3株新城疫病毒广西分离株L基因的克隆与序列分析

根据GenBank登陆的新城疫病毒L基因序列,设计了3对引物(L1和L2、L3和L4、L5和L6)。用RT-PCR技术对3株新城疫病毒广西分离GX7/02、GX9/03、GX11/03的L基因进行了分段扩增和克隆,并对克隆出来的3个片段进行序列测定,用DNAstar软件比较分析后进行拼接,得到长约为6.8 kb、包含有L基因全长的核苷酸序列。L基因的RNA全长为6 704 bp,拥有一个6 615 bp的开放阅读框,推导其编码的氨基酸数为2 204个。氨基酸同源性分析表明广西分离株之间同源性为98.6%~98.7%;与ZJ1株同源性为98.8%~98.9%;与La-Sota、B1、F48E9、HB92同源性为92.0%~94.2%。     

ApNPV编码的DNA单链结合蛋白基因lef-3的克隆与分析

用随机克隆法,克隆得到了柞蚕核型多角体病毒(Antheraeapernyinucleopolyhedrovirus,ApNPV)PstⅠ和XhoⅠ片段,经序列分析表明,该片段含有完整的晚期表达因子3(lef3),与其它来源的lef3基因具有很高的同源性。ApNPVlef3基因的阅读框为1110bp,编码369个氨基酸,编码一种DNA单链结合蛋白(singlestrandedDNAbindingprotein,SSB)。lef3基因参与病毒DNA复制,是病毒DNA复制必不可少的蛋白质因子。LEF3的N-端有一个氨基酸保守序列区,推测此氨基酸序列保守区是LEF3的主要功能区。在lef3基因上游的互补序列有一编码127个氨基酸序列的不完全阅读框,根据同源性比较,此阅读框与黄杉毒蛾核型多角体病毒(Orgyiapseudotsugatanucleopolyhedrovirus,OpNPV)的ORFs73编码相似的基因,而在该片段的3′端其序列与近缘种OpNPV和云杉卷叶蛾多角体病毒(Choristoneurafumiferananucleopolyhedrovirus,CfNPV)没有同缘性,显示了ApNPV基因组结构有其固有的特点。     

柔嫩艾美耳球虫ZJ株5401基因的克隆和序列分析

利用RT—PCR方法扩增出了柔嫩艾美耳球虫(E．tenella)ZJ(浙江)株的子孢子表面抗原5401基因。把这一基因片段克隆到PGEM—T克隆载体上，得到的阳性克隆经PCR鉴定及酶切分析，结果表明重组子(pGEM—T—5401)中含有5401基因，该序列全长为864bp，序列本身是一个开放阅读框，将克隆得到的基因与国外报道的5401基因比较，有两个碱基发生有义突变，引起两个氨基酸发生突变，核苷酸同源性为99．8％，氨基酸同源性为99．3％。克隆出的5401基因可以用于将来重组疫苗的研究。     

奶牛乳房炎抗性基因TAP cDNA克隆及序列分析

采用RT-PCR方法从奶牛乳腺组织中扩增气管抗菌肽(TAP)基因,重组到pMD19-T Simple载体中,并进行序列分析。序列分析结果显示,克隆的TAP基因包含完整的开放阅读框(ORF)195 bp,与牛TAP基因同源性达93.8%;该ORF编码的64个氨基酸,含有β-防御素特征性结构即6个在特定位置上的保守半胱氨酸残基。TAP基因cDNA完整开放阅读框的克隆,为进一步开发应用重组牛β-防御素奠定了基础。     

奶牛乳房炎抗性基因TAP cDNA克隆及序列分析

采用RT-PCR方法从奶牛乳腺组织中扩增气管抗菌肽(TAP)基因,重组到pMD19-T Simple载体中,并进行序列分析。序列分析结果显示,克隆的TAP基因包含完整的开放阅读框(ORF) 195 bp,与牛TAP基因同源性达93.8%;该ORF编码的64个氨基酸,含有β-防御素特征性结构即6个在特定位置上的保守半胱氨酸残基。TAP基因cDNA完整开放阅读框的克隆,为进一步开发应用重组牛β-防御素奠定了基础。     

