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Rahmi?Ayd?nEmail author Kenan?K?prücü Mustafa?D?rücü Sibel??im?ek?K?prücü Murat?Pala 《Aquaculture International》2005,13(5):451-458
In this study, the toxic effects on the embryos and larvae of the common carp were used as a model to investigate the synthetic pyrethroid pesticide, cypermethrin, which contaminates aquatic ecosystems. Data obtained from the cypermethrin acute toxicity tests were evaluated using the Probit Analysis Statistical Method. The control and eight test experiments were repeated five times. The number of dead embryos significantly increased in response to cypermethrin concentrations 0.0001, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1, 2, 4 and 8 μg l−1 (p<0.05 for each case). The 48 h LC50 value (with 95% confidence limits) of cypermethrin for common carp embryos was estimated at 0.909 (0.256–5.074) μg l−1. Dose–response decreases in hatching success were recorded as 87.4, 85.0, 80.2, 71.4, 56.3, 48.6, 38.8 and 23.5%, respectively. The lowest concentration of cypermethrin (0.0001 μg l−1) produced a significant increase in the number of dead larvae compared to the control group (p<0.05). The number of dead larvae significantly increased with increasing cypermethrin concentrations exposed for 1–96 h (p<0.05). The highest concentration (8 μg l−1) showed the highest larvae mortality. The 96 h LC50 value (with 95% confidence limits) of cypermethrin for common carp larvae was estimated at 0.809 (0.530–1.308) μg l−1. The results of the study suggest that low levels of cypermethrin in the aquatic environment may have a significant effect on the reproduction and development of carp. 相似文献
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AIM:To study the effects of synthetic kainic acid (SKA) and 1-heptanol (1-Hep), a gap junction blocker, on the cytoskeletal filament expression in the astrocytes. METHODS:The neonatal rat brain was obtained from the Wistar rats (1 day old) and primary purified astrocytes were obtained by differential attachment for removing filamentoblasts and orbital shaker for removing the oligodendrocytes. The effects of SKA and other interventions on the morphologic changes and expression levels of skeleton protein filamentous actin (F-actin) were observed in the astrocytes after 24 h of the exposures by laser scanning confocal microscopy. The effect of 1-Hep on the expression of F-actin was also explored. RESULTS:Compared with control group, the fluorescence intensities in KCl group and KCl+SKA group were increased, and highly increased in KCl+SKA group. The F-actin filaments in the above 2 groups were more intensive, thickened and concentrated than those in control group, and more obvious in KCl+SKA group. l-Hep significantly decreased the expression of F-actin in KCl group and KCl+SKA group as compared with control group, and parts of the filamentous fracture were seen in the astrocytes in all 1-Hep-treated groups, in which some of the filamentous lines were crosscut. CONCLUSION:Increase in the expression of F-actin in the astrocytes affects the structure and function of the intercellular gap junctions, which may be involved in the mechanism of SKA-induced epilepsy. 相似文献
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为有效利用人工合成六倍体小麦种质资源,拓宽现有种质基础,从国际玉米小麦改良中心引进35份人工合成六倍体小麦,对其株高、穗下节长、穗下茎长、穗长、旗叶面积、分蘖数、穗粒数、生物量、收获系数、产量和千粒重11个主要农艺性状和产量性状,以及籽粒水分含量、蛋白含量、面筋含量、淀粉含量、纤维素含量、硬度、SDS沉降值和Zeleny沉降值8个品质指标进行综合评价。结果表明,这批材料的农艺和产量性状变异系数为7.46%~32.29%,平均为15.36%;多样性指数(H′)为1.85~2.04,平均为1.98。品质性状的变异系数为2.80%~17.55%,平均为10.19%;多样性指数的变化范围为1.87~2.04,平均为1.96。主成分分析表明,前5个主成分构成的信息量为总信息量的82.84%。聚类后方差分析可将材料分为4个类群,类群Ⅲ的产量等相关性状较高,类群Ⅳ的蛋白质含量、纤维含量、面筋含量、硬度和SDS沉降值最高。这批材料的农艺性状、产量和品质性状变异程度大,遗传类型丰富,可作为种质资源加以利用。 相似文献
