盘锦稻区主栽品种品质分析及改良探讨

5个盘锦稻区主栽品种为试材,选用日本优质粳稻品种作为对照,测定其主要稻米品质指标,揭示盘锦稻区主栽品种品质现状,并通过对比日本优质粳稻及部颁优质米标准,探讨本地区优质米改良方向。结果表明:与日本品种相比,盘锦稻区主栽品种加工品质优于日本品种;垩白性状劣于日本品种;营养食味品质不如日本品种;对应于优质米标准,盘锦稻区品质改良应主要集中于垩白性状及营养食味品质性状。     

吉林省优质水稻品质现状

针对吉林稻区实际情况,对吉林省优质米品质现状进行了剖析评价,同时对"十二五"优质米育种目标提出具体要求,即优质与高产要统一,优质要与抗病相结合,优质要兼顾耐冷性状。通过这一系列研究,旨在明确吉林稻区优质米育种具体目标,进而提高吉林稻区稻农种稻的比较效益。     

盘锦稻区水田杂草种类及优势度情况

采用随机调查方法,于2016年至2018年对盘锦稻区水田杂草种类进行调查,共调查17科共36种杂草,其中稗草、稻稗、扁秆藨草、藨草、水绵、野慈姑等10种杂草为盘锦稻区主要杂草种类,发生总量占杂草总量的88.77%。禾本科、莎草科、阔叶类杂草及水绵仍是盘锦稻区近三年来造成水稻产量损失的草害性杂草。     

滨海稻区稻作技术的发展与展望

以盘锦滨海盐碱稻区水稻生产发展为主线,介绍了盐碱地改良、水稻品种更新、栽培技术改进等方面的发展历程与水稻高标准条田建设、耐盐高产优质水稻品种推广及与品种配套的水稻精确定量栽培、水稻机械化栽培、水稻病虫草害综合防治等技术应用方面所取得的成就。阐明了发展集约型稻作、环保安全型稻作、复合型稻作是提高水稻产量与经济效益、增加农民收入、确保粮食安全、满足人们物质生活需求的有效措施。     

水稻高产创建百亩核心区生产技术规范

按照无公害水稻生产的相关标准,结合国家水稻高产创建项目的有关要求及盘锦稻区的水稻生产现状,从品种选择、本田整地、育苗、移栽、施肥、灌水、病虫草害防治、收获等方面提出了盘锦稻区水稻高产创建百亩核心区的生产技术措施。     

盘锦北方滨海盐碱稻区稻瘟病防控技术

针对近年来盘锦北方滨海盐碱稻区水稻稻瘟病发生趋势加重的实际,介绍了盘锦北方滨海盐碱稻区水稻稻瘟病的发病症状、发生特点及发生原因,并提出通过选用抗病品种、加强栽培管理、合理施用肥料、处理越冬病源、进行种子消毒处理及科学开展药剂防治等措施对其进行防治.     

植物保护研究室

<正>辽宁省盐碱地利用研究所植保研究室是盘锦稻区植保研究的重要单位,一直致力于盘锦及周边稻区的水稻病虫草鼠害的研究与防治工作。全室现有研究人员8人,其中硕士学位3人,副研究员2人,助理研究员4人,研究实习员2人。建室数十年中,植保室紧跟植保潮流,掌握国内外植保动态,始终站在植保前沿开展具有前瞻性的研究。同时既针对盘锦稻区     

植物保护研究室

辽宁省盐碱地利用研究所植保研究室是盘锦稻区植保研究的重要单位，一直致力于盘锦及周边稻区的水稻病虫草鼠害的研究与防治工作。全室现有研究人员8人，其中硕士学位3人，副研究员2人，助理研究员4人，研究实习员2人。     

盘锦稻区水田杂草演变与化学除草新体系

<正> 一、稻区水田杂草的演变盘锦稻区位于辽宁省中南部,辽河平原南端,海拔为2.5—3.6米,是一个退海广阔平原。土壤为盐化草甸土,盐分组成以氯化物和硫酸盐为主,表层土含盐量为0.1—0.6％之间。解放后由于大面积开发种植水稻,使土壤含盐量逐年下降,形成     

盘锦稻区农业气候资源分析评价与合理利用

本文分析了盘锦稻区的农业气候资源,提出了水稻生产中农时活动选择的农业气候依据,安全生育日 数的界定,以及种植水稻品种的科学选择原则。并指出,盘锦稻区种植水稻品种生育期选择在155-160 d之间较为适宜。     

豫北优质大豆产业发展策略

针对豫北地区的大豆生产现状，从气候、土壤、品种、生态因素及市场需求等方面提出了优质大豆的发展策略与途径。     

Comparisons of methods of scheduling irrigations of potatoes

Irrigation of Netted Gem potatoes was scheduled during three growing seasons by three methods: (a) when plants displayed first visual symptoms of moisture stress, (b) when indicated by a soil moisture budget involving estimated evapotranspiration, and (c) on the basis of tensiometer readings of soil moisture suction. When the tensiometer method of scheduling was used, the mean yields of tubers were 55.0 and 25.8 cwt/acre (6160 and 2890 kg/ha) higher than those obtained with the other two scheduling methods. Methods did not affect the specific gravity of potatoes. Method (a) scheduled irrigations least frequently. Scheduling by the budget method was not always adequate because it was based on the assumption that the crop extracted water from a constant 4 ft (1.2 m) profile from planting to full vegetative growth. In one year the budget method scheduled the first irrigation earlier than necessary and delayed the second irrigation during a critical period of crop growth. From full vegetative cover to harvest the irrigation schedules were alike for both the budget and tensiometer methods.     

