广州地区观赏植物真菌病害鉴定初报

调查了广州地区常见观赏植物的真菌病害,通过镜检,初步鉴定出报春花灰霉病、鸡冠花根腐病、千日红叶斑病、绿巨人褐腐病、菊花黑斑病、红掌根腐病、红掌叶斑病、红掌炭疽病、桂花叶斑病、山茶灰斑病、海棠叶斑病、棕竹叶斑病、苏铁黑斑病、杜鹃叶斑病、散尾葵叶斑病、绿萝炭疽病、石斛兰白绢病、肉桂炭疽病等18种真菌病害的病原物。     

Relationship between phosphoglycerate kinase 1 and clinical features of prostate cancer and its role in prognosis

AIM: To study the expression and prognostic functions of phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (PGK1) in prostate cancer. METHODS: The prostatic samples were collected from the patients with prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in TCM-Integrated Hospital of Southern Medical University from Jan 2013 to Dec 2013. The protein expression of PGK1 in the prostate specimens was detected by immunohistochemical analysis and Western blot. Furthermore, the correlations of PGK1 expression with the clinicopathological features and prognosis of prostate cancer were also evaluate. RESULTS: The expression of PGK1 in the prostate specimens was significantly up-regulated compared with the BPH individuals. In addition, the expression of PGK1 was significantly correlated with the local infiltration, Gleason score, TNM grade, bone metastasis, and serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) concentration. Finally, bone metastasis, serum PSA level and PGK1 expression were independent risk factors for prostate cancer illustrated by Cox analysis, and high expression of PGK1 was correlated with poor prognosis. CONCLUSION: PGK1 expression is an independent risk factor for prostate cancer, and it might act as a prognostic biomarker for prostate cancer.     

辣椒新品种辣优4号的选育

辣优 4号是以湖南地方品种分离株Ⅱ经多代自交筛选纯化的优良自交系 33号椒为母本、以材料h7 1经多代单株自交筛选的优良自交系 30号椒为父本配制而成的辣味型一代杂种 ,熟性早 ,前期产量比对照品种湘研 1号增产 16 .5%～ 4 9.1%。一般产量 16 0 0～ 2 80 0kg·(6 6 7m2 ) - 1。田间表现抗疫病、青枯病和病毒病。结果性好 ,单果质量 35～ 50g ,果实长牛角形 ,果表面光滑 ,色绿 ,商品率高 ,品质优良。现已在广东、广西、江西、海南、湖南等地推广种植 ,面积达80 0hm2 。     

配方施肥对基质栽培樱桃番茄产量、品质和环境的影响

采用有机肥配方施肥和常规营养液基质栽培樱桃番茄的试验结果表明：采用鸡粪＋花生麸、鸡粪＋ 茶麸和鸡粪＋ 花生麸＋ 茶麸等有机肥的配方施肥,可提高樱桃番茄产量、改善品质、降低成本并增加收入;纯鸡粪处理较对照减产,鸡粪加少量复合肥则增产增收。鸡粪＋ 茶麸处理的灌溉排出液硝酸盐含量低,对环境无污染。     

快速测定动物组织中β-兴奋剂的新方法

用GC-MS(EI)建立一个快速、高灵敏度测定动物组织中β-兴奋剂的新方法。该法采用基质固相分散代替固相萃取、简化样品前处理,用程序升温汽化大体积进样在毛细管柱上实现100μL的进样量,使检出限降低2个数量级。对于加标浓度为0.05~25.0μg/kg的样品,回收率在94.82%~107.69%之间,变异系数<5.52%,盐酸克伦特罗和沙丁胺醇的检出限分别为0.0096μg/kg、0.0078μg/kg。     

苦瓜和菜豆种子的超干燥贮藏研究

本试验用氯化钙为干燥剂，将苦瓜种子合水量降至5.58％、4．09％、3．45％和2．71％，菜豆种子含水量降至7.44％、5．56％和4.55％。在室温下密闭贮存各批种子，6个月后检测种子生活力和活力，结果表明：低含水量的苦瓜种子生活力和活力保持较高水平，超干处理能够提高苦瓜种子的耐藏性：各批菜豆种子中，含水量为7．44％的种子生活力和活力最高，含水量低于5．56％的种子生活力和活力下降，因此，菜豆种子不宜进行超干燥贮存，但适度干燥有利于延长菜豆种子的贮藏寿命。     

