2009—2010年部分猪场猪主要传染病流行病学调查

本试验旨在了解2009—2010年云南部分猪场猪主要传染病的流行情况,通过对云南地区病例的临床诊断、流行病史调查、病理剖检和实验室确诊,最后统计猪主要传染病疑似病料阳性率。其中,猪瘟病毒(classical swine fever virus,CSFV)检出率为22.46%(31/138);猪繁殖与呼吸道综合征病毒(porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus,PRRSV)检出率为26.23%(32/122);猪圆环病毒2型(porcine circovirus type 2,PCV2)检出率为91.30%(84/92);伪狂犬病病毒(pseudorabies virus,PRV)检出率为46.99%(39/83);病原菌检出率为41.07%(23/56);猪肺炎支原体检出率为33.33%(13/39);弓形虫检出率为50.00%(8/16);猪附红细胞体检出率为14.29%(6/42)。     

某规模化猪场猪繁殖障碍性疫病ELISA及六重PCR的检测分析

为了解贵州省某规模化猪场6种繁殖障碍性疫病的感染状况,试验采用ELISA试剂盒对送检的血清样品进行了猪瘟病毒(CSFV)、猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)、猪圆环病毒(PCV-2)、猪乙型脑炎病毒(JEV)、猪伪狂犬病毒(PRV)和猪细小病毒(PPV)抗体水平的检测,同时对送检的组织病料进行六重PCR检测。结果表明:CSFV、PRRSV、PCV-2、JEV、PRV和PPV的抗体阳性率分别为93.2%、52.7%、49.4%、83.8%、87.3%和78.8%,其中PRRSV免疫效果较差;另外,该猪场未免疫PCV-2疫苗,但是其抗体阳性率相当高,血清学检测结果显示,该猪场很可能存在PRRSV和PCV-2感染;送检的组织病料经六重PCR检测结果显示,该猪场存在PRRSV和PCV-2野毒感染。说明该猪场应加强猪繁殖与呼吸综合征和猪圆环病毒病的预防工作。     

贵州省规模化养猪场繁殖障碍性疾病的血清学调查

采用间接酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)和乳胶凝集试验(LAT),对贵州省4个地区6个规模化猪场240份血清进行猪瘟病毒(CSFV)、猪细小病毒(PPV)、猪伪狂犬病毒(PRV)、猪繁殖障碍与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)及猪圆环病毒2型(PCV2)抗体水平检测。结果:CS-FV、PPV和PRV免疫抗体阳性率分别为64.2%、77.9%和59.2%;PRRSV、PCV2抗体阳性率分别为10.4%和32.5%。上述结果表明,猪细小病毒病、猪伪狂犬病和猪瘟免疫效果比较理想,但6个规模场存在PRRSV和PCV2混合感染,应引起各养殖场高度重视。     

广西猪细小病毒与PRRSV、CSFV、PCV2、PRV混合感染的检测

应用PCR技术,对广西南宁、玉林、贵港、柳州、钦州和桂林6个市的10个规模化猪场送检的141份病猪组织样品进行猪细小病毒(PPV)的检测;同时,对鉴定为PPV阳性的样品进行了猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)、猪瘟病毒(CS-FV)、猪圆环病毒2型(PCV2)和猪伪狂犬病毒(PRV)的检测,以确定猪群中PPV与其它病毒混和感染情况。结果,所有样品诸病毒的阳性检出率达17.73%(25/141);流产胎儿PPV阳性率为19.57%(9/46),繁殖障碍母猪扁桃体的PPV阳性率为17.74%(11/62),发病断奶仔猪组织病料的PPV阳性率为15.15%(5/33),PPV与PRRSV、CSFV、PCV2和/或PRV4种病毒均有混合感染现象,混合感染样品占PPV阳性样品的48.00%(12/25)。     