湖南沅陵4种绿茶品质成分分析

以长沙县高桥相同嫩度茶鲜叶原料采用卷曲形毛尖茶加工工艺制绿茶为对照,分别对沅陵县齐眉翠峰、凤娇碣滩茶、干发茶和军大坪茶4种绿茶的主要生化成分与感官品质进行初步分析。结果表明,沅陵4种绿茶的茶多酚总量28.76%~30.34%,游离氨基酸总量2.35%~3.22%,咖啡碱含量3.00%~3.63%,水浸出物含量37.26%~40.07%,可溶性糖总量5.46%~5.65%,可溶性蛋白含量1.50%~1.74%,类黄酮化合物总量1.16%~1.79%,叶绿素总量1.36%~2.01%,儿茶素总量13.53%~16.20%。与对照相比,4种绿茶的茶多酚、可溶性糖和儿茶素总量均高于对照,除齐眉翠峰外其余3种茶样水浸出物和叶绿素总量均高于对照,除干发茶外其余3种茶样类黄酮化合物总量均高于对照。     

吉林省平安农业科学院大豆所大豆研究工作报告

1　吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究工作简介吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究所 ,设在吉林省长春市西安大路种子大厦内。现有科技人员 6人 ,其中研究员 2人 ,农艺师 2人 ,技术员 2人 ,定向培养研究生 2人。大豆研究所的主要任务是选育稳产、高产、优质及抗病虫大豆新品种 ;同时密切     

Analysis of nutritional components of eight famine foods of the Republic of Niger

In the western Sahel, indigenous plants become important staples when cereal harvests are inadequate to support populations inhabiting that region of Africa. The purpose of this study was to assess the nutrient content of several of these edible wild plants. The leaves of the following seven plant foods were analyzed: Ziziphus mauritiana, Cerathotheca sesamoides, Moringa oleifera, Leptadenia hastata, Hibiscus sabdarifa, Amaranthus viridi, and Adansonia digitata. The fatty acid, vitamin E, carotenoid, selected mineral and amino acid contents of these plant foods were determined. These same analyses were performed on the fruit of the Adansonia digitata. In quantitative and qualitative terms, Amaranthus viridis was found to be an excellent source of protein. Its amino acid composition compared favorably to that of a World Health Organization (WHO) protein standard. It also contained considerable amounts of the two fatty acids that are essential in humans (linoleic and -linolenic) and a number of minerals including iron, magnesium, calcium and zinc. The leaves of Hibiscus sabdarifa contained an appreciable quantity of protein the composition of which was comparable to the WHO standard. The mineral content of the leaves of this plant was also exceptionally high; noteworthy was its high zinc content. H. sabdarifa also contained significant quantities of the two essential fatty acids. Ziziphus mauritiana was an excellent source of the essential fatty acid linoleic acid and several of the metals including iron, calcium, magnesium and zinc. Its content of other essential nutrients, however, was rather low. In general, Adansonia digitata leaves were nutritionally superior to the fruit of the tree; however, the fruit did contain useful quantities of potassium, phosphorus, zinc and -linolenic acid. The Leptadenia hastata leaves were an especially good source of lutein and -carotene. These data should be useful to the people who inhabit the western Sahel in helping them devise healthy diets during times when cereal staples are in short supply.     

防治水稻潜叶蝇的药剂筛选

通过对防治水稻潜叶蝇不同药剂、不同用量的田间对比试验,结果表明,32 g/kg的35%丁硫克百威拌种预防潜叶蝇效果最好,药效可达55 d以上,适宜在生产上推广应用。     

狗牙根诱变后代抗寒性评价

通过电解质外渗法和匍匐茎恢复试验对‘阳江’狗牙根及其12个通过形态鉴定选出的坪用价值高且花序密度低的诱变后代进行抗寒性鉴定。电解质外渗法结果表明:诱变后代间的抗寒性具有较大差异,其叶片半致死温度(LT₅₀)的变异范围为-7.6～-0.2℃(最低值与最大值相差7.4℃);参试材料抗寒性由强到弱依次为M18>M4>M26>M28> M22>阳江>M29>M31>M10>M37>M16>M1>M25,其中,有5个诱变后代抗寒性优于亲本,分别是M18、M4、M26、M28、M22。匍匐茎恢复实验结果表明:诱变后代M1、M22、M26、M31、M25在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫后的恢复生长率都高于亲本,恢复能力均优于亲本;M10、M37、M28在-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长能力低于亲本,抗寒性相对较弱,M16和M4在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长率都低于亲本,抗寒性明显弱于亲本。综合2种方法鉴定结果显示:诱变后代M1、M25的恢复能力较强;M4、M28的叶片抗寒性较好,青绿期较长;M22、M18、M26的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较强;M29,M31的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力与亲本相似;M10、M16、M37的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较弱,整体抗寒性较弱。     

芦笋枯萎病病原鉴定

对造成福建省漳州市东山县的芦笋枯萎病病原菌进行分子鉴定,以期确定病原菌的属、种名,为防治该病害寻求理论依据。试验对分离纯化的病原菌核糖体DNA的ITS区进行测序,在Genbank中搜索其同源性并构建它们的系统发育树,结果表明：引起芦笋枯萎病的病原菌是镰刀属中的尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum),且病原菌之间的同源性高达89%,遗传差异不显著。