新城疫病毒Lasota株F基因的克隆和序列分析

本试验采用RT-PCR方法对NDV Lasota株的全长F基因进行了扩增与克隆，并对其进行测序。扩出的F基因核苷酸长度为1664bp，单一的开放阅读框编码553个氨基酸的长肽，序列中有6个糖基化位点，13个半胱氨酸残基，包括完整的F1片段和完整的F2片段。裂解位点区(112-117aa)氨基酸序列为Gly-Arg-Gin-Gly-Arg-Leu，与所有弱毒株在这一区域的序列(Gy-Arg／Lys-Gin-Gly／Ser-Arg-Leu)相符。同源性分析表明，Lasota株F基因与已发表的其它NDVF基因相比，核苷酸序列同源性在88％-99％之间，推导的氨基酸序列同源性在90％～99％之间。     

新城疫病毒V4株L基因的克隆与序列分析

设计了2对引物V4L1、V4L2和V4L3、V4L4，用RT-PCR法对新城疫病毒(NDV)V4克隆株的L基因进行了分段克隆。用V4L1、V4L2扩增出约4．1kb的V4LA片段，用V4L3、V4L4扩增出约3．5kb的V4LB片段，分别对克隆出的2个片段进行序列测定，并用DNAsis软件比较分析后进行拼接，得到长约7．2kb、包含有NDVV4克隆株L基因全长的核苷酸序列。NDVV4克隆株L基因mRNA全长为6704bp，拥有1个6615bp的开放阅读框，推测其编码的氨基酸数为2204个。氨基酸同源性分析表明：V4克隆株与HB92 V4株L基因的同源性为99．0％，与LaSota、B1、B1T(美国Takaaki分离株)、Beaudette C、Clone30、F48E9、SF02和ZJ1株的同源性为94．1％～96．5％。     

中国白兔IL-6基因的克隆与序列分析

本试验根据GenBank上公布的欧洲兔白介素6(IL-6)全基因序列,设计1对引物,用RT-PCR方法从ConA刺激诱导的中国白兔外周淋巴细胞的总RNA中扩增出中国白兔IL-6基因cDNA,并对其进行克隆和序列分析.结果表明,成功地克隆出了中国白兔IL-6基因,其开放阅读框为726bp.序列分析表明,中国白兔与欧洲兔IL-6基因(AF169176)同源性为100％,与GenBank上公布的其他的几种兔的IL-6基因不完全序列的同源性从84.9％～91.1％不等.目前很少有关兔白细胞介素的报道,兔IL-6的克隆在国内尚属首次.     

柞蚕核型多角体病毒ie-2和pe-38基因的克隆与序列分析

采用随机克隆方法,通过对插入pGEM-3Z载体的柞蚕核型多角体病毒基因组的部分片段进行测序和序列分析,获得了柞蚕核型多角体病毒基因组的2个极早期基因ie-2和pe-38的序列及pe-38的5′启动子区,其推定的开放阅读框分别编码295和302个氨基酸,并且内部含有一个保守的锌指结构和亮氨酸拉链。核苷酸和氨基酸同源性比较结果显示:柞蚕核型多角体病毒的ie-2和pe-38基因与黄杉毒蛾多角体病毒的同源性较高,与家蚕核型多角体病毒的同源性都很低;在分子进化方面,这2个基因的保守性不强,出现大片段缺失,是研究分子进化及物种关系比较典型的基因。     

