新疆伊犁地区亚麻引种试验

试验选择国内外有代表性的8份亚麻品种,对其在新疆伊犁地区的区域适应性、丰产性和经济效益进行综合评价,为品种的推广提供依据。结果表明:双亚12号、双亚14号及黑亚16号的原茎产量高于天鑫3号,黑亚16号和双亚15号的种子产量高于天鑫3号。综合比较,黑亚16号、双亚15号具有较大的生产潜力,在新疆亚麻主产区具有一定的推广应用价值。     

甜菜抗耐丛根病品种的模糊综合评判

本文利用模糊综合评判法对自育和外引的甜菜抗耐丛根病品种进行综合评价，结果表明：自育的宁单9631、宁单9637综合性状优秀；外引的Beta4006R、STRI（多粒）、STRI（单粒）较我区目前推广的“宁甜双优一号”综合性状略差，属于良好品种；STAC品种综合性状最差。     

皖棉10号的丰产,稳产及灰色多层次综合评判

本文对皖棉１０号的丰产性、稳产性和适应性分析，表明该品种是一个丰产、稳产、适应性强的新品种。为全面综合评价皖棉１０号新品种，采用灰色多层次评判。从产量性状、品质性状及生育性状三方面评判和综合评判，表明皖棉１０号超过对照泗棉３号及其它参试品种，关联度为０８３８４，最接近于理想品种。     

灰色综合评判方法在大豆品种(系)评价上的应用

本文应用灰色综合评判的方法评价大豆品种生态鉴定试验中的8个中国品种。结果表明,该方法作为大豆品种综合评价方法,简便易行,可避免对品种单一性状评价的偏差。灰色综合评判和灰色关联度分析结果基本一致。     

春性饲用小黑麦高产优质特性的综合评价

为筛选出对新疆天山北麓灌溉区适应性强、产量高、品质优的春性饲用小黑麦品种,运用模糊综合评判法对引进或自育的12个春性饲用小黑麦品种(系)的饲草产量、品质相关性状进行综合评价.结果表明,H98-9、OH1621、OH2729、H01-2综合性状优于对照新小黑麦1号,因而可在饲草生产中进行推广种植.     

模糊综合评判和灰色关联度分析对马铃薯早熟品种综合评估

采用模糊综含评判和灰色关联度分析法分别对马铃薯早熟参试品种进行了多个性状综合评判。结果表明 ,在产量、品质、成熟期、抗病性四者兼顾的情况下 ,两种综合评估方法的评判结果基本相同 ,而且与品种实际表现相吻合 ,只是模糊综合评判方法更简便易行     

广西龙眼品种(单株)加工桂圆肉性状的综合评价

以24个广西龙眼品种(单株)的果实为试材,进行桂圆肉加工试验,并对其产品的口感、颗粒形状、色泽、香味和成品率等影响桂圆肉品质和加工的性状逐项进行比较鉴评和评分,建立桂圆肉品质评价体系。在定性性状分析的基础上,从相关分析和回归分析出发,采用模糊综合评判法进行综合分析评价,结果表明不同的龙眼品种(单株)之间加工桂圆肉性状差异较大,其中良庆1号、桂圆0506和中秋(北流)名列前3名。     

澳洲坚果主要品质性状的灰色关联度分析和模糊综合评判

以28份澳洲坚果种质的8个主要品质性状为指标,运用灰色关联度分析和模糊综合评判法对其种质品质性状进行综合定量评判。结果表明:灰色关联度和模糊综合评判的等权与加权评判结果吻合程度都高;结合两种综合评判,评价出‘南亚1号’和优株‘10’为品质优良种质,‘南亚2号’、‘O.C.’、优株‘114’等20份种质品质中等,而‘H2’、‘HAES333’、‘HAES695’、‘B3/74’、‘Yonik’和‘HAES814’等6份种质品质较差。     

