不同激素及“九二0”用量对培矮64S制种效应研究

“九二0”作用于培矮64S,在一定范围内，随着用量的提高，其减轻包颈，改善穗层结构，减少稻粒黑粉病，提高异交结实率的效果与相应提高。制种乐，AB型增粒剂与“九二0”配合使用，使上述效应更加突出，“九二0”总量掌握在525g/hm^2，并与制种乐或AB型增粒剂配合使用，是培矮64S制种较为有效且经济的使用方法。     

两优培九制种"九二○"使用技术探讨

在两优培九制种中，对母本培矮64S采取“四看四定”的“九二0”施用技术，初步解决了培矮64S“九二0”施用技术难题，大幅度提高了两优培九制种产量。     

培矮64S为母本的杂交稻制种“九二0”高效使用技术

两系不育系培矮64S对“九二0”反应迟钝。根据两优培九多年制种实践，提出了以培矮64S为母本的两系组合制种中“九二0”的喷施时期、用量、次数和浓度等高效使用技术。     

培矮64S系列组合制种稻粒黑粉病防控技术研究

研究了肥水管理、“九二 0”施用时期与用量、轻度割叶对两系杂交水稻培矮 64S系列组合制种稻粒黑粉病发生的影响 ,提出降低氮肥用量、及早晒田控制无效分蘖 ,在见穗蔸率 3 %～ 5 %喷施“九二 0” ,适当增加其用量以及在喷完后轻度割叶等措施 ,能有效降低稻粒黑粉病的发生率     

植物生长调节剂对玉米生长及产量的影响

本项研究探讨了四种植物生长调节剂应用于玉米浸种和叶面喷洒的作用效果.经两年试验结果得出:三十烷醇能够促进幼苗根系发育,加强光合作用;多效好、爱多收、丰产素能够提高玉米籽实的库容量,增加百粒重.四种植物生长调节剂均对玉米有增产效果,尤其三十烷醇效果最好.多效好、丰产素适于叶面喷洒,爱多收、三十烷醇浸种和叶面喷洒均可.     

两用核不育系培矮64S制种时“九二0”的喷施技术初探

根据多项试验 ,着重从株高、节间比值、包颈长、柱头外露率、结实率、未包穗率 ,齐穗天数等方面分析 ,表明培矮 64S在制种中喷施“九二 0”以抽穗 10 %时为最佳时期 ,每公顷共喷施 4 5 0g ,分两次喷 ,先重后轻为好 ,其穗层结构最有利于异交结实     

培矮64S-05的育性鉴定及其南繁气候决策

用培矮 64S - 0 5在三亚南繁逐日套袋自交结实率资料和逐日均温和日长资料 ,用育性量化模型〔1,2〕鉴定其在三亚的育性指标 ,并对培矮 64S - 0 5的光温反应特性进行分析和普遍性验证。结合三亚 3 0年 ( 195 9～ 1989年 )逐日气象资料和生育期预测模型对培矮 64S - 0 5在三亚南繁的最佳抽穗期和最佳播种期进行气候决策     

培两优组合制种的气象问题研究

对两用核不育系培矮 64S及其组合在湖南省制种中的几个关键气象问题进行了试验研究。结果表明 :培矮 64S的育性转换温度为 2 3 .5℃ ,在郴州仅 3 6年一遇 ,适宜湘中以南低海拔地区制种 ,对湘北湘西则不大适宜 ;培两优组合制种适宜扬花的气象条件为 :温度 2 9.1～ 3 3 .0℃ ,湿度 71%～ 90 % ;当培矮 64S育性敏感期内未出现连续 3d平均在 2 4 .0℃以下的天气时制种纯度可达 99.5 %以上 ;最适花期为 8月下旬     

隐性高秆水稻02428h的eui基因在育种上的利用

为研究隐性高秆水稻“02428h”的长穗颈基因eui在减轻不育系包颈度中的利用价值,以02428h为父本,培矮64S为母本和轮回亲本,经过连续3次回交将02428h的eui基因导入培矮64S,转育成了具有长穗颈基因的“P8hS”。与培矮64S相比,P8hS的株高增加35.6 cm,主要是穗颈节和倒2节间长度增加所致。eui基因的导入不仅可使培矮64S的穗包颈得到彻底改善,而且对培矮64S及其杂种的主要经济性状具有促进作用。     

