鸡源株与人源株H9N2流感病毒血凝素受体结合位点氨基酸比较与分析

H19N2病毒可以感染多种禽类和哺乳动物，包括人类。流感病毒血凝素受体结合位点的氨基酸可以影响受体结合特性。为了解鸡源株与人源株H19N2病毒受体结合部氨基酸的差异，作者对二者进行了比较与分析，结果表明，鸡源株与人源株血凝素受体结合部位氨基酸的第137、183、190、226位点存在差异，鸡源株在这些位点分别为K、N、AorVorT、LorQ而人源株则分别为R、H、E、L。虽然尚不清楚这些位点的改变对病毒与细胞亲和力及宿主范围的影响，但由于H9N2在我国养鸡业的普遍存在，加强H9N2病毒的分子流行病学监测有重要意义。     

Effects of Thiopental, Ketamine, Diazepam, Xylazine, and Nitrous Oxide on EEG Spike Activity and Convulsive Behavior During Enflurane Anesthesia in Atropinized Cats Effect of Increasing Inhalant Concentrations

The effects of thiopental, ketamine, diazepam, xylazine, and nitrous oxide, and the combinations of thiopental-nitrous oxide and ketamine-nitrous oxide, on both enflurane-induced electroencephalographic (EEG) spike activity and convulsive behavior were measured quantitatively in atropinized cats receiving enflurane with controlled ventilation. Pretreatments with thiopental, ketamine, and diazepam reduced both EEG spike frequency and amplitude at 2.5% to 4.5% inspired enflurane but did not abolish spike activity. Nitrous oxide (66% of inspired gas) did not significantly alter spike frequency or amplitude during 2.5% to 4.5% inspired enflurane, but the combination of thiopental-nitrous oxide or ketamine-nitrous oxide reduced EEG spike activity during 2.5% inspired enflurane. Enflurane-induced convulsive score was markedly suppressed by thiopental and ketamine and was significantly reduced by diazepam, xylazine and nitrous oxide. The combinations of thiopental-nitrous oxide and ketamine-nitrous oxide greatly reduced behavioral-convulsive responses induced by 2.5% to 4.5% inspired enflurane.     

Pueruli of Panulirus longipes bispinosus (Crustacea, Decapoda, Palinuridae) stranded on the beach of Kuroshima Island, Ryukyu Archipelago, southern Japan

ABSTRACT: Stranded organisms were observed on the sandy beach of Kuroshima Island, Ryukyu Archipelago, in the early morning of 28 January 1993. Stranded organisms of 525 individuals were classified into 74 species. These organisms included 13 individuals of Panulirus pueruli, which were identical to P. longipes bispinosus. Kuroshima Island is located near Ishigakijima and Iriomote islands, Ryukyu Archipelago, where coral reefs develop. Coral reefs are common and develop in the Ryukyu Archipelago, southern Japan, with the exception of Yakushima and Tanegashima islands. Panulirus japonicus in Japanese waters has not been found in coral reef regions where P. longipes bispinosus are mainly found. The present study describes and identifies to species level puerulus specimens that were stranded on the beach of Kuroshima Island.     

家蚕肾形卵的荧光差异显示分析

Liang等建立的mRNA的荧光差异显示法 (flourescentdifferentialdisplay,FDD)具有高效、安全、有用信息多等特点。利用这一方法在mRNA水平上探讨了肾形卵 (ki)与正常卵在初期胚胎阶段的基因表达 ,回收了差异片段 10条 ,并对其差异进行了验证。其中之一的片段序列分析表明为低分子量热激蛋白基因 (smallheatshockgene)。     

Fatigue property of high-performance polyethylene netting twine

Tensile and knot fatigue property of high-performance polyethylene (HPPE), regular polyethylene (PE), nylon multifilament (PAmu), and nylon monofilament (PAmo) under cyclic loading conditions were investigated. The durability of HPPE under tensile fatigue testing was largest, followed by PAmo, PAmu and PE. In knot fatigue, the largest was PAmo, followed by HPPE, PAmu, and PE. High resistance by HPPE to the cyclic loads was also confirmed by scanning electron microscopy, which showed that HPPE suffered the least damage from abrasion compared with the other twines. From the measurement of elongation changes during the cyclic loading, HPPE had very small changes. The low elongation value of HPPE was probably the result of its better fatigue property because there was less damage from abrasion.     

DNA methylation analysis on satellite I region in blastocysts obtained from somatic cell cloned cattle

Many observations have been made on cloned embryos and on adult clones by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), but it is still unclear whether the progeny of cloned animals is presenting normal epigenetic status. Here, in order to accumulate the information for evaluating the normality of cloned cattle, we analyzed the DNA methylation status on satellite I region in blastocysts obtained from cloned cattle. Embryos were produced by artificial insemination (AI) to non‐cloned or cloned dams using semen from non‐cloned or cloned sires. After 7 days of AI, embryos at blastocyst stage were collected by uterine flushing. The DNA methylation levels in embryos obtained by using semen and/or oocytes from cloned cattle were similar to those in in vivo embryos from non‐cloned cattle. In contrast, the DNA methylation levels in SCNT embryos were significantly higher (P < 0.01) than those in in vivo embryos from non‐cloned and cloned cattle, approximately similar to those in somatic cells used as donor cells. Thus, this study provides useful information that epigenetic status may be normal in the progeny of cloned cattle, suggesting the normality of germline cells in cloned cattle.     

Prey selection of common minke (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) and Bryde's (Balaenoptera edeni) whales in the western North Pacific in 2000 and 2001

A study of common minke and Bryde's whales was conducted in the western North Pacific in the 2000 and 2001 summer seasons to estimate prey selection of cetaceans as this is an important parameter in ecosystem models. Whale sighting and sampling surveys and prey surveys using quantitative echosounder and mid‐water trawl were carried out concurrently in the study. Biomasses of Japanese anchovy, walleye pollock and krill, which were major prey species of common minke and Bryde's whales, were estimated using an echosounder. The results suggested that common minke whale showed prey selection for Japanese anchovy while they seemed to avoid krill in both the offshore and coastal regions and walleye pollock in the continental shelf region. Selection for shoaling pelagic fish was similar to that in the eastern North Atlantic. Bryde's whale showed selection for Japanese anchovy in August 2000 and July 2001, while it showed prey selection for krill in May and June in 2001.