CIP抗旱马铃薯资源的模糊综合评判

应用模糊数学方法对来自国际马铃薯中心11份资源材料和国内6个优良品种在内蒙古西部半干旱地区进行综合评判。结果表明:乌盟851、B_(71)—240.2、紫花白3个品种具有丰产、商品薯率高和抗旱性强的特点,其单株产量、商品薯率、株高、根系拉力及累积冠层覆盖度等5个性状的综合评判均表现突出,达到优良的评判标准,具有重要的推广价值。模糊综合评判方法,比较全面地反映了品种的特征特性和应用价值,克服了单以产量为依据评定品种的缺陷,对抗早马铃薯资源的综合评价及推广应用具有重要意义。     

七个甘蔗区试品系的模糊综合评判

用模糊综合评判的数学方法对七个甘蔗区试品系的萌芽率、分蘖率、株高、茎径、有效茎数、蔗茎产量、甘蔗蔗糖分和含糖量及宿根的发株数等９个性状进行综合评判，结果桂糖９１／６１、９０／９５和９１／９０新植和宿根的平均综合评判值分别列第一、第二和第三位，明显高于对照品种桂糖１１号。模糊综合评判结果与区域试验的实际结果相符。可以认为，桂糖９１／６１、９０／９５和９１／９０三个品系均比桂糖１１号优良，可以扩大种植     

豫北优质大豆产业发展策略

针对豫北地区的大豆生产现状，从气候、土壤、品种、生态因素及市场需求等方面提出了优质大豆的发展策略与途径。     

Comparisons of methods of scheduling irrigations of potatoes

Irrigation of Netted Gem potatoes was scheduled during three growing seasons by three methods: (a) when plants displayed first visual symptoms of moisture stress, (b) when indicated by a soil moisture budget involving estimated evapotranspiration, and (c) on the basis of tensiometer readings of soil moisture suction. When the tensiometer method of scheduling was used, the mean yields of tubers were 55.0 and 25.8 cwt/acre (6160 and 2890 kg/ha) higher than those obtained with the other two scheduling methods. Methods did not affect the specific gravity of potatoes. Method (a) scheduled irrigations least frequently. Scheduling by the budget method was not always adequate because it was based on the assumption that the crop extracted water from a constant 4 ft (1.2 m) profile from planting to full vegetative growth. In one year the budget method scheduled the first irrigation earlier than necessary and delayed the second irrigation during a critical period of crop growth. From full vegetative cover to harvest the irrigation schedules were alike for both the budget and tensiometer methods.     

吉林省平安农业科学院大豆所大豆研究工作报告

1　吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究工作简介吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究所 ,设在吉林省长春市西安大路种子大厦内。现有科技人员 6人 ,其中研究员 2人 ,农艺师 2人 ,技术员 2人 ,定向培养研究生 2人。大豆研究所的主要任务是选育稳产、高产、优质及抗病虫大豆新品种 ;同时密切     

湖南沅陵4种绿茶品质成分分析

以长沙县高桥相同嫩度茶鲜叶原料采用卷曲形毛尖茶加工工艺制绿茶为对照,分别对沅陵县齐眉翠峰、凤娇碣滩茶、干发茶和军大坪茶4种绿茶的主要生化成分与感官品质进行初步分析。结果表明,沅陵4种绿茶的茶多酚总量28.76%~30.34%,游离氨基酸总量2.35%~3.22%,咖啡碱含量3.00%~3.63%,水浸出物含量37.26%~40.07%,可溶性糖总量5.46%~5.65%,可溶性蛋白含量1.50%~1.74%,类黄酮化合物总量1.16%~1.79%,叶绿素总量1.36%~2.01%,儿茶素总量13.53%~16.20%。与对照相比,4种绿茶的茶多酚、可溶性糖和儿茶素总量均高于对照,除齐眉翠峰外其余3种茶样水浸出物和叶绿素总量均高于对照,除干发茶外其余3种茶样类黄酮化合物总量均高于对照。     