应用RACE技术扩增鸭A-FABP基因及序列分析

为揭示鸭A-FABP基因的结构和功能,运用RACE方法克隆并鉴定了鸭A-FABP基因的全长cDNA序列。用1对含高度保守的DNA片段的兼并引物,从鸭腹部脂肪组织总RNA扩增部分A-FABP片段,测序结果与已知序列一致;根据已知的鸭A-FABP基因序列设计新引物分别从5′和3′RACE扩增延长该片段。经DNASTAR中的SeqMan软件拼接5′RACE产物和3′RACE产物以及已知序列而获得片段大小为652 bp的cDNA序列。该cDNA序列由64 bp的5′非编码区、399 bp的编码序列和189 bp的3′非编码区组成。鸭A-FABP基因399 bp的开放阅读框编码132个氨基酸。经Blastn和Blastx比对分析,鸭A-FABP基因的编码区核苷酸序列与人、猪、鸡和鹅分别有76%、78%、93%和93%的同源性。     

鸭肠炎病毒UL41、UL42基因的克隆与分析

依据GenBank登录的鸭肠炎病毒(DEV)核苷酸序列设计引物,利用长片段PCR技术扩增了DEV基因组UL36与UL43基因之间的未知序列,扩增所得片段长度约为15 kb.经EcoRV单酶切,将其中的3.9 kb片段克隆到pUC18中.序列分析表明该3.9 kb EcoR V片段含有2个完整的转录方向相反的与单纯疱疹病毒(HSV)UL41和UL42基因同源的ORF,命名为DEV UL41和ULA2基因.通过氨基酸序列比对发现:DEV UL41基因含有5个高度保守位点,而UL42含有2个,进化树分析表明DEV与疱疹病毒科a疱疹病毒亚科的马立克病毒、火鸡疱疹病毒的进化关系非常相近,为DEV的分类提供了参考依据.     

A cloned DNA probe for the detection of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis

DNA extracted from Mycobacterium paratuberculosis, which had been isolated from a cow with clinical Johne's disease, was used to make a gene library in the Escherichia Coli expression vector phage lambda gt11. Plaque-lifts were made from the library onto nitrocellulose membranes. These were screened by differential hybridization using radiolabelled chromosomal DNA from M. paratuberculosis and Mycobacterium phlei. By this method six recombinants that hybridized to M. paratuberculosis but not to M. phlei were identified. Three of these, designated lambda gt-R3, lambda gt-R4 and lambda gt-RS, containing DNA inserts of 2.5,1.5 and 3.7 kilobases (kb), respectively, were chosen for further analysis of their insert specificities. Following restriction with the endonucleases EcoRI and BamHI, the digestion fragments from the three recombinants were transferred to nitrocellulose membranes and probed with radiolabelled DNA from M. paratuberculosis and M. phlei. As expected, M. paratuberculosis DNA hybridized to all the fragments. M. phlei DNA hybridized to both the fragments that were generated from lambda gt-R3, to the single fragment from lambda gt-R4 and to two of the three fragments generated from lambda gt-RS. The fragment with which M. phlei DNA failed to hybridize was 0.45 kb in length. Multiple copies of this fragment were made in the plasmid pGEM-2; the plasmid DNA was then harvested and radiolabelled. Designated PAM-1, the radiolabelled material hybridized to a 3.7 kb fragment of EcoRI-digested M. paratuberculosis and to 2.2 kb fragments of similarly digested M. avium serovars 2 and 3. PAM-1 did not hybridize to DNA from the other four mycobacterial species examined or from Nocardia asteroides. The restriction fragment length polymorphism thus demonstrated distinguishes M. paratuberculosis from M. avium serovars 2 and 3.     