某规模化猪场猪伪狂犬病血清学调查

为了解某规模化猪场猪伪狂犬病(Pseudorabies,PR)免疫抗体水平及野毒感染情况,本研究应用IDEXX公司伪狂犬病毒(Pseudorabies Virus,PRV)gE、PRV gB、猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus,PRRSV)、古典猪瘟病毒(Classical Swine Fever Virus,CSFV)检测试剂盒对该猪场716份血清样品进行了PRV免疫抗体、野毒抗体检测.同时检测了PRRSV及CSFV的免疫抗体结果表明,PRV gB抗体平均阳性率为90.92%(651/716);PRV gE抗体平均阳性率为7.82%(56/716),其中种母猪、种公猪的PRV gE抗体阳性率最低,均为0(0/350、0/16);育肥猪的PRV gE抗体阳性率最高,为19.3%(22/114);后备母猪、后备公猪及仔猪的PRV gE抗体阳性率分别为14.66%(17/116)、7.14%(2/28)和16.3%(15/92);PRRSV抗体平均阳性率为87.71%(628/716);CSFV抗体平均阳性率为83.24%(596/716)同时发现PRV gE抗体阳性率高的猪群,其他疫病免疫抗体的阳性率相对较低,这可能与PRV的感染有关。本研究了解了该场当前PRV的感染与免疫情况.对于指导猪场防控PRV具有重要意义,也为PRV的综合防控提供了科学依据。     

某规模化猪场主要疫病免疫抗体水平的评估与分析

为了评估某规模化猪场主要疫病免疫效果,并进一步优化免疫程序,采用商品化的抗体检测试剂盒对猪场的母猪群、公猪群及各年龄段的商品猪群进行了猪伪狂犬病毒(PRV)gB、猪伪狂犬病毒(PRV)gI、猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)、猪瘟病毒(CSFV)、猪O型口蹄疫病毒(FMDV)的抗体检测,对抗体水平与猪群状况进行统计分析。结果表明:PRV gB、PRV gI抗体阳性率分别为98.04%和0,说明该猪场伪狂犬病(PR)防控效果较好,未检出野毒感染抗体;PRRSV抗体阳性率为67.97%,整体抗体水平不高;SCFV和FMDV总体抗体阳性率分别为76.47%和84.97%,虽然种猪群的抗体阳性率较高,但仔猪、保育猪和育肥猪抗体阳性率相对较低,应该加强免疫。     

云南省部分地区种公猪精液携带繁殖障碍性病毒调查研究

为了解云南省部分地区规模化猪场种公猪精液繁殖障碍病毒性病原的感染状况,应用PCR对2014年—2016年间云南省部分地区规模化猪场212份种公猪精液进行了猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)、猪瘟病毒(CSFV)、猪伪狂犬病病毒(PRV)、猪圆环病毒2型(PCV2)和猪细小病毒(PPV)5种与猪繁殖障碍有关的病原检测。结果表明,PPRSV阳性率为7.08%,CSFV阳性率为3.77%,PCV2阳性率为6.60%,PRV阳性率为3.30%,没有检测出PPV,PRRSV和PCV2的感染率呈上升趋势,其他疫病保持相对平稳态势。所有的混合感染样品中,均检测出了PRRSV,其中PRRSV和PCV2的混合感染最为常见。结果提示,控制猪场疫病发生的关键是控制PRRSV和PCV2的流行,有必要加强对种猪群的疫病病毒检测,推行种猪场主要疫病的控制与净化工作。     

鄂西山区猪圆环病毒2型感染的血清学调查

为了解鄂西山区猪群中猪圆环病毒2型的感染情况,应用ELISA方法对鄂西山区2013-2015年间的1260份不同年龄段的猪血清进行PCV2抗体检测,同时检测了PRRSV、PRV g E及CSFV抗体,结果表明PCV2抗体检测平均阳性率为56.75%(715/1260),不同猪群的检测结果表明,公猪的PCV2抗体阳性率最低为20%(4/20),保育猪PCV2抗体阳性率最高为66.67%(204/306);全部未免疫PRRSV疫苗猪的PRRSV抗体平均阳性率为48.45%(344/710),PRV g E抗体平均阳性率为23.73%(299/1260),而CSFV免疫抗体平均阳性率仅为71.35%。同时发现PCV2抗体感染率高的猪场PRRSV、PRV的感染率也相对较高,而CSFV的免疫抗体阳性率则相对较低。本研究结果表明PCV2感染在鄂西山区猪群中普遍存在,且与PRRSV、PRV的感染具有一定的相关性。     

