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芽孢杆菌是一类抗性强耐高温的细菌,部分芽孢杆菌有益生作用,在动物肠道内能有效抑制病原菌,促进肠道有益菌的繁殖,维持动物肠道内的微生态平衡。本试验从引进的饲料样品中分离出4株杆菌,分别命名为YB-1、YB-2、YB-3和YB-4,通过表型鉴定及16S-rRNA测序鉴定,YB-1为苏云金芽孢杆菌、YB-2、YB-4为枯草芽孢杆菌、YB-3为蜡样芽胞杆菌。16S-rRNA序列同源分析结果表明:YB-2、YB-4与枯草芽孢杆菌亚种的同源性分别为99.91%和100%;YB-1与苏云金芽孢杆菌亚种的同源性为99.17%,YB-3与蜡样芽胞杆菌亚种的同源性为100%,从样品中分离出两株枯草芽孢杆菌,一株苏云金芽孢杆菌和一株蜡样芽胞杆菌。 相似文献
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枯草芽孢杆菌的分离筛选 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文基于从秸秆垛底层土壤中分离枯草芽孢杆菌的目的,为发酵秸秆提供菌株,从陕西杨凌农村秸秆垛中采取底层土样并进行分离。分离出11株菌,经过形态特征、生理生化特征等方法从中分离初步鉴定了3株疑似菌株。经对液态发酵条件的优化,对3株疑似菌进行液态发酵试验,以粗蛋白和粗纤维含量为标准,筛选出一株发酵效果最好的菌株b-1进行了16SrDNA序列分析,最终鉴定b-1菌株为枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis),其同源性≥99%。 相似文献
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为得到稳定性高、抗逆性强的枯草芽孢杆菌,试验从健康牦牛的新鲜粪便中分离、纯化枯草芽孢杆菌,分离出4株枯草芽孢杆菌。之后进行形态学鉴定、多项生化鉴定、琼脂糖凝胶电泳试验。结果表明,革兰氏染色为蓝色棒状或杆状菌,生化鉴定符合枯草芽孢杆菌生化反应,确定为枯草芽孢杆菌,编号为BS-1,BS-2,BS-3,BS-4。通过耐胆盐、耐高温等耐受性试验,结果显示,BS-3整体耐受特性最好,在4株菌株中稳定性最高、抗逆性最强。结合试验目的,推断BS-3作为枯草芽孢杆菌益生菌制剂潜力较高。 相似文献
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基于16S rRNA基因的枯草芽孢杆菌PCR快速检测方法的建立 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
参照GenBank中登录的枯草芽孢杆菌16S rRNA基因,设计1对引物,扩增片段大小为460bp的基因片段,该方法对枯草芽孢杆菌检测的灵敏性为1pg总DNA量,对枯草芽孢杆菌DNA的扩增结果为阳性,对照菌株扩增结果均为阴性,成功地建立了枯草芽孢杆菌PCR检测方法。该方法具有快速、灵敏度高、特异性强等优点,为枯草芽孢杆菌的分离及鉴定奠定了良好的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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This experiment was aimed to study the nutritional content and value of the muscles of two mallards (White feather mallard and mallard),and provide basic data and theoretical basis for the development and utilization of mallard meat products.60 White feathered mallards and mallards (30 for each breed,half of male and female) were chosen,and the composition and content of pectoral muscle crude protein,crude fat,cholesterol,amino acids,fatty acids,trace elements and vitamins were determined according to national standards and the nutritional values of muscle were evaluated.The results showed that the content of crude protein in muscle of White feather mallard was significantly lower than that of mallard (P<0.05).17 kinds of amino acids with contents higher than 0.01% were detected in the muscles of the two kinds of mallards,among which the contents of threonine,histidine,serine and proline in the muscles of the White feather mallard were significantly higher than those of mallard (P<0.05).The contents of lysine,glutamate and arginine were significantly lower than those of mallard (P<0.05).13 kinds of fatty acids with contents higher than 0.01% were detected,and the contents of stearic acid and oleic acid were significantly lower than those of the mallard.9 mineral elements (sodium,magnesium,potassium,calcium,manganese,iron,copper,zinc and selenium) in two kinds of mallards were detected,and there was no significant difference between the two kinds of mallards (P>0.05).8 kinds of vitamins were detected,and the content of vitamin B1 in muscle of White feather mallard was significantly higher than that of mallard (P<0.05),but the contents of vitamin D and vitamin E were significantly lower than that of mallard (P<0.05).The ratio of amino acids in muscle of two kinds of mallards was close to the ideal model recommended by WHO,which was rich in mineral elements and vitamins for human body,and had a broad prospect of development and utilization. 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒R株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离MG,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离MG。结果表明,人工感染48小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,96小时气囊已被感染,120小时输卵管已能分离到MG,卵巢始终分离不到MG。人工感染鸡自144小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出MG。药物治疗能在72小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需24天后逐渐降低蛋内MG分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内MG,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究两种绿头鸭(白羽绿头鸭和绿头鸭)肌肉营养组成和价值,为绿头鸭肉产品的开发利用提供基础数据和理论依据。