培矮64S繁殖技术探讨

培矮 64S属于低温敏核不育系 ,导致可育转换的起点温度 (CTFI)为 2 3 .3℃。从现实可行的角度出发 ,对培矮 64S的繁殖条件进行了探讨 ,提出了培矮 64S繁殖的 4条有效途径     

豫北优质大豆产业发展策略

针对豫北地区的大豆生产现状，从气候、土壤、品种、生态因素及市场需求等方面提出了优质大豆的发展策略与途径。     

Comparisons of methods of scheduling irrigations of potatoes

Irrigation of Netted Gem potatoes was scheduled during three growing seasons by three methods: (a) when plants displayed first visual symptoms of moisture stress, (b) when indicated by a soil moisture budget involving estimated evapotranspiration, and (c) on the basis of tensiometer readings of soil moisture suction. When the tensiometer method of scheduling was used, the mean yields of tubers were 55.0 and 25.8 cwt/acre (6160 and 2890 kg/ha) higher than those obtained with the other two scheduling methods. Methods did not affect the specific gravity of potatoes. Method (a) scheduled irrigations least frequently. Scheduling by the budget method was not always adequate because it was based on the assumption that the crop extracted water from a constant 4 ft (1.2 m) profile from planting to full vegetative growth. In one year the budget method scheduled the first irrigation earlier than necessary and delayed the second irrigation during a critical period of crop growth. From full vegetative cover to harvest the irrigation schedules were alike for both the budget and tensiometer methods.     

吉林省平安农业科学院大豆所大豆研究工作报告

1　吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究工作简介吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究所 ,设在吉林省长春市西安大路种子大厦内。现有科技人员 6人 ,其中研究员 2人 ,农艺师 2人 ,技术员 2人 ,定向培养研究生 2人。大豆研究所的主要任务是选育稳产、高产、优质及抗病虫大豆新品种 ;同时密切     

湖南沅陵4种绿茶品质成分分析

以长沙县高桥相同嫩度茶鲜叶原料采用卷曲形毛尖茶加工工艺制绿茶为对照,分别对沅陵县齐眉翠峰、凤娇碣滩茶、干发茶和军大坪茶4种绿茶的主要生化成分与感官品质进行初步分析。结果表明,沅陵4种绿茶的茶多酚总量28.76%~30.34%,游离氨基酸总量2.35%~3.22%,咖啡碱含量3.00%~3.63%,水浸出物含量37.26%~40.07%,可溶性糖总量5.46%~5.65%,可溶性蛋白含量1.50%~1.74%,类黄酮化合物总量1.16%~1.79%,叶绿素总量1.36%~2.01%,儿茶素总量13.53%~16.20%。与对照相比,4种绿茶的茶多酚、可溶性糖和儿茶素总量均高于对照,除齐眉翠峰外其余3种茶样水浸出物和叶绿素总量均高于对照,除干发茶外其余3种茶样类黄酮化合物总量均高于对照。     

Analysis of nutritional components of eight famine foods of the Republic of Niger

