规模化猪场猪支原体肺炎控制及净化技术研究

在四川蒲江某规模化８养猪场 ,对该场的猪支原体肺炎采用以监测、免疫为主,隔离、治 疗、淘汰、消毒等综合防制技术进行控制与净化,对全场有猪支原体肺炎症状的猪及可疑病猪进行隔治疗,治愈后的猪经与易感猪同居感染不发病,分离猪肺炎支原体为阴性,试验表明治愈后的猪不带菌。对全场种猪和后备健康猪群进行猪支原体肺炎疫苗的免疫接种,经抗体监测和攻毒试验,免疫后２４０天猪支原体肺炎的ＩＨＡ抗体仍可达到１：１０,保护率     

强效艾美耳牌鸡球虫苗的免疫效果

在实验条件下,研究了强效艾美耳牌鸡球虫苗对平养鸡群的免疫效果。实验１比较了免疫鸡群和对照鸡群在接种后１、２、３、４、５、６周的肠道病变分,结果表明免疫鸡群较自然感染建立免疫的对照鸡群的免疫整齐度高,判断依据是免疫后２周盲肠细小、内容物亦少的眼观指标。实验２比较了免疫鸡群、不免疫不用药鸡群、不免疫用药鸡群在攻虫后的三处肠道病变,结果表明免疫鸡群对大剂量卵囊攻击有很强的抵抗力。实验３比较了免疫鸡群、不     

Assessment of the safety and immunogenicity of Rhodococcus equi-secreted proteins combined with either a liquid nanoparticle (IMS 3012) or a polymeric (PET GEL A) water-based adjuvant in adult horses and foals—Identification of promising new candidate antigens

Rhodococcus equi is the most common infectious cause of mortality in foals between 1 and 6 months of age. Because of an increase in the number of antibiotic-resistant strains, the optimization of a prophylactic strategy is a key factor in the comprehensive management of R. equi pneumonia.The objectives of this study were to assess the safety and immunogenicity of R. equi-secreted proteins (ReSP) co-administered with either the nanoparticular adjuvant Montanide? IMS 3012 VG, or a new polymeric adjuvant Montanide? PET GEL A, and to further investigate the most immunogenic proteins for subsequent immunization/challenge experiments in the development of a vaccine against rhodoccocal pneumonia. The approach involved two phases. The first phase aimed to investigate the safety of vaccination in six adult horses. The second phase aimed to determine the safety and immunogenicity of vaccination in twelve 3-week-old foals.We set out to develop a method based on ultrasound measurements for safety assessment in adult horses in order to evaluate any in situ changes at the injection site, in the skin or the underlying muscle, with quantitative and qualitative data revealing that administration of ReSP combined with the Pet Gel A adjuvant led to an increase in local inflammation, associated with 4- to 7-fold higher levels of anti-R. equi IgGa, IgGb and IgGT, compared to administration of ReSP associated with IMS 3012 adjuvant, but without any impact on animal demeanor. Investigations were then performed in foals with serological and clinical follow-up until 6 months of age. Interestingly, we observed in foals a much lower incidence of adverse local tissue reactions at the injection site than in adult horses, with transient and moderate swelling for the group that received ReSP combined with Pet Gel A. Immunized foals with Pet Gel A adjuvant exhibited a similar response in both IgGa and IgGT levels, but a lower response in IgGb levels, compared to adult horses, with a subisotype profile that may however reflect a bias favorable to R. equi resistance. From the crude extract of secreted proteins, dot-blot screening enabled identification of cholesterol oxidase, mycolyl transferase 3, and PSP (probable secreted protein) as the most immunogenic candidates. Taken together, these results are encouraging in developing a vaccine for foals.     

重庆某地仔猪免疫蓝耳病活疫苗的最适剂量筛选

本试验采用1、2、4头份免疫剂量对重庆市荣昌县不同地区的仔猪进行PRRS免疫,然后在免疫后28 d和60 d分别采取血清用ELISA检测免疫抗体水平。结果显示:免疫4头份的抗体阳性率最高,为100%;其次为2头份免疫,抗体阳性率为91.67%;而1头份免疫的抗体阳性率仅为50%。进一步测定抗体滴度,发现2头份、4头份剂量在28 d和60 d的抗体效果差异性不显著。综合考虑,注射2头份高致病性猪蓝耳病活疫苗的免疫效果最佳。     

转移因子对鸡传染性喉气管炎灭活疫苗作用的研究

用ILT油乳剂灭活疫苗免疫雏鸡和蛋鸡,同时实验组肌注TF,于免疫后不同时间用ILT种毒攻击,并测定蛋鸡的淋巴细胞转化率。结果试验组于免疫后第5d产生保护力,第9d产生全保护(对照组分别为7d和11d),雏鸡和蛋鸡的保护期可达90d及180d,蛋鸡免疫后7d的淋巴细胞转化率达高峰48.7%,而对照组的为14d和38.5%,90d时分别为36.3%和28.5%。表明TF能提高ILT灭活疫苗的免疫效果,提高蛋鸡的细胞免疫机能,经统计学检验,对雏鸡免疫保护力无显著差异,而蛋鸡的差异显著(P<0.05)。     