选择白羽绿头鸭和绿头鸭60只(每个品种各30只,公母各半),依照国家标准测定胸肌粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、胆固醇含量及氨基酸、脂肪酸、微量元素和维生素的组成和含量,并对胸肌进行氨基酸评价及脂肪酸营养价值评价。结果显示,白羽绿头鸭肌肉粗蛋白质含量显著低于绿头鸭(P<0.05);两种绿头鸭肌肉中均检测到17种含量大于0.01%的氨基酸,其中白羽绿头鸭肌肉苏氨酸、组氨酸、丝氨酸和脯氨酸含量显著高于绿头鸭(P<0.05),赖氨酸、谷氨酸和精氨酸含量显著低于绿头鸭(P<0.05);检测到13种含量均大于0.01%的脂肪酸,其中白羽绿头鸭硬脂酸和油酸含量显著低于绿头鸭(P<0.05);检测到9种矿物质元素(钠、镁、钾、钙、锰、铁、铜、锌和硒),两种绿头鸭差异不显著(P>0.05);检测到8种维生素,白羽绿头鸭肌肉维生素B1含量显著高于绿头鸭(P<0.05),维生素D和维生素E含量显著低于绿头鸭(P<0.05)。两种绿头鸭肌肉氨基酸比例接近世卫组织推荐的理想模式,富含人体所需的矿物质元素和维生素,具有广阔的开发利用前景。 相似文献
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2008年7月23日~8月5日和8月7~13日,采用目标动物取样法分别研究了4只蓝鹇(2♂2♀)、3只白鹇(1♂2♀)和5只白腹锦鸡(2♂3♀)的各种行为的发生频率进行了研究。结果发现3种雉类的各种行为类型都相似,但不同雉类间各种行为发生频次有差异。白腹锦鸡、蓝鹇和白鹇的休息行为分别在8:00、9:00和10:00达到日高峰,分别为12.05次/h、28.39次/h和14次/h。蓝鹇、白鹇、白腹锦鸡运动相关行为分别在7:00、8:00、9:00出现峰值,为19.29次/h、21.76次/h、24.90次/h;10:00蓝鹇、白鹇、白腹锦鸡的运动相关行为发生频次都出现了白昼的第一个谷值,分别为6.71次/h、9.29次/h、15.19次/h。蓝鹇、白鹇、白腹锦鸡的梳理行为9:00出现谷值分别为7.64次/h、8.05次/h、11.67次/h,10:00出现峰值分别为17.25次/h、21.19次/h、21.0次/h。3种雉鸡的采食行为的日节律相似。 相似文献
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文章旨在通过体内外试验评估不同类型黑麦草的营养价值。试验选择平均体重为(66.87±2.34)kg的绵羊12头,随机分成3组,每组4个重复,每个重复1头。3组绵羊分别饲喂新鲜、青贮和晒干黑麦草。经过14?d的饲养试验后收集粪便和牧草样品进行后续分析。结果:晒干黑麦草的干物质、有机物和无氮浸出物含量均表现最高(P<0.05)。新鲜黑麦草粗蛋白质和半纤维素含量较青贮黑麦草分别显著提高42.10%和10.82%(P<0.05)。青贮黑麦草粗脂肪、粗纤维、中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维含量显著高于其他两种类型的黑麦草(P<0.05)。新鲜、青贮和晒干黑麦草的粗蛋白质、粗脂肪和粗纤维表观消化率无显著差异(P>0.05)。晒干黑麦草干物质表观消化率较新鲜和青贮黑麦草显著提高6.34%和6.21%(P<0.05),同时晒干黑麦草有机物表观消化率较新鲜黑麦草显著提高6.65%(P<0.05),无氮浸出物表观消化率较青贮黑麦草显著提高15.44%(P<0.05)。当体外代谢能值以MJ/kg有机物表示时,新鲜和青贮黑麦草代谢能值较晒干黑麦草分别显著提高21.34%和22.41%(P<0.05),而当体外代谢能值以MJ/kg干物质表示时,新鲜黑麦草能值最高,青贮黑麦草能值次之,晒干黑麦草能值最低(P<0.05)。结论:新鲜、晒干和青贮黑麦草在不同营养成分上各有优势,但3种牧草主要营养物质的表观消化率和代谢能值无显著差异。因此,无论是新鲜、晒干还是青贮黑麦草都可以作为反刍动物粗饲料的良好来源。
[关键词]黑麦草;青贮;营养价值;消化 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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Reasons for performing study: Clinical experiences indicate that centesis of the lateral compartment of the femorotibial joint is often unsuccessful. Objective: To determine the accuracy of 2 published and 2 unpublished techniques of centesis of the lateral compartment of the femorotibial joint. Hypothesis: It was hypothesised that a drug can be administered into the lateral compartment of the femorotibial joint via a diverticulum of this joint that surrounds the medial aspect of the long digital extensor tendon and that this technique is more accurate than described techniques of centesis of this compartment. Methods: Twenty‐four stifles of 12 horses were divided equally into 4 groups and a radiocontrast medium injected into the lateral compartment of the femorotibial joint of each group using a hypodermic needle inserted: 1) caudal to the lateral patellar ligament and proximal to the tibial plateau, 2) caudal to the long digital extensor tendon and proximal to the tibial plateau, 3) between the long digital extensor tendon and bone of the extensor groove of the tibia or 4) directly through the long digital extensor tendon until it contacted bone. Twelve veterinary students who had no experience using any of these techniques performed the injections. Accuracy of each technique was determined by examining radiographs obtained after injecting the contrast medium. Results: The most successful technique for arthrocentesis was by inserting a needle through the long digital extensor tendon. This approach was successful in all attempted cases, whilst other techniques had lower rates of success. Conclusions: The lateral compartment of the femorotibial joint can be accessed accurately by inserting a needle through the long digital extensor tendon as it lies within the extensor groove. Other techniques may not be as accurate for clinicians inexperienced in arthrocentesis of the lateral compartment of the femorotibial joint. 相似文献