30%茚虫威WG等药剂防治稻纵卷叶螟效果研究

<正>稻纵卷叶螟近年来间隙大发生,后期发生时为害的均是功能叶,影响水稻的灌浆,导致千粒重下降。为筛选出高效、安全的防治药剂,我们进行本试验。1材料与方法1.1试验处理供试药剂为30%茚虫威WG(富田农化提供)、3%顺清WP(苏科农化提供)、2%甲维盐EC(济南科海生提供)和50%稻丰散EC(腾龙集团提供)。试验设处理A:30%茚虫威WG 10 g/     

25％甲氧·茚虫威SC等药剂防治稻纵卷叶螟药效试验

为有效控制稻纵卷叶螟的发生,进行了甲氧·茚虫威等几种药剂田间药效试验.结果表明,采用25％甲氧·茚虫威SC、30％氰氟虫腙·甲氧虫酰肼SC和10％硫虫酰胺SC等,在五(3)代稻纵卷叶螟卵孵高峰期使用,对稻纵卷叶螟均有很好的防治效果,且对水稻安全性均较好,对水稻生长没有影响,可在生产上与其它高效药剂交替使用,提高防效延缓...     

江苏沿海地区防治甜菜夜蛾的药剂筛选试验

2002～2004年的室内外药效暨药剂筛选试验结果表明，24％美满（虫酰肼）SC、0．2％甲氨基阿维菌素苹甲酸盐EC等系列产品、15％安打（茚虫威）SC、75％拉维因（硫双威）WP＋4．5％高效氯氰菊酯EC、30％万福星（灭辛）EC＋2．5％功夫菊酯EC等农药品种和混配剂对甜菜夜蛾的防效均在85％以上，且上述各药剂的安全性能也较好，都可以作为江苏沿海地区防治甜菜夜蛾的首选药剂，在当地生产上推广并且交替使用。     

5种新农药对假眼小绿叶蝉的田间防治效果

假眼小绿叶蝉是我国茶园重要害虫之一,为了寻找有效、安全的防治药剂,在浙江遂昌开展了15%茚虫威EC等5种新农药田间防治试验。结果表明:15%茚虫威EC 50 ml(a.i)/hm2(下同)、24%虫螨腈SC 108ml、22%氯氟氰菊酯.噻虫嗪ZC 66 ml药后1-21 d的防治效果在80%～90%之间,与10%吡虫啉WP 90 g的90%左右相比差异不显著,表明其速效性与持效性均较好;24%氰氟虫腙SC 216 ml药后1-14 d的防效为28.95%～70.62%,极显著低于吡虫啉;25%吡蚜酮WP 150 g均显著低于吡虫啉。5种药剂对茶树及其他生物未见不良影响。生产上可将15%茚虫威EC、22%氯氟氰菊酯.噻虫嗪ZC、24%虫螨腈SC作为该区防治假眼小绿叶蝉的轮换药剂,逐渐替代10%吡虫啉WP。     

不同药剂拌种对花生地下害虫的防治试验

采用药剂拌种,筛选防治花生地下害虫的药剂。结果表明,在花生果实膨大期,三种药剂各处理对花生田地下害虫的防治效果达60％以上,20％氯虫苯甲酰胺SC450g/hm2、22％吡虫·辛硫磷EC6750g／hm2。的防治效果达70％以上,但各处理差异不显著;花生果实收获期,20％氯虫苯甲酰胺SC450g/hm2、22％吡虫·辛硫磷EC6750g/hm2、地鹰20kg种子／100g的防治效果达60％以上。表明20％氯虫苯甲酰胺SC、22％毗虫·辛硫磷EC、地鹰在花生播种时拌种可用来防治地下害虫。     

5种常用杀虫剂对台湾甲腹茧蜂的影响

本研究测定了防治草地贪夜蛾（Spodoptera frugiperda）的常用药剂对台湾甲腹茧蜂（Chelonus formosanus）成虫的室内杀虫活性、蛹的羽化率、处理蛹后羽化成虫寿命和寄生率的影响,为草地贪夜蛾的化学与生物协同防治中药剂的选择提供依据。在室内条件下用药膜法和喷雾法测定200 g/L氯虫苯甲酰胺SC、30%茚虫威EC、5%甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐ME、10%虫螨腈SC和5.7%氯氟氰菊酯EW 5种常用杀虫剂对台湾甲腹茧蜂成蜂的LR₅₀,及其推荐浓度对台湾甲腹茧蜂寄生率、蛹的羽化率及羽化后寿命的影响。结果表明,5种杀虫剂药膜法处理台湾甲腹茧蜂成蜂后,LR₅₀由高到低为氯虫苯甲酰胺>茚虫威>氯氟氰菊酯>虫螨腈>甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐;氯虫苯甲酰胺对台湾甲腹茧蜂成蜂风险系数HQ=1.55,有较高风险,其余药剂风险系数均<1,风险较低。喷雾处理蜂蛹后,甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐80 mg/L处理对羽化率无显著影响;虫螨腈1000 mg/L处理的羽化率最低（63.33%）;氯虫苯甲酰胺60 mg/L处理显著降低蜂蛹羽化后成虫寿命,茚虫威180 mg/L、甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐80、90 mg/L处理无显著影响。茚虫威180 mg/L和虫螨腈1000 mg/L处理下成蜂的寄生率分别下降5.50%和4.98%,影响较小。综上所述,5%甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐ME在配合台湾甲腹茧蜂对草地贪夜蛾进行综合防治具有应用潜力,30%茚虫威EC及10%虫螨腈SC在适当的剂量下仍需完善应用规范,避免过量使用。     