Analysis of nutritional components of eight famine foods of the Republic of Niger

In the western Sahel, indigenous plants become important staples when cereal harvests are inadequate to support populations inhabiting that region of Africa. The purpose of this study was to assess the nutrient content of several of these edible wild plants. The leaves of the following seven plant foods were analyzed: Ziziphus mauritiana, Cerathotheca sesamoides, Moringa oleifera, Leptadenia hastata, Hibiscus sabdarifa, Amaranthus viridi, and Adansonia digitata. The fatty acid, vitamin E, carotenoid, selected mineral and amino acid contents of these plant foods were determined. These same analyses were performed on the fruit of the Adansonia digitata. In quantitative and qualitative terms, Amaranthus viridis was found to be an excellent source of protein. Its amino acid composition compared favorably to that of a World Health Organization (WHO) protein standard. It also contained considerable amounts of the two fatty acids that are essential in humans (linoleic and -linolenic) and a number of minerals including iron, magnesium, calcium and zinc. The leaves of Hibiscus sabdarifa contained an appreciable quantity of protein the composition of which was comparable to the WHO standard. The mineral content of the leaves of this plant was also exceptionally high; noteworthy was its high zinc content. H. sabdarifa also contained significant quantities of the two essential fatty acids. Ziziphus mauritiana was an excellent source of the essential fatty acid linoleic acid and several of the metals including iron, calcium, magnesium and zinc. Its content of other essential nutrients, however, was rather low. In general, Adansonia digitata leaves were nutritionally superior to the fruit of the tree; however, the fruit did contain useful quantities of potassium, phosphorus, zinc and -linolenic acid. The Leptadenia hastata leaves were an especially good source of lutein and -carotene. These data should be useful to the people who inhabit the western Sahel in helping them devise healthy diets during times when cereal staples are in short supply.     

防治水稻潜叶蝇的药剂筛选

通过对防治水稻潜叶蝇不同药剂、不同用量的田间对比试验,结果表明,32 g/kg的35%丁硫克百威拌种预防潜叶蝇效果最好,药效可达55 d以上,适宜在生产上推广应用。     

狗牙根诱变后代抗寒性评价

通过电解质外渗法和匍匐茎恢复试验对‘阳江’狗牙根及其12个通过形态鉴定选出的坪用价值高且花序密度低的诱变后代进行抗寒性鉴定。电解质外渗法结果表明:诱变后代间的抗寒性具有较大差异,其叶片半致死温度(LT₅₀)的变异范围为-7.6～-0.2℃(最低值与最大值相差7.4℃);参试材料抗寒性由强到弱依次为M18>M4>M26>M28> M22>阳江>M29>M31>M10>M37>M16>M1>M25,其中,有5个诱变后代抗寒性优于亲本,分别是M18、M4、M26、M28、M22。匍匐茎恢复实验结果表明:诱变后代M1、M22、M26、M31、M25在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫后的恢复生长率都高于亲本,恢复能力均优于亲本;M10、M37、M28在-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长能力低于亲本,抗寒性相对较弱,M16和M4在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长率都低于亲本,抗寒性明显弱于亲本。综合2种方法鉴定结果显示:诱变后代M1、M25的恢复能力较强;M4、M28的叶片抗寒性较好,青绿期较长;M22、M18、M26的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较强;M29,M31的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力与亲本相似;M10、M16、M37的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较弱,整体抗寒性较弱。     

芦笋枯萎病病原鉴定

对造成福建省漳州市东山县的芦笋枯萎病病原菌进行分子鉴定,以期确定病原菌的属、种名,为防治该病害寻求理论依据。试验对分离纯化的病原菌核糖体DNA的ITS区进行测序,在Genbank中搜索其同源性并构建它们的系统发育树,结果表明：引起芦笋枯萎病的病原菌是镰刀属中的尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum),且病原菌之间的同源性高达89%,遗传差异不显著。