2017年广西部分猪场五种常见病毒性疾病血清学调查与分析

为了了解2017年广西部分猪场主要五种病毒病的免疫和感染情况,试验采用ELISA方法对广西6市35个猪场送检的2 505份血清进行抗体检测。检测结果表明:猪瘟病毒(CSFV)、猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)、猪圆环病毒2型(PCV-2)、猪口蹄疫病毒O型(FMDV-O)、猪伪狂犬病毒(PRVgB)的血清抗体阳性率(合格率)分别为88.0%、89.7%、90.2%、77.3%和93.1%,CSF、PRRS、PCV-2的抗体离散度分别为:38.75%、50.12%、37.80%。结果说明:CSFV、PRRSV、PCV-2和PRV的免疫效果较好,但PRRSV不同个体之间抗体水平仍有较大差异,FMDV-O的免疫效果相对较差。PRVgE高达19.5%,表明PRV野毒在广西普遍存在,应加强猪场PRV野毒的净化。     

新疆石河子地区某规模化猪场猪常见传染病抗体检测及分析

为了解新疆石河子地区某猪规模化猪场O型口蹄疫病毒(FMDV)、猪瘟病毒(CSFV)、猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)、猪圆环病毒2型(PCV-2)的抗体水平以及猪伪狂犬野毒(PRV)感染情况,本研究应用ELISA检测技术对该场84份血清进行了FMDV、CSFV、PRRSV、PCV-2、PRV gE蛋白抗体检测.结果发现,FMDV抗体阳性率为70.24％;CSFV抗体阳性率为82.14％;PRRSV抗体阳性率为97.62％;PCV-2抗体阳性率为54.76％;PRV gE蛋白抗体阳性率为75.00％.该结果为了解该猪场5种常见传染病的整体免疫水平,进一步制定合理的免疫程序和防制措施提供参考.     

四川省PPV与PCV2的病原流行病学调查

从四川省21个规模化猪场采集样品273份,利用PCR方法检测并分析了猪细小病毒和猪圆环病毒的感染及混合感染情况,结果共检出PPV病原阳性样品47份（占17．22％）;PPV阳性猪场8个（占38．1％）;种猪的感染率较高,仔猪感染率相对较低;检出PCV2病原阳性样品143份（占52．38％）,PCV2阳性猪场18个（占85．7％）;PCV2感染随猪年龄的增长而升高;检出PPV和PCV2混合感染样品29份（占10．62％）;同时存在PPV和PCV2的猪场6个（占28．7％）,混合感染主要集中在母猪和保育仔猪阶段。仅有3个猪场未检出PPV和PCV2病原,占14．3％。该结果说明PPV与PCV2及其混合感染在四川省流行广泛,对养殖业构成了较严重的危害。     

Seroprevalence of economically important viral pathogens in swine populations of Trinidad and Tobago,West Indies

The objective of this study was to evaluate the seroprevalence and identify the strains of swine influenza virus (SwIV), as well as the seroprevalence of porcine parvovirus (PPV), transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), porcine respiratory coronavirus (PRCV), porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV-2), and classical swine fever virus (CSFV) in pigs in Trinidad and Tobago (T&T). Blood samples (309) were randomly collected from pigs at farms throughout T&T. Serum samples were tested for the presence of antibodies to the aforementioned viruses using commercial ELISA kits, and the circulating strains of SwIV were identified by the hemagglutination inhibition test (HIT). Antibodies against SwIV were detected in 114 out of the 309 samples (37%). Out of a total of 26 farms, 14 tested positive for SwIV antibodies. HI testing revealed high titers against the A/sw/Minnesota/593/99 H3N2 strain and the pH1N1 2009 pandemic strain. Antibodies against PPV were detected in 87 out of the 309 samples (28%), with 11 out of 26 farms testing positive for PPV antibodies. Antibodies against PCV-2 were detected in 205 out of the 309 samples tested (66%), with 25 out of the 26 farms testing positive for PCV-2 antibodies. No antibodies were detected in any of the tested pigs to PRRSV, TGEV, PRCV, or CSFV.     

