猪瘟不同顺序零天免疫的免疫效果比较

以猪瘟兔化弱毒细胞苗分别免疫3组初生仔猪，每头1．5头剂。第1组20头先免疫，1小时后吸初乳。第2组15头，吸初乳后1小时免疫。每3组13头，吸初乳后半小时免疫。75日龄，以猪瘟弱毒单抗酶联方法测定3组动物的平均抗体（OD值）分别为0．25、0．23及0．21。80日龄，每组各随机抽出4头猪，连同非免疫对照猪6头以猪瘟石门系强毒攻击后，对照猪全死，第1组100％保护，第2组75％保护，第3组50％保护。第1组的免疫效果明显优于其他两组。     

牛双胎的研究与应用

牛双胎可显著的提高生产效率，对母牛和犊牛没有明显的不良影响，不利之处是异性双胎造成母犊不孕、。双胎是可以遗传的，双亲的影响较大；不同品种间的双胎率差异显著；另外胎次、季节、营养均影响双胎率。目前常用的提高双胎率的方法是通过遗传选择、激素诱导、激素免疫、胚胎移植等方法。但如果结合标记辅助选择法（MAS）、性别控制、及转基因与克隆技术将有助于快速提高双胎率，提高生产效益。     

Immunisation against Panleucopenia: Early development of immunity

The time necessary to obtain the immunity of cats against Panleucopenia has been studied by means of a modified live vaccine.

This vaccine makes it possible to obtain a very early post-vaccinal immunity: the full immunity is reached 72 hr after the inoculation of the vaccine by the subcutaneous route.

Furthermore, we have demonstrated that a sensitive kitten can be admitted in a contaminated environment immediately after vaccination without showing any clinical evidence of the disease.     

Immunity to chlamydial infections in mice—I. Establishment of quantitative techniques

Some methods for quantitative measurement of immunity to chlamydial pneumonia in laboratory mice were evaluated. Death, and histopathological grading of lung changes were quantifiable responses, but lung impression smears stained for chlamydia were not     

A Randomized Clinical Trial Evaluating Metabolism of Colostral and Plasma Derived Immunoglobulin G in Jersey Bull Calves

Background

Intravenous plasma administration has been recommended in healthy or sick calves with failure of passive immunity.

Hypothesis

IV administered plasma‐derived immunoglobulin G (IgG) undergoes increased catabolism as reflected by a rapid decrease in serum IgG concentration with an increase in fecal IgG concentrations within 48 h.

Animals

Thirty newborn Jersey calves. Fifteen were fed colostrum (CL group) and 15 were given bovine plasma IV (PL group).

Materials and Methods

Randomized clinical trial. Calves in the CL group were fed 3 L of colostrum once, by oroesophageal tubing. Calves in the PL group were given plasma IV at a dosage of 34 mL/kg. Serum and fecal samples were collected at 0 h, 6 h, 12 h, 48 h, 5 d, and 7 d. Serum and fecal IgG concentrations were determined by radial immunodiffusion.

Results

Calves in the CL group maintained serum IgG concentrations consistent with adequate transfer of immunity (≥1,000 mg/dL) throughout the study period. Calves in the PL group achieved median IgG concentrations of ≥1,000 mg/dL at 6 h but the concentrations were <1,000 mg/dL by 12 h. Calves in the PL group were 5 times more likely to experience mortality compared to the CL group (hazard ratio = 5.01). Fecal IgG concentrations were not different between the 2 groups during the first 48 h (P > .05).

Conclusions and Clinical Importance

Catabolism of plasma derived IgG occurs rapidly during the first 12 h after transfusion. Fecal excretion did not explain the fate of the plasma derived IgG.     

特异性抗体对新城疫疫苗免疫原性的影响研究

对特异性抗体对新城疫活疫苗和灭活疫苗免疫原性的影响进行了研究。鸡源抗体与Ⅰ系苗制备的复合物(ND-IC)对有、无抗体的1,28日龄雏鸡安全,能诱导产生良好的免疫应答,免疫14d后获得完全的攻毒保护;18日龄鸡胚免疫接种后不影响孵化率和8日龄内雏鸡的死亡率,14日龄小鸡血清抗体滴度在5log2(HI)左右及获得80％～100％的攻毒保护率。特异性抗体与灭活病毒混合后制备的油佐剂苗免疫1,28日龄鸡,血清抗体水平高于传统油佐剂苗,且免疫原性不受母源抗体的影响。以上结果表明,鸡源特异性抗体能提高Ⅰ系苗的安全性,而不影响免疫原性;对灭活抗原具有免疫增强作用。     

杜仲大蒜复方添加剂对草鱼免疫力的影响

[目的]探究杜仲提取物与大蒜素复方作为饲料添加剂对鱼类免疫力的影响,为该复方制剂作为抗病促生长的饲料添加剂在渔业生产中使用提供依据。[方法]分别用含0.08%杜仲提取物、0.08%大蒜素、0.04%、0.08%、0.12%杜仲大蒜复方制剂的饲料添加剂的饲料饲养草鱼50 d后,测定各组草鱼的生长速度及荧光假单胞菌活菌攻毒后的免疫保护力,并测定草鱼血液中白细胞的吞噬活性及血清中的凝集抗体效价。[结果]结果表明:饲料中添加杜仲提取物、大蒜素和复方制剂均能明显提高草鱼的免疫应答水平,增强抗细菌感染能力,促进草鱼的生长;适量添加杜仲大蒜复方制剂对于提高草鱼的免疫力较单方具有协同增效作用。[结论]该研究为研制微量高效的鱼类用复方中草药饲料添加剂奠定了基础。     

中草药方剂对鸡传染性法氏囊病的治疗及免疫试验

按中兽医学理论,针对鸡传染性法氏囊病研制成中草药方剂进行治疗和免疫试验。结果表明,该方剂对鸡传染性法氏囊病有很好的治疗作用,治愈率在89%以上;并能促进小白鼠淋巴细胞玫瑰花结形成,增强机体免疫功能。     

日粮中添加氨基酸络合锌、铜、锰对蛋鸡产蛋性能、免疫及组织抗氧化机能的影响

试验选择216只3周龄海兰褐蛋鸡，随机分成3个处理组：A组蛋鸡饲喂生产中实用日粮(Zn、Cu、Mn分别为60、10、60mg／kg)；B组日粮为在A水平的基础上添加硫酸锌、铜和锰；C组日粮为在A的基础上添加氨基酸锌、铜、锰。B和C日粮组锌、铜、锰的添加水平分别为100、17、100mg／kg。结果表明，在实用日粮基础上增加有机微量元素锌、铜、锰能提高蛋鸡的存活率和鸡蛋品质，改善细胞免疫和体液免疫，增强肝脏和脾脏组织抗氧化能力，而增加相同剂量的无机盐对上述指标无明显有益的影响。     

Mineral testing — The approach depends on what you want to find out

Extract

Comments have been made by veterinary practitioners and farmers on the appropriateness of the MAF Quality Management animal health laboratory mineral reference ranges. These ranges are designed to determine if a group of animals will respond to supplementation at the time of sampling. There are other reasons for sampling animals and this will affect the way these ranges are interpreted. We consider this fact is not clearly understood and is at least part of the reason for the questions being asked.