Molecular characterization of a poxvirus isolated from an American flamingo (Phoeniconais ruber rubber)

An avian poxvirus from the beak scab of an American flamingo (Phoeniconais ruber rubber) was isolated by inoculation on the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chicken embryos. The virus produced multifocal areas of epithelial hyperplasia along with foci of inflammation in the CAM, and rare cells contained small eosinophilic intracytoplasmic bodies. Chickens inoculated with the isolated virus in the feather follicle of the leg did not develop significant lesions. Nucleotide sequence comparison of a PCR-amplified 4.5 kb HindIII fragment of the genome of flamingo poxvirus (FlPV) revealed very high homology (99.7%) with condor poxvirus (CPV), followed by approximately 92% similarity with canary poxvirus (CNPV) and Hawaiian goose poxvirus (HGPV), but less similarity (approximately 69%) to fowl poxvirus (FPV), the type species of the genus Avipoxvirus of family Poxviridae. As in the cases with CPV, CNPV, and HGPV, genetic analysis of FlPV revealed an absence of three corresponding FPV open reading frames (ORF199, 200, and 202) and an absence of any reticuloendotheliosis virus (REV) sequences in this region. There are only nine nucleotide substitutions observed between FlPV and CPV in the 4.5 kb fragment; those were clustered in the ORF201 region, which in FPV genome is a site for integration of REV sequences. Phylogenetic analysis of the predicted amino acid sequences of the ORF201-coded hypothetical protein demonstrated FlPV to be more closely related to CPV, as well as to CNPV and HGPV, than to FPV.     

鸡贫血病毒山东分离株全基因克隆

设计了 Ｃ Ａ５、 Ｃ Ａ６ 和 Ｃ Ａ７、 Ｃ Ａ８ 两对引物,分别扩增鸡贫血病毒（ Ｃ Ａ Ｖ）山东分离株 Ｓ Ｊ１ 的 １５ Ｋｂ 和 ０８ Ｋｂ Ｄ Ｎ Ａ 片段。并将这两个片段分别克隆至 ｐ Ｕ Ｃ１１９ 和ｐ Ｂｌｕｅｓｃｒｉｐｔ（ Ｓ Ｋ＋ ）载体质粒,最后一起克隆到 ｐ Ｑ Ｅ３２ 载体质粒上,使两个片段前后连接成一个全长的病毒 Ｄ Ｎ Ａ。用该质粒转染 Ｍ Ｄ Ｃ Ｃ Ｍ Ｓ Ｂ１ 细胞,经免疫荧光抗体法和 Ｅ Ｌ Ｉ Ｓ Ａ 检测到 Ｃ Ａ Ｖ 病毒,结果证明我们得到了一个 Ｃ Ａ Ｖ 感染性全基因克隆。     

鸽痘病毒TK基因的扩增、克隆及序列分析

根据3个鸡痘病毒株的TK基因序列,借助基因分析软件设计合成了引物H1 、H2一。对PPV地方分离弱毒株PPVR的3个型PPVD(大)、PPVZ(中)、PPVX(小)和强毒株PPVY及鸽痘病毒疫苗株VVG、鸡痘病毒疫苗株VVJ进行TK基因的PCR,均成功地扩增出预期大小的目的片段。对PCR产物用限制性内切酶NcoI进行酶切分析,结果酶切产物得到两条条带,大小分别为628 bp和732 bp,与3个已发表的TK基因分析结果一致。分别将6个禽痘病毒TK基因克隆至pGEM-T Easy载体中,重组质粒经PCR和酶切鉴定后,进行测序。结果表明,本试验获得的TK基因长1 360 bp,存在一个NcoI酶切位点,两个XbaI酶切位点。序列分析表明:PPVD和PPVX同VVG和VVJ的TK基因同源性为100％;在TK基因的编码区内PPVY有一个碱基与其它毒株不同;各毒株TK基因的侧翼都存在15 bp的正向重复序列和8 bp的倒转重复序列;PPVD、PPVX和PPVZ虽然来源于同一个毒株,但TK基因存在差异。     

Location of open reading frames coding for equine herpesvirus type-1 glycoproteins with homology to gE and gI of herpes simplex virus.