Effect of Porcine and Ovine FSH on Nuclear Maturation of Pig Oocytes In Vitro

The effect of porcine or ovine FSH on the maturation rate of porcine oocytes and on the time course of meiotic progression was studied. Groups of 20 grade‐A cumulus oocyte complexes, aspirated from slaughterhouse cycling‐gilt ovaries, were cultured in vitro in 400 μl of Modified Parker's Medium supplemented with oestrous cow serum and porcine FSH (Folltropin®‐V, 0.50 mg/ml) or ovine FSH (Ovagen^TM, 0.44 iu/ml), in four‐well dishes under mineral oil, at 38.5°C, 5% CO₂ in humidified air. At the end of each 3‐h interval, from 3 to 42 h of culture, the nuclear status of oocytes was assessed microscopically (1000×), after fixation (methanol/acetic acid: 3/1) and orcein (2%) staining. Oocytes were classified as (i) immature (IMM), i.e. oocytes at germinal vesicle stage, germinal vesicle break down and prophase I, (ii) metaphase I (MI) and (iii) metaphase II (MII), i.e. oocytes at anaphase I, telophase I and metaphase II. Data were analysed using regression analysis, chi‐square and t‐test. Nuclear status was assessed in 1610 oocytes (porcine FSH: 787, ovine FSH: 823). Most of the oocytes were at MI from 24 to 33 h (porcine FSH 60.27%, ovine FSH 42.80%, p < 0.001) and at MII from 36 to 42 h (porcine FSH 80.38%, ovine FSH 67.45%, p < 0.01) of culture. Significantly higher maturation rate was observed in porcine FSH than in ovine FSH treated oocytes (86.69 ± 12.97%, 71.34 ± 9.86%, mean ± SD, p < 0.05), after 42 h of culture. In conclusion, under the specific culture conditions, porcine FSH seems to support pig oocyte maturation better than ovine FSH.     

Molecular Identification and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test of Porcine Contagious Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae Serotype 3

In order to understand the serotype and drug resistance of porcine contagious Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae(APP), a pair of primers was designed according to GenBank database to amplify specific 950 bp fragment, and the molecular identification and antimicrobial susceptibility test of APP serotype 3 were investigated.The results showed that the PCR product sequences were more than 99% homology with the APP serotype 3 published in GenBank.The isolated strains were highly resistant and multiple drug resistance.The molecular identification and antimicrobial susceptibility test of APP serotype 3 provided the basis for the identification, diagnosis and prevention of porcine contagious pleuropneumonia.     

猪接触传染性胸膜肺炎放线杆菌血清3型分子鉴定及药敏试验

为了解猪接触传染性胸膜肺炎放线杆菌(Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae,APP)的血清型及耐药情况,本研究根据GenBank数据库设计1对引物,特异性的扩增950 bp核苷酸片段,对血清3型APP进行分子鉴定及药敏试验。结果显示,所得PCR产物经过测序,与GenBank已发表的血清3型APP的同源性达99%以上,所分离菌株耐药性较强,大多为多重耐药。通过对血清3型APP进行分子鉴定及药敏试验,为猪传染性胸膜肺炎的鉴定、诊断及防制提供了基础。     

Seroprevalence of porcine and human influenza A virus antibodies in pigs between 1986 and 1988 in Hassia

1,268 sera collected from slaughtered pigs in Hassia (FRG) from 1986 to 1988 were tested for antibodies against porcine and human influenza A virus strains using the single radial haemolysis test (SRHT). Antibodies against the porcine strains (subtype H1N1) A/Swine/Arnsberg/1/81, A/Swine/Iowa/15/30 and A/New Jersey/7/76 were detected in 411 (32.4%), 318 (25.1%) and 304 (24.0%) of sera, respectively. Up to 1988 a slight increase (10%) in the seroprevalence to A/Swine/Arnsberg/1/81 was noticed, whereas the results obtained with the other strains showed little variation. Antibodies against the human H1N1 strain A/Singapore/6/86 were only found in sera collected 1987 and 1988 in rates of 1.6% and 3.0%. Serological indication of infections with the human H3N2 strains A/Victoria/1/75, A/Hong Kong/1/68 and A/Philippines/2/82 could be shown in 286 (22.6%), 178 (14.4%) and 135 (10.6%) of the serum samples. Within the three year period the rate of sera positive for antibodies against A/Philippines/2/82 increased from 6.5% to 23.0%, whereas no variation in the rates were found using the other H3N2 strains. Antibodies simultaneously against porcine (H1N1) and human (H3N2) virus strains were detected in 9.9% of all sera tested.     

