猪链球菌病的检测方法研究进展

猪链球菌病是一种重要的人畜共患病,对猪链球菌进行快速而特异性检测具有重要的流行病学意义和临床应用价值。文章分别对猪链球菌的微生物学检测、免疫学检测和分子生物学检测方法进行了综述,以期为猪链球菌检测提供参考。     

猪链球菌1型的分离与鉴定

猪链球菌是1987年新设立的一个种,按荚膜抗原的差异分为35个血清型,其中猪链球菌2型毒力最强,猪链球菌1型也是猪链球菌病的一种重要病原。目前对猪链球菌2型的研究很多,但对猪链球菌1型的研究甚少,试验对分离到的1株猪链球菌1型菌株进行了分子生物鉴定,现报道如下。1材料和方法     

四川省部分猪场猪链球菌病免疫前后的病原及抗体调查

猪链球菌是重要的人兽共患病病原。本研究通过对四川省部分规模猪场猪链球菌灭活疫苗免疫前、一次免疫后及二次免疫后,分别对猪进行三次采样,检测猪扁桃体拭子中的病原和血清样本抗体水平。结果表明:与免疫前相比,二次免疫后60 d,猪链球菌带菌率由8.75%降到0,而抗体阳性率11.25%上升到100%。同时,部分未免疫猪群存在猪链球菌的隐性感染,猪链球菌病灭活疫苗免疫后,明显减少了猪群中猪链球菌的带菌率,整个猪群未发生猪链球菌病病例。免疫预防有效降低了猪群中猪链球菌带菌率和感染率,是防控猪链球菌病的重要措施之一。     

猪链球菌2型的毒力因子及诊断方法

猪链球菌2型(Streptococcussuistype2)又称为猪链球菌血清2型或荚膜2型猪链球菌,是革兰氏阳性兼性厌氧菌,为条件性致病菌,是猪链球菌35种血清型中流行最广、毒力最强的一种。它所引起的猪链球菌病是影响全世界养猪业的重要问题之一,且属于人畜共患病。该菌通常引起猪脑膜炎、败     

猪链球菌检测方法的研究进展

猪链球菌是一种重要的人畜共患病病原,对猪链球菌进行快速而特异性地检测,具有重要的流行病学意义和临床应用价值。文章分别对猪链球菌免疫学检测方法与分子生物学检测方法进行了阐述,并对未来的研究方向进行了展望。     

珠三角部分地区猪链球菌的药物敏感性调查与分析

猪链球菌病是由猪链球菌引起的一种重要人畜共患病,尤其是血清2型猪链球菌,不仅对猪的致病性强,而且可感染特定人群并致死,给人类公共卫生和养猪业带来巨大影响。猪链球菌病表现许多临床症状,如脑膜炎、关节炎、心内膜炎以及败血症。     

猪链球菌病的诊断报告

猪链球菌病是由猪链球菌引起的一种重要人畜共患病,尤其是血清2型猪链球菌,不仅对猪的致病性最强,而且可感染特定人群并致死,给人类公共卫生和养猪业带来巨大影响.     

猪链球菌病的防治措施

猪链球菌病是由多种致病性猪链球菌感染引起的人、畜共患病。猪链球菌是猪的常见和重要病原体,也是人类动物源性脑膜炎的常见致病原因,可引起脑膜炎、败血症、心内膜炎、关节炎和肺炎,     

临床分离猪链球菌的药物敏感性分析

血清2型猪链球菌不仅可以感染猪只发病,而且还可以感染特定人群并致死,是一种重要的人畜共患传染病。因此,如何防止猪链球菌的发生和传播,是当前猪病防控的一项重要课题。为了防止抗生素的滥用,要作好猪链球菌对抗生素的耐药性监测,并为     

高温季节谨防猪链球菌病

<正>猪链球菌病是由猪链球菌引起的人兽共患传染性疾病,属国家规定的二类动物疫病。随着集约化养猪的发展,猪链球菌病的发病率有逐年增高的趋势,已成为我国养猪业的重要传染病之一。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.