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为了解人工合成六倍体小麦(Synthetic hexapliod wheats,SHW)导入对普通小麦品质的影响及其潜在利用价值,2004~2005年,对重组近交系群体(人工合成六倍体小麦Syn-CD780×普通小麦品种CY12)的主要品质指标进行了检测.结果表明,籽粒硬度、籽粒蛋白质含量、降落值、湿面筋含量、吸水率、形成时间和稳定时间等7个品质参数的群体平均值都介于两个亲本之间,只有降落值和面团稳定时间2个参数的群体平均值高于Syn-CD780.在131个株系中,有15个株系的综合品质指标较为突出.非遮雨处理的籽粒硬度和吸水率显著低于遮雨处理,而籽粒蛋白质含量、降落值、湿面筋含量和稳定时间等4个品质指标则相反,表明遮雨与否对小麦品质参数的影响较大.Syn-CD780在小麦品质改良上有一定的潜在利用价值. 相似文献
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工厂化代料栽培花菇技术研究初报 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文主要研究工厂化代料栽培花菇技术,根据花菇成因及香菇菌丝生长、原基分化、花菇形成三个阶段所要求的生态条件不同,分别按三个阶段设计了培养室、催蕾室、催化室,利用设施人工调控工艺条件,进行菌丝培养、催蕾和催花管理,使花菇产量和质量大大提高,小试获得了80%的花菇率,比室外高棚层架方式提高近1倍。 相似文献
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直接催化水合法合成龙脑新工艺中试 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本文报道了直接催化水合法合成龙脑新工艺的工业化中试工作,叙述了基本的工艺流程、主要设备及工艺技术条件,并对产品成本进行了估算。中试结果表明,该工艺是一项具有良好工业化前途的、生产优质龙脑的新工艺。 相似文献
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Protoporphyrinogen oxidase (Protox) of Myxococcus xanthus (Mx Protox) is a 49-kDa membrane protein that catalyzes conversion of protoporphyrinogen IX (Protogen IX) into protoporphyrin IX (Proto IX). Upon heterologous expression in transgenic rice plants, Mx Protox is dually targeted into plastids and mitochondria, increasing resistance against the herbicidal Protox inhibitor oxyfluorfen. Here, we describe the chemical synthesis of the Mx Protox gene by assembling several small synthetic DNA fragments derived by ligation-PCR. Codon usage in the resulting 1416-bp gene was modified to correspond to that of the Arabidopsis Protox gene, a change that resulted in a decrease in G+C content from 71 to 49%. The modified Mx Protox gene was used to generate transgenic rice plants via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Integration, expression, and inheritance of the transgenes were demonstrated by Southern, Northern, and Western blot analyses. In plants transformed with the modified, low G+C-content Mx Protox gene, levels of Protox expression and enzyme activity were low compared to the levels observed for plants transformed with the native Mx Protox gene. Nonetheless, like the native gene, the modified gene conferred a high level of resistance to the herbicide oxyfluorfen in a seedling growth test. 相似文献
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Maysoon M. Mikha Augustine K. Obour Johnathon D. Holman 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2018,49(16):1953-1975
Long-term studies are valuable in assessing the impact of crop management practices on soil sustainability and function. This study used two calculation scenarios, fixed depth and Equivalent Soil Mass (ESM) to assess (i) soil nutrient status and (ii) soil organic carbon (SOC) after 50 years of nitrogen (N) fertilizer application rates (0, 22, 45, and 67 kg N ha?1) and tillage [clean tillage (CT), reduced tillage (RT), and no-tillage (NT)] in a dryland winter wheat-sorghum-fallow cropping system. The soil organic matter (SOM) content increased by 33% with NT and RT compared with CT. The SOC at 0–30 cm was 39% greater than 30–60 cm depth with both fixed depth and ESM calculations. Soil nutrient specifically soil calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and phosphorus (P) associated with N rates were no different than the control. Crop nutrient removal may eventually reduce soil nutrient contents with only N application. Nutrient addition specifically P should be considered in the future. 相似文献