蜂胶高生物活性黄酮组分的研究

本文探讨了蜂胶总黄酮中最具活性的黄酮类物质的提取分离、官能结构特征与功能关系、可能的功效,进而提出了如何看待蜂胶总黄酮含量高低的问题.     

蜂胶抗炎功效成分研究

为确定中国杨属型蜂胶的抗炎功效成分,用100ng/ml脂多糖(LPS)和40μg/ml氧化型低密度脂蛋白(ox-LDL)分别诱导脐静脉血管内皮细胞(HUVECs)损伤。通过SRB法分别检测蜂胶水提物中分离的11种组分和蜂胶乙酸乙酯提取物中分离的8段组分对2种炎症细胞模型细胞存活率的影响。结果表明:蜂胶水提物中的11种组分不同程度的促进2种炎症细胞的细胞存活率,乙酸乙酯提取物中的8段组分也是不同程度的提高2种炎症细胞的细胞存活率。由此可知,蜂胶的抗炎功效成分十分复杂,很可能是多种成分协同功效的结果,而且酚酸类物质发挥了一定的作用。     

Evaluation of the carryover effect of antibiotic,bee pollen and propolis on growth performance,carcass traits and splenic and hepatic histology of growing rabbits

Sixty‐four nulliparous female rabbits were distributed among eight groups (eight animals/group). Group one was the unsupplemented control group; the other seven groups were supplemented with zinc bacitracin (ZnB) at 100 mg, or bee pollen (BP) and/or propolis (Pro) at 150 and 300 mg in a capsulated form, three times a week, day after day, continuously all over the experimental period. The experiment was run for eight parties; at each parity, 28 kids of each doe group (a total of 224 rabbits) were divided into two subgroups weaned, respectively, at 24 and 30 days of age. Thus, for each parity, there were 16 groups (eight does treatments × two weaning age, 14 rabbits per group). The growing rabbits fed the standard diets without supplements. The growth performance, the carcass traits, the liver and the spleen histology of rabbits were checked up to 90 days of age to find possible carryover effects of the supplements. The supplements had no significant effect on most of the growth performance at 90 days of age, but BP150 and BP+Pro300 increased the growth rate in comparison with ZnB group. The liver weight in the control, BP300 and Pro300 groups was higher than the ZnB one. The spleen weight was higher in the groups ZnB, BP150, Pro300 and BP+Pro300, followed by the control, BP300 and BP+Pro150 and thus Pro150. The heart % in the BP150 and Pro300 groups was higher than ZnB and BP+Pro150 groups. A lymphoid hyperplasia of splenic white pulp was observed in the BP+Pro groups, while propolis alone showed a mild activation of lymphobiosis. The Pro and BP groups showed the same picture of the control group exhibiting a hydropic degeneration of mostly hepatic cells, while the ZnB group exhibited adverse effect on the bile ducts featuring portal periductal inflammatory cells infiltration with epithelial hyperplasia reflecting chronic cholangitis.     

Bee pollen and propolis as dietary supplements for rabbit: Effect on reproductive performance of does and on immunological response of does and their offspring

To evaluate the effect of bee pollen (BP) and/or propolis (Pro) supplementation on rabbit does, 64 nulliparous NZW rabbits does were distributed among eight groups (eight animals/group). One unsupplemented group was the control; the other seven groups were supplemented, respectively, with zinc bacitracin (ZnB) at 100 mg, BP at 150 and 300 mg, Pro at 150 and 300 mg, BP+Pro at 150 and 300 mg of each three times/week, day after day continuously along eight parities. The BP300, Pro300 and BP+Pro150 groups had higher body weight of litter at birth and number of kids born alive. The BP supplementation at 150 mg increased plasma total protein and albumin than the control group. The BP or Pro at 150 mg decreased plasma T₃ than the other groups except for BP+Pro150. The ZnB group had significantly greater T₃/T₄ ratio compared to BP, Pro and BP+Pro at 150 mg. The BP+Pro150 group had less ALT than the control; BP300 and Pro 300 mg resulted in lower plasma AST than the groups Pro150 with or without BP and the control group. The plasma alkaline phosphatase of BP at 150 or 300 mg and BP+Pro150 was significantly greater than that of the Pro150 group. The BP+Pro300 group had higher WBCs than the other groups. In contrast, the lymphocytes were greater in the Pro and BP+Pro300 groups than in BP, Pro and BP+Pro at 150 mg. The groups supplemented with BP and BP+Pro at 150 and 300 mg had significantly greater SRBCs of doe rabbits and their offspring compared to the control and the ZnB group. The BP at 300 mg increased the serum albumin and α₁‐globulin than the control group. The Pro300 group had greater serum α₂‐globulin and β‐globulin than the control group. The total globulin was significantly greater for the 300 mg propolis‐supplemented groups than the control.     