骨粉和沸石对污染土壤中铅和镉生物有效性的影响

采用盆栽试验,在镉、铅污染的土壤中添加不同量的骨粉和沸石后种植菜心,在菜心收获期分别测定菜心生物量、镉和铅吸收量、土壤有效态镉和铅的含量、土壤pH值,分析不同用量的骨粉和沸石对污染土壤镉和铅生物有效性的影响。结果表明,添加骨粉处理均显著提高了土壤pH、EC及有效磷含量,显著降低了土壤中铅和镉的生物有效性和菜心中铅和镉的吸收量,以添加1%的骨粉处理效果最佳。     

三苄基杯[6]芳烃固相微萃取-气相色谱联用测定中草药中有机氯含量

采用三苄基杯[6]芳烃/羟基硅油(C[6]/OH-TSO)探头固相微萃取(SPME)与气相色谱(GC)联用测定中草药中有机氯农药的残留量。结果表明:萃取温度为70℃,时间为30 min,加入NaCl 2.0 g时,C[6]/OH-TSO探头对有机氯农药的萃取效果最佳。8种有机氯农药的加标回收率在88.56%~103.2%,相对标准偏差在6.23%~9.85%,能满足中草药中有机氯农药残留的检测要求。     

Aberrant SYK expression in cholangiocarcinoma and its effect on M2 macrophage polarization in tumor microenvironment

AIM To investigate the expression of spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) in 2 murine cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) progressive models and human CCA tissues, and to explore the effects of SYK expression on the polarization of M2 macrophages. METHODS SD rats were given drinking water containing thioacetamide (TAA) daily. BALB/c mice were treated with left median bile duct ligation combined with diethylnitrosamine (DEN) administration. The expression of SYK and M2 macrophage infiltration (CD163) in the animals and human CCA tissues were detected by immunohistochem?istry, and their correlation was analyzed. Ten SD rats, which were given drinking water containing TAA daily for 24 weeks, were randomly divided into control group (n=5) and SYK inhibitor group (n=5). After the rats received SYK inhibitor through gavage for 4 weeks, the effects of SYK inhibitor on tumor growth and macrophage polarization were analyzed. RESULTS The hepatic bile duct hyperplasia, dysplasia (or cholangioma), and CCA occurred at different time points in the rats and mice. During the development of CCA, SYK expression was gradually increased (P<0.01), accompanied by enhanced infiltration of M2 macrophages, while the M1 macrophages were decreased in the hepatic bile duct tissues (P<0.01). SYK and CD163 expression levels were significantly up-regulated (P<0.01), and a positive correlation (r=0.57, P<0.01) in human CCA tissues was observed. In the rat CCA model, the number of tumor nodules and infiltration of M2 macrophages in SYK inhibitor group were decreased compared with its control group (P<0.01). CONCLUSION In the murine CCA models, SYK expression was progressively increased during the evolution of CCA, which may promote tumor progression via the polarization of M2 macrophages, and SYK inhibitor effectively inhibits the tumor growth and M2 macrophage polarization in the rat CCA model.     

气相色谱法测定动物组织中氯霉素的残留量

采用气相色谱法测定鸡肉、猪肉、牛肉、猪肝、虾、鱼等动物组织样品中氯霉素的残留量，对行业标准进行部分改进，使方法检出限降低了2个数量级，扩大了方法适用范围，同时简化了样品前处理。氯霉素浓度在1．00-500μg／L范围内，衍生物的峰面积与氯霉素浓度呈良好的线性关系，回归方程为y=121．96x-212．06，相关系数大于0．9999。添加回收率在85．3％-103．8％之间，变异系数小于5．32％。对氯霉素的检出限低于0．1μg／kg，定量限为0．3μg/kg。