Molecular cloning, chromosomal location, and biological activity of porcine interleukin-21

A pig interleukin-21 (IL-21) cDNA was successfully cloned and sequenced from porcine peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) stimulated with 10 microg/ml concanavalin A (ConA), 10 microg/ml phytohemagglutinin P (PHA), 50 ng/ml phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), and 0.5 microg/ml anti-porcine CD3 antibody for 48 hr. The open reading frame of the porcine IL-21 cDNA is 459 base pairs in length and encodes 152 amino acids. The predicted amino acid sequence of the porcine IL-21 shows 86.2%, 77.7%, and 58.4% identity to the bovine, human, and murine IL-21, respectively. The porcine IL-21 gene was mapped to porcine chromosome 8 (8q22-->q23) by means of fluorescence in situ hybridization and radiation hybrid mapping, where the porcine IL-2 gene had been mapped nearby. The recombinant porcine mature IL-21 expressed by E. coli induced dose-dependent proliferation and IFN-gamma production from a human NK cell line, NK0. The porcine IL-21 identified in this study will be helpful for the enhancement of innate immune responses of pigs.     

新疆北疆地区某规模化猪场主要传染病抗体检测与分析

为了解新疆北疆地区某规模化猪场几种主要传染病的抗体水平,便于及时发现猪场潜在的疾病风险。本试验采用间接酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）方法对某规模化猪场各阶段猪群进行猪瘟病毒（CSFV）抗体、猪繁殖与呼吸障碍综合征病毒（PRRSV）抗体、猪圆环病毒2型（PCV2）抗体、猪O型口蹄疫病毒（FMDV-O）抗体,及猪伪狂犬病病毒（PRV）gB与gE蛋白抗体进行检测。试验结果表明,该场的CSFV、PRRSV、PCV-2、FMDV-O、PRV-gB蛋白、PRV-gE蛋白的平均抗体阳性率分别为83.57%、90.56%、90.29%、71.86%、82.84%、18.29%;不同类别猪群间抗体水平参差不齐,种猪群的PRRSV抗体阳性率仅为52.63%,保育猪群的CSFV抗体阳性率仅为44.12%,育肥猪群的PRV-gB抗体阳性率为30.00%,种公猪的PRV-gE抗体阳性率为30.00%,育肥猪群的FMDV-O抗体阳性率为6.25%,基于以上试验结果,为该场免疫程序的制定和优化提供参考依据,以期达到有效控制及逐渐净化疫病的目的。     

提高猪囊胚后期贴壁能力的优化培养体系

为了提高猪孤雌囊胚贴壁率,试验从饲养层及培养液两方面研究猪孤雌囊胚贴壁能力;用小鼠、猪和牛的胎儿成纤维细胞制作饲养层,分别添加DMEM、NCSU-23、DMEM/NCSU-23培养液,探讨猪孤雌囊胚在3种饲养层上的发育效果。结果表明,BEF饲养层能更好地促进猪孤雌囊胚贴壁生长,其囊胚贴壁率为33.67%,与MEF饲养层组的囊胚贴壁率(19.08%)之间差异显著(P0.05),与PEF饲养层组之间囊胚贴壁率差异不显著(P0.05),MEF饲养层组和PEF饲养层组之间囊胚贴壁率差异不显著(P0.05);在BEF牛胎儿成纤维细胞饲养层组,用猪胚胎培养液NCSU-23培养猪孤雌囊胚后,囊胚贴壁率(22.53%)显著高于DMEM培养液组(10.41%)和DMEM/NCSU-23培养液半量混合组(12.05%)(P0.05),DMEM培养液组和DMEM/NCSU-23培养液半量混合组之间差异不显著(P0.05)。牛胎儿成纤维细胞饲养层和猪胚胎培养液NCSU-23能更好地促进猪孤雌囊胚后期贴壁。     

多重PCR结合基因芯片技术检测5种猪繁殖障碍性病毒病方法的研究

为建立运用多重PCR和基因芯片技术同时检测5种猪繁殖障碍性病毒病的方法。本研究根据GenBank中登录的猪瘟病毒(CSFV)、猪细小病毒(PPV)、猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)、猪日本乙型脑炎病毒(JEV)及猪圆环病毒2型(PCV2)的基因序列设计特异性引物与探针,制备相应的寡核苷酸芯片,检测了5种猪繁殖障碍性疾病病毒的标准毒株,并对16份临床样品进行检测。通过多重PCR扩增出带有荧光标记的5种病毒的特异性基因片段,并与固定有特异性探针的基因芯片杂交。结果显示,本研究建立的多重PCR结合基因芯片检测方法特异性强、稳定性好,灵敏度可达10~2拷贝/μL。16份临床样品检测结果显示阳性率达87.5%(14/16)。以上结果表明该方法特异性好、灵敏度高,可高效检测以上5种病毒,为其临床诊断及流行病学调查提供了有效的检测方法。