In the western Sahel, indigenous plants become important staples when cereal harvests are inadequate to support populations inhabiting that region of Africa. The purpose of this study was to assess the nutrient content of several of these edible wild plants. The leaves of the following seven plant foods were analyzed: Ziziphus mauritiana, Cerathotheca sesamoides, Moringa oleifera, Leptadenia hastata, Hibiscus sabdarifa, Amaranthus viridi, and Adansonia digitata. The fatty acid, vitamin E, carotenoid, selected mineral and amino acid contents of these plant foods were determined. These same analyses were performed on the fruit of the Adansonia digitata. In quantitative and qualitative terms, Amaranthus viridis was found to be an excellent source of protein. Its amino acid composition compared favorably to that of a World Health Organization (WHO) protein standard. It also contained considerable amounts of the two fatty acids that are essential in humans (linoleic and -linolenic) and a number of minerals including iron, magnesium, calcium and zinc. The leaves of Hibiscus sabdarifa contained an appreciable quantity of protein the composition of which was comparable to the WHO standard. The mineral content of the leaves of this plant was also exceptionally high; noteworthy was its high zinc content. H. sabdarifa also contained significant quantities of the two essential fatty acids. Ziziphus mauritiana was an excellent source of the essential fatty acid linoleic acid and several of the metals including iron, calcium, magnesium and zinc. Its content of other essential nutrients, however, was rather low. In general, Adansonia digitata leaves were nutritionally superior to the fruit of the tree; however, the fruit did contain useful quantities of potassium, phosphorus, zinc and -linolenic acid. The Leptadenia hastata leaves were an especially good source of lutein and -carotene. These data should be useful to the people who inhabit the western Sahel in helping them devise healthy diets during times when cereal staples are in short supply.     

防治水稻潜叶蝇的药剂筛选

通过对防治水稻潜叶蝇不同药剂、不同用量的田间对比试验,结果表明,32 g/kg的35%丁硫克百威拌种预防潜叶蝇效果最好,药效可达55 d以上,适宜在生产上推广应用。     

狗牙根诱变后代抗寒性评价

通过电解质外渗法和匍匐茎恢复试验对‘阳江’狗牙根及其12个通过形态鉴定选出的坪用价值高且花序密度低的诱变后代进行抗寒性鉴定。电解质外渗法结果表明:诱变后代间的抗寒性具有较大差异,其叶片半致死温度(LT₅₀)的变异范围为-7.6～-0.2℃(最低值与最大值相差7.4℃);参试材料抗寒性由强到弱依次为M18>M4>M26>M28> M22>阳江>M29>M31>M10>M37>M16>M1>M25,其中,有5个诱变后代抗寒性优于亲本,分别是M18、M4、M26、M28、M22。匍匐茎恢复实验结果表明:诱变后代M1、M22、M26、M31、M25在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫后的恢复生长率都高于亲本,恢复能力均优于亲本;M10、M37、M28在-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长能力低于亲本,抗寒性相对较弱,M16和M4在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长率都低于亲本,抗寒性明显弱于亲本。综合2种方法鉴定结果显示:诱变后代M1、M25的恢复能力较强;M4、M28的叶片抗寒性较好,青绿期较长;M22、M18、M26的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较强;M29,M31的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力与亲本相似;M10、M16、M37的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较弱,整体抗寒性较弱。     

12份白花泡桐材料亲缘关系的ISSR分析

以‘福桐’、‘绿桐’2个无性系与10个不同种源的白花泡桐个体为研究对象，采用ISSR分子标记对12份白花泡桐材料的亲缘关系进行研究，并利用DPSv3.01进行聚类分析。结果表明：10条引物共扩增出66条条带，其中有37条多态带，多态性比例为56.1%。根据ISSR聚类分析结果，在遗传距离为0.35时，12份白花泡桐材料可分为5类，第1类为‘福桐’无性系与河南、河北种源个体；第2类为‘绿桐’无性系与湖南、湖北、江苏种源个体；第3类为浙江、广东种源个体；第4类为江西、福建种源个体；第5类为广西种源个体。此结果     

龙眼种质资源果实经济性状的稳定性评价

为了探讨龙眼(Dimocarpus longan Lour.)种质果实性状的稳定性,连续3a对40份不同基因型龙眼种质果实数量性状的年际间表现进行测定比较。结果表明,在气候条件差异较大的不同年份,单果重、果皮重、果肉重、种子重、果皮厚、可食率、可溶性固形含量等果实性状均表现丰富的多样性,并存在年际间的显著或极显著水平差异,气候条件对果实数量性状有显著影响;不同性状的稳定性有差异,其中可食率的稳定性最高,其次是可溶性固形物含量。通过聚类分析,可将40份龙眼种质按果实性状稳定性分成7类。