奇农素与15%茚虫威混用防治棉铃虫试验初探

2011-2012年,在147团棉田进行奇农素和新型杀棉铃虫剂15%茚虫威混配防治棉铃虫试验,结果表明奇农素和茚虫威混配使用可提高防效,在蕾铃期使用防治棉铃虫效果明显;同时还可以促进棉花生长,提高产量和品质。     

44%氯氟·毒死蜱水乳剂防治棉田4代棉铃虫效果

为有效防治棉花4代棉铃虫,采用44%氯氟·毒死蜱水乳剂、2.5%高效氯氟氰菊酯EC、40%毒死蜱EC 3种药剂进行田间试验。结果表明,44%氯氟·毒死蜱水乳剂148.5、198g·hm-2用药1次7d后防效达80.61%、83.32%,显著优于其他药剂处理。建议生产上使用44%氯氟·毒死蜱水乳剂防治4代棉铃虫,应掌握在棉田棉铃虫卵孵高峰期用药,其推荐使用剂量为148.5~198g·hm-2。     

不同药剂防治单季晚稻稻纵卷叶螟的效果分析

为筛选对稻纵卷叶螟具有较好防效的生物药剂和化学药剂,在晚稻分蘖末期,开展了防治五(3)代稻纵卷叶螟低龄幼虫的田间试验。结果表明,甲维·氟酰胺ME、PLB+TCP、15%茚虫威EC和10%四氯虫酰胺SC等化学药剂交替使用对稻纵卷叶螟的防治效果较好,生物药剂20亿PIB/m L甘蓝夜蛾核型多角体病毒防效好,可推广。     

5%阿维菌素·高效氯氟氰菊酯水乳剂防治棉田4代棉铃虫效果

为有效防治棉花4代棉铃虫,采用5%阿维菌素·高效氯氟氰菊酯水乳剂、1%阿维菌素乳油、2.5%高效氯氟氰菊酯乳油3种药剂进行田间试验。结果表明,5%阿维菌素·高效氯氟氰菊酯水乳剂15、30g·hm-2用药1次7d后防效达77.23%、80.35%,显著优于其他药剂处理。建议生产上使用5%阿维菌素·高效氯氟氰菊酯水乳剂防治4代棉铃虫,中等偏重发生年份,应掌握在棉花棉铃虫卵孵高峰期用药,其推荐使用剂量为15~30g·hm-2。     

豫北优质大豆产业发展策略

针对豫北地区的大豆生产现状，从气候、土壤、品种、生态因素及市场需求等方面提出了优质大豆的发展策略与途径。     

Comparisons of methods of scheduling irrigations of potatoes

Irrigation of Netted Gem potatoes was scheduled during three growing seasons by three methods: (a) when plants displayed first visual symptoms of moisture stress, (b) when indicated by a soil moisture budget involving estimated evapotranspiration, and (c) on the basis of tensiometer readings of soil moisture suction. When the tensiometer method of scheduling was used, the mean yields of tubers were 55.0 and 25.8 cwt/acre (6160 and 2890 kg/ha) higher than those obtained with the other two scheduling methods. Methods did not affect the specific gravity of potatoes. Method (a) scheduled irrigations least frequently. Scheduling by the budget method was not always adequate because it was based on the assumption that the crop extracted water from a constant 4 ft (1.2 m) profile from planting to full vegetative growth. In one year the budget method scheduled the first irrigation earlier than necessary and delayed the second irrigation during a critical period of crop growth. From full vegetative cover to harvest the irrigation schedules were alike for both the budget and tensiometer methods.     