The DNA fragments representing the entire short unique region and part of the repeat sequences of the equine herpesvirus type-1 genome were cloned into plasmid vectors. The approximate positions of the junctions between the short unique region and the inverted repeats were then located by restriction endonuclease mapping. Two open reading frames coding for potential glycoproteins have been identified within the short unique region, using DNA sequence analysis. The predicted amino acid sequences of these open reading frames had extensive homology to the herpes simplex virus glycoproteins gE and gI and the related glycoproteins of pseudorabies virus and varicella-zoster virus.     

不同源性H5亚型禽流感病毒株HA基因序列分析

本研究对1株鹅源和一株鸽源的H5N1亚型禽流感病毒血凝素（HA）基因进行扩增、克隆和序列分析。结果表明，所扩增的片段长均为1707bp，包含完整的开放阅读框架，编码568个氨基酸；该毒株有7个潜在糖基化位点；在HA裂解位点附近有6个碱性氨基酸序列插入。两毒株间核苷酸与氨基酸的同源性均为96．7％。该毒株与参考毒株的序列比较分析结果表明：核苷酸同源率分别为95．3％～99％；氨基酸同源率分别为95．1％～99.3％。     

Brucella melitensis 16M: characterisation of the galE gene and mouse immunisation studies with a galE deficient mutant

The galE gene of Streptomyces lividans was used to probe a cosmid library harbouring Brucella melitensis 16M DNA and the nucleotide sequence of a 2.5 kb ClaI fragment which hybridised was determined. An open reading frame encoding a predicted polypeptide with significant homology to UDP-galactose-4-epimerases of Brucella arbortus strain 2308 and other bacterial species was identified. DNA sequences flanking the B. melitensis galE gene shared no identity with other gal genes and, as for B. abortus, were located adjacent to a mazG homologue. A plasmid which encoded the B. melitensis galE open reading frame complemented a galE mutation in Salmonella typhimurium LB5010, as shown by the restoration of smooth lipopolysaccharide (LPS) biosynthesis, sensitivity to phage P22 infection and restoration of UDP-galactose-4-epimerase activity. The galE gene on the B. melitensis 16M chromosome was disrupted by insertional inactivation and these mutants lacked UDP-galactose-4-epimerase activity but no discernible differences in LPS structure between parent and the mutants were observed. One B. melitensis 16M galE mutant, Bm92, was assessed for virulence in CD-1 and BALB/c mice and displayed similar kinetics of invasion and persistence in tissues compared with the parent bacterial strain. CD-1 mice immunised with B. melitensis 16M galE were protected against B. melitensis 16M challenge.     

一株鹅细小病毒全基因特征分析

根据GenBank登录的鹅细小病毒基因序列和基因组结构特征,采用PCR技术扩增获得一株鹅细小病毒株（Goose parvovirus,GoPV）全基因序列,为中国大陆地区首次报道。GoPV株病毒全基因大小为5106nt,其基因组5’端和3’端均含有相同的末端倒置重复序列（inverted terminal repeats, ITR）,ITR全长为444nt。GoPV基因组主要由左右两侧两个开放阅读框组成,左侧编码非结构蛋白（non-structureprotein,NS）NSl和NS2,右侧编码3种结构蛋白（viral structural protein,VP）VP1、VP2和VP3。NS基因全长为1884nt（537-2420nt）,其中NS2全长1356nt（1065～2420nt）;VP基因全长2199nt（2439-4637nt）,其中Ⅵ叼全长1764nt（2874-4637nt）,VP3全长1605nt（3033-4637nt）,在其右侧的ITR前有一个Poly（A）的尾。GoPV株病毒全基因和欧洲疫苗株（EU583392（VG32／1,Europe））核苷酸同源性最高,高达98．6％。本研究为进一步研究GPV分类地位以及进化关系提供依据,也为研究GPV强毒株和疫苗株之间生物学特性以及GPV治病机理和开发基因工程疫苗奠定基础。