kg·hm-2+复合肥375 kg·hm-2,其产量水平在8 000 kg·hm-2左右,籽粒蛋白质含量在14.0%左右。 相似文献
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在发展啤酒大麦的工作中,既要求高产,同时须重视好的品质,即要求大麦符合酿造优质啤酒的工艺需要。在对啤酒大麦的品质要求方面,蛋白质含量高低是一重要的理化指标,即要求大麦籽粒蛋白质含量以较低(9—12%)为佳。就影响大麦籽粒蛋白质含量的因素而言,据观察和前人研究系受多种因素影响而关系复杂:共内因为多基因控制的数量遗传性状;其外因为各种环境因素的影响。在生产实践中常采用高产栽培技术提高产量及选用高产品种,但这对大麦籽 相似文献
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在对大麦的研究开发工作中,对其不同用途的选择是以品质的测定结果为重要依据的,比如:通过对大麦籽粒蛋白质及淀粉含量测定可初步确定其适合作啤酒大麦或饲用。此外,选定一个啤酒大麦还需考虑其它有关的理化指标和籽粒有关的农艺性状如:千粒重、粒形、粒色等等。随着啤酒工业和 相似文献
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针对豫北地区的大豆生产现状,从气候、土壤、品种、生态因素及市场需求等方面提出了优质大豆的发展策略与途径。 相似文献
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Irrigation of Netted Gem potatoes was scheduled during three growing seasons by three methods: (a) when plants displayed first visual symptoms of moisture stress, (b) when indicated by a soil moisture budget involving estimated evapotranspiration, and (c) on the basis of tensiometer readings of soil moisture suction. When the tensiometer method of scheduling was used, the mean yields of tubers were 55.0 and 25.8 cwt/acre (6160 and 2890 kg/ha) higher than those obtained with the other two scheduling methods. Methods did not affect the specific gravity of potatoes. Method (a) scheduled irrigations least frequently. Scheduling by the budget method was not always adequate because it was based on the assumption that the crop extracted water from a constant 4 ft (1.2 m) profile from planting to full vegetative growth. In one year the budget method scheduled the first irrigation earlier than necessary and delayed the second irrigation during a critical period of crop growth. From full vegetative cover to harvest the irrigation schedules were alike for both the budget and tensiometer methods. 相似文献
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以长沙县高桥相同嫩度茶鲜叶原料采用卷曲形毛尖茶加工工艺制绿茶为对照,分别对沅陵县齐眉翠峰、凤娇碣滩茶、干发茶和军大坪茶4种绿茶的主要生化成分与感官品质进行初步分析。结果表明,沅陵4种绿茶的茶多酚总量28.76%~30.34%,游离氨基酸总量2.35%~3.22%,咖啡碱含量3.00%~3.63%,水浸出物含量37.26%~40.07%,可溶性糖总量5.46%~5.65%,可溶性蛋白含量1.50%~1.74%,类黄酮化合物总量1.16%~1.79%,叶绿素总量1.36%~2.01%,儿茶素总量13.53%~16.20%。与对照相比,4种绿茶的茶多酚、可溶性糖和儿茶素总量均高于对照,除齐眉翠峰外其余3种茶样水浸出物和叶绿素总量均高于对照,除干发茶外其余3种茶样类黄酮化合物总量均高于对照。 相似文献
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1 吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究工作简介吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究所 ,设在吉林省长春市西安大路种子大厦内。现有科技人员 6人 ,其中研究员 2人 ,农艺师 2人 ,技术员 2人 ,定向培养研究生 2人。大豆研究所的主要任务是选育稳产、高产、优质及抗病虫大豆新品种 ;同时密切 相似文献
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Sena L.P. VanderJagt D.J. Rivera C. Tsin A.T.C. Muhamadu I. Mahamadou O. Millson M. Pastuszyn A. Glew R.H. 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1998,52(1):17-30
In the western Sahel, indigenous plants become important staples when cereal harvests are inadequate to support populations inhabiting that region of Africa. The purpose of this study was to assess the nutrient content of several of these edible wild plants. The leaves of the following seven plant foods were analyzed: Ziziphus mauritiana, Cerathotheca sesamoides, Moringa oleifera, Leptadenia hastata, Hibiscus sabdarifa, Amaranthus viridi, and Adansonia digitata. The fatty acid, vitamin E, carotenoid, selected mineral and amino acid contents of these plant foods were determined. These same analyses were performed on the fruit of the Adansonia digitata. In quantitative and qualitative terms, Amaranthus viridis was found to be an excellent source of protein. Its amino acid composition compared favorably to that of a World Health Organization (WHO) protein standard. It also contained considerable amounts of the two fatty acids that are essential in humans (linoleic and -linolenic) and a number of minerals including iron, magnesium, calcium and zinc. The leaves of Hibiscus sabdarifa contained an appreciable quantity of protein the composition of which was comparable to the WHO standard. The mineral content of the leaves of this plant was also exceptionally high; noteworthy was its high zinc content. H. sabdarifa also contained significant quantities of the two essential fatty acids. Ziziphus mauritiana was an excellent source of the essential fatty acid linoleic acid and several of the metals including iron, calcium, magnesium and zinc. Its content of other essential nutrients, however, was rather low. In general, Adansonia digitata leaves were nutritionally superior to the fruit of the tree; however, the fruit did contain useful quantities of potassium, phosphorus, zinc and -linolenic acid. The Leptadenia hastata leaves were an especially good source of lutein and -carotene. These data should be useful to the people who inhabit the western Sahel in helping them devise healthy diets during times when cereal staples are in short supply. 相似文献
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通过电解质外渗法和匍匐茎恢复试验对‘阳江’狗牙根及其12个通过形态鉴定选出的坪用价值高且花序密度低的诱变后代进行抗寒性鉴定。电解质外渗法结果表明:诱变后代间的抗寒性具有较大差异,其叶片半致死温度(LT50)的变异范围为-7.6~-0.2℃(最低值与最大值相差7.4℃);参试材料抗寒性由强到弱依次为M18>M4>M26>M28> M22>阳江>M29>M31>M10>M37>M16>M1>M25,其中,有5个诱变后代抗寒性优于亲本,分别是M18、M4、M26、M28、M22。匍匐茎恢复实验结果表明:诱变后代M1、M22、M26、M31、M25在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫后的恢复生长率都高于亲本,恢复能力均优于亲本;M10、M37、M28在-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长能力低于亲本,抗寒性相对较弱,M16和M4在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长率都低于亲本,抗寒性明显弱于亲本。综合2种方法鉴定结果显示:诱变后代M1、M25的恢复能力较强;M4、M28的叶片抗寒性较好,青绿期较长;M22、M18、M26的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较强;M29,M31的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力与亲本相似;M10、M16、M37的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较弱,整体抗寒性较弱。 相似文献
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