吉林省平安农业科学院大豆所大豆研究工作报告

1　吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究工作简介吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究所 ,设在吉林省长春市西安大路种子大厦内。现有科技人员 6人 ,其中研究员 2人 ,农艺师 2人 ,技术员 2人 ,定向培养研究生 2人。大豆研究所的主要任务是选育稳产、高产、优质及抗病虫大豆新品种 ;同时密切     

湖南沅陵4种绿茶品质成分分析

以长沙县高桥相同嫩度茶鲜叶原料采用卷曲形毛尖茶加工工艺制绿茶为对照,分别对沅陵县齐眉翠峰、凤娇碣滩茶、干发茶和军大坪茶4种绿茶的主要生化成分与感官品质进行初步分析。结果表明,沅陵4种绿茶的茶多酚总量28.76%~30.34%,游离氨基酸总量2.35%~3.22%,咖啡碱含量3.00%~3.63%,水浸出物含量37.26%~40.07%,可溶性糖总量5.46%~5.65%,可溶性蛋白含量1.50%~1.74%,类黄酮化合物总量1.16%~1.79%,叶绿素总量1.36%~2.01%,儿茶素总量13.53%~16.20%。与对照相比,4种绿茶的茶多酚、可溶性糖和儿茶素总量均高于对照,除齐眉翠峰外其余3种茶样水浸出物和叶绿素总量均高于对照,除干发茶外其余3种茶样类黄酮化合物总量均高于对照。     

Analysis of nutritional components of eight famine foods of the Republic of Niger

In the western Sahel, indigenous plants become important staples when cereal harvests are inadequate to support populations inhabiting that region of Africa. The purpose of this study was to assess the nutrient content of several of these edible wild plants. The leaves of the following seven plant foods were analyzed: Ziziphus mauritiana, Cerathotheca sesamoides, Moringa oleifera, Leptadenia hastata, Hibiscus sabdarifa, Amaranthus viridi, and Adansonia digitata. The fatty acid, vitamin E, carotenoid, selected mineral and amino acid contents of these plant foods were determined. These same analyses were performed on the fruit of the Adansonia digitata. In quantitative and qualitative terms, Amaranthus viridis was found to be an excellent source of protein. Its amino acid composition compared favorably to that of a World Health Organization (WHO) protein standard. It also contained considerable amounts of the two fatty acids that are essential in humans (linoleic and -linolenic) and a number of minerals including iron, magnesium, calcium and zinc. The leaves of Hibiscus sabdarifa contained an appreciable quantity of protein the composition of which was comparable to the WHO standard. The mineral content of the leaves of this plant was also exceptionally high; noteworthy was its high zinc content. H. sabdarifa also contained significant quantities of the two essential fatty acids. Ziziphus mauritiana was an excellent source of the essential fatty acid linoleic acid and several of the metals including iron, calcium, magnesium and zinc. Its content of other essential nutrients, however, was rather low. In general, Adansonia digitata leaves were nutritionally superior to the fruit of the tree; however, the fruit did contain useful quantities of potassium, phosphorus, zinc and -linolenic acid. The Leptadenia hastata leaves were an especially good source of lutein and -carotene. These data should be useful to the people who inhabit the western Sahel in helping them devise healthy diets during times when cereal staples are in short supply.     

防治水稻潜叶蝇的药剂筛选

通过对防治水稻潜叶蝇不同药剂、不同用量的田间对比试验,结果表明,32 g/kg的35%丁硫克百威拌种预防潜叶蝇效果最好,药效可达55 d以上,适宜在生产上推广应用。     

狗牙根诱变后代抗寒性评价

通过电解质外渗法和匍匐茎恢复试验对‘阳江’狗牙根及其12个通过形态鉴定选出的坪用价值高且花序密度低的诱变后代进行抗寒性鉴定。电解质外渗法结果表明:诱变后代间的抗寒性具有较大差异,其叶片半致死温度(LT₅₀)的变异范围为-7.6～-0.2℃(最低值与最大值相差7.4℃);参试材料抗寒性由强到弱依次为M18>M4>M26>M28> M22>阳江>M29>M31>M10>M37>M16>M1>M25,其中,有5个诱变后代抗寒性优于亲本,分别是M18、M4、M26、M28、M22。匍匐茎恢复实验结果表明:诱变后代M1、M22、M26、M31、M25在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫后的恢复生长率都高于亲本,恢复能力均优于亲本;M10、M37、M28在-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长能力低于亲本,抗寒性相对较弱,M16和M4在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长率都低于亲本,抗寒性明显弱于亲本。综合2种方法鉴定结果显示:诱变后代M1、M25的恢复能力较强;M4、M28的叶片抗寒性较好,青绿期较长;M22、M18、M26的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较强;M29,M31的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力与亲本相似;M10、M16、M37的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较弱,整体抗寒性较弱。     

芦笋枯萎病病原鉴定

对造成福建省漳州市东山县的芦笋枯萎病病原菌进行分子鉴定,以期确定病原菌的属、种名,为防治该病害寻求理论依据。试验对分离纯化的病原菌核糖体DNA的ITS区进行测序,在Genbank中搜索其同源性并构建它们的系统发育树,结果表明：引起芦笋枯萎病的病原菌是镰刀属中的尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum),且病原菌之间的同源性高达89%,遗传差异不显著。