植物基因工程疫苗研究进展与前景展望

可口服免疫(oralimmunization)绿色疫苗(greenvaccine)研究是植物基因工程与分子医学相结合而发展起来的新的研究方向。对当前植物基因工程疫苗的研究方法、疫苗的作用机理进行介绍,总结近10年来国内外植物基因工程疫苗研究进展,并对未来发展做出展望。     

猪瘟兔化弱毒疫苗与我国近年猪瘟野毒的免疫保护相关性试验

２批猪瘟兔化毒睾丸细胞苗分别来自两家兽医生物药品厂，各分别免疫接种猪只，随后以５株猪瘟病毒野毒分别攻击，疫苗接种猪完全存活，对照猪完全死亡。此５株野毒分离自国内不同地区，并皆已经过细致的鉴定，以免疫荧光技术对猪扁桃体进行了活体检查，各对照猪材料上能在攻击后一周时出现病毒，而疫苗接种猪在整个观察期间未出现病毒，据此，显然可见猪瘟兔化毒细胞苗在预防国内猪瘟上极有效力     

大肠杆菌耐热性肠毒素Ⅰ融合基因的构建及其免疫原性研究

用限制性核酸内切酶ＢａｍＨＩ和Ｂｇ１Ⅱ双酶切质粒ｐＢＳＴ２－６，获得了大肠杆菌耐热性肠毒素Ⅰ（ＳＴ１）基因，再将含ＬａｃＺ基因（编码β－半乳糖苷酶）的载体ｐＵＣ１８用ＢａｍＨＩ酶切、碱性磷酸酶处理，然后与ＳＴ１基因通过Ｔ４ＤＮＡ连接酶连接，转化至受体菌ＤＨ５α中。通过菌落原位杂交筛选，共筛选出５３个ＳＴ１基因探针杂交阳性的重组子，对其中一个重组子ＤＨ５α（ｐＸＳＴ１）进行限制性核酸内切酶酶切分析和核苷酸序列分析，证明重组质粒ｐＸＳＴ１含有２个正向串连在一起的ＳＴ１基因，而且融合在ＬａｃＺ基因的上游，具有正确的阅读框架。又ＤＨ５α（ｐＸＳＴ１）菌株能在含Ｘ－Ｇａｌ的ＬＢ平板上长成蓝色菌落，而且ＥＬＩＳＡ也检测到ＳＴ１融合蛋白，这表明该菌株能表达具有β－半乳糖苷酶活性的大肠杆菌ＳＴ１—β－半乳糖苷酶融合蛋白。免疫实验结果表明，重组菌株ＤＨ５α（ｐＸＳＴ１）安全无毒，表达的ＳＴ１融合蛋白能够诱发ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ鼠产生抗体，该抗体具有中和天然ＳＴ１肠毒素的毒性作用，这表明ＤＨ５α（ｐＸＴ１）可以作为预防幼畜腹泻的菌苗候选株。     

Effects of immunization of Pelibuey lambs with Oestrus ovis digestive tract protein extracts on larval establishment and development

Larval midgut proteins of hematophagous parasites contain strong antigens that can be used for host immunization. This concept has been applied for immunization of Pelibuey sheep against Oestrus ovis L. (Diptera: Oestridae). The aim of this study was to examine the effect of immunization on larval establishment (LE) and development. Immunized lambs (I, n = 6) received two injections of crude gut membrane protein extracts (GMPE) from third instar larvae with Freund's incomplete adjuvant (FIA) on days 0 (Day of first immunization) and 21 (0.4 and 0.45 mg GMPE/lamb, respectively). The control group (C, n = 5) received physiological saline with FIA. Lambs were challenged with first instars on Day 29 (20 larvae) and Day 43 (25 larvae). Blood samples were collected biweekly and IgG titers were analyzed by ELISA. All lambs were slaughtered on Day 90 and number of larvae recovered, larval stage and larval weight were recorded at necropsy. No significant effect of immunization on LE (C = 28.9%; I = 31.0% P > 0.05) was observed. Antibody titers were higher in the immunized group on Day 28 (P < 0.05), but subsequently similar in both groups. Larval physiological age and weight were also significantly (P < 0.05) affected by immunization. Immunization of Pelibuey lambs with GMPE did not affect LE but did delay O. ovis larval development.     

Lambs immunized with an inactivated variant of Anaplasma phagocytophilum

Background

Anaplasma phagocytophilum (formerly Ehrlichia phagocytophila) is an obligate intracellular bacterium causing the disease tick-borne fever (TBF) in domestic ruminants. An effective vaccine against the infection has been demanded for livestock by sheep farmers and veterinary practitioners for years.

Findings

In the present study, we immunized lambs with an inactivated suspension of 1 × 10⁸ killed A. phagocytophilum organisms mixed with adjuvant (Montanide ISA 61VG; Seppic). Twelve 9-months-old lambs of the Norwegian White Sheep breed were used. A full two-dose series of immunization was given subcutaneously to six lambs with a 4 week interval between injections. One month after the last immunization, all lambs were challenged with the homologous viable variant of A. phagocytophilum. After challenge, all lambs showed clinical responses for several days, although the immunized lambs reacted with an anamnestic response, i.e. significant reduction in infection rate and a significantly higher antibody titer.

Conclusion

Immunization with inactivated A. phagocytophilum did not protect lambs TBF.