基于口蹄疫病毒非结构蛋白3AB/2C的ELISA鉴别检测试剂盒的研制与应用

基于口蹄疫病毒(FMDV)非结构蛋白3AB/2C,研制快速鉴别口蹄疫自然感染和疫苗接种的ELISA检测试剂盒。诱导表达3AB/2C蛋白,His亲和层析纯化目的蛋白;以纯化的3AB/2C蛋白为包被抗原,建立间接ELISA方法,优化ELISA反应条件;标准化ELISA操作规程和试剂盒组分,组装ELISA试剂盒,进行特异性、敏感性、符合率、重复性、血清交叉反应、保存期等性能评价;分离临床牛血清进行应用性检测,评价ELISA试剂盒适用性。结果获得了大小约51 ku可溶性表达3AB/2C蛋白,亲和层析纯化后纯度可达90%以上;确定最适抗原包被浓度为3.25μg/m L,血清稀释度1∶80,封闭液为2%乳清蛋白,封闭条件为37℃1 h 4℃10 h;试剂盒敏感性97.5%、特异性98.3%,批内、批间变异系数分别为3.40%~6.71%和5.20%~8.44%;与3种商品化试剂盒符合率分别为98.90%、98.02%和96.72%;试剂盒4℃条件下保存期可达12个月;1 457份临床样品检测,FMDV感染阳性率6.41%~30.35%。本研究研制的鉴别ELISA试剂盒检测结果可靠、稳定性好,能有效鉴别FMDV自然感染和疫苗免疫,可为FMD综合防控提供技术支撑。     

猪萨佩罗病毒3C蛋白间接ELISA抗体检测方法的建立

为建立快速检测猪萨佩罗病毒(PSV)的血清学方法,本研究以原核表达的PSV 3C重组蛋白为包被抗原,通过反应条件优化,建立了一种PSV重组3C蛋白的间接ELISA抗体检测方法。结果显示,该ELISA方法仅对PSV血清检测为阳性,与猪瘟病毒、猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒、猪伪狂犬病毒、猪圆环病毒2型等主要猪源病毒阳性血清均无特异性反应,具有良好的特异性。该方法的批内和批间重复性变异系数均小于10%,血清稀释度可以达到1∶320;采用该ELISA方法对我国2016年间采集的江苏省6个不同地区猪场的281份临床血清样品进行了检测,阳性率高达38.43%,表明江苏地区猪群中存在PSV感染。本实验建立的ELISA方法可以用于检测临床样品中的PSV抗体,特异性强、敏感性高、重复性好,是PSV流行病学调查的一种有效工具,对该病的防控具有重要意义。     

牛口蹄疫病毒VP2结构蛋白抗体间接ELISA方法的建立

为建立牛口蹄疫(FMD)抗体的检测方法,本研究将口蹄疫病毒(FMDV)的VP2基因,通过pPROEXTM HTb表达载体在大肠杆菌DH5α中表达,获得大小为35ku的重组VP2蛋白(rVP2),western blot证实rVP2可与FMDV5种血清型的牛阳性血清发生特异性反应。以纯化复性的rVP2为抗原建立了FMDVrVP2间接ELISA方法。