鸡大肠杆菌病中草药佐剂多价灭活苗的研制——Ⅰ、疫苗生产工艺

采用鸡大肠杆菌多发病型菌株以及地方病型菌株作为制苗用菌种，保证了疫苗既具有一定的广谱性，又具有一定的特异性；采用液体通气培养方法，在一定程度上提高了菌数；采用中草药蜂胶作为佐剂不但可有效地提高机体的免疫功能，同时兼具有治疗，保健和促生长作用，另外蜂胶还可以增大抗原表面积，延长抗原在组织的贮存时间，可持久地释放抗原，保证了机体持续产生高效价抗体。     

瑞博·康思农蜂胶片对小鼠B细胞生成抗体的影响

将蜂胶片剂分成低、中、高剂量,分别对受试动物昆明小鼠进行实验,研究了蜂胶片对小鼠B细胞分化产生抗体能力的提高效果。试验结果表明,瑞博·康思农蜂胶片有明显增强B细胞产生抗体细胞的效果,具有增加机体免疫力的效果。     

新城疫（ND）—减蛋综合征（EDS76）蜂胶二联灭活疫苗的研制Ⅰ．制苗工艺、疫苗安全性和免疫原性试验

将新城疫病毒（NDV）Colon-30株和减蛋综合征病毒（EDS76AV）－127株分别接种于非免疫鸡胚和鸭胚，制备抗原液。抗原液经甲醛灭活后，与纯化的天然免疫增强剂蜂胶乳化，制成鸡新城疫（ND）－减蛋综合征（EDS76）蜂胶二联灭活疫苗，对疫苗的安全性和免疫原性进行了测定。对3－6周龄易感雏鸡以2倍使用剂量肌内注射，安全性良好；对1日龄雏鸡接种1个使用剂量进行急性毒性试验。15d生长曲线表明，对雏难 影响。对6周龄雏鸡注射1个使用剂量，每批疫苗免疫10只鸡，免疫后5－32d，鸡血清中EDS76血凝抑制（HI）抗体的几何平均滴度（GMT）为6．5－11．8log2,ND血凝抑制（HI）抗体的几何平均滴度（GMT）为4．8－9．8log2；对ND免疫攻毒试验表明，3批疫苗，每羽份含有的半数保护量（PD50）分别为≥127、≥131和≥127。     

保存条件对禽霍乱蜂胶灭活菌苗免疫效果与超微结构的影响

禽霍乱蜂胶灭活菌苗在－１５℃保存２４个月，４～８℃保存１８个月，１０～１５℃保存１２个月，２０～３０℃保存６个月，其免疫效果均基本不变。在－８０℃以下结冰再融化后，其超微结构无明显变化。－１０～－１５℃时不结冰，菌苗的理化性状与超微结构不发生改变。在４℃及２０℃室温条件下保存１２个月，菌苗的理化性状与超微结构亦无明显变化。证明该菌苗具有独特稳定的内部结构，范围广泛的保存温度，易于长期保存等特点。     

蜂胶的作用及其在猪生产中的应用

本文主要介绍了蜂胶的作用及其在猪生产中的应用。     

蜂胶的免疫增强作用及其在疫苗中的应用

蜂胶极其复杂的化学成分，决定了它具有广泛的生物学作用。其中，蜂胶具有抗菌、抗病毒及增强机体免疫功能等作用；蜂胶颗粒能与抗原相互交联成类免疫刺激复合物（ISCOM）结构，具有抗原“仓库”和免疫刺激复合物作用；蜂胶本身没有抗原性，但可起到免疫佐剂的作用，促进抗体的生成；这些作用及其间的协同作用决定了蜂胶是一种天然的免疫增强剂。自20世纪60年代以来，蜂胶的免疫增强作用及其在疫苗佐剂中的研究不断深入，并取得了满意效果,这为新型而有效疫苗的研制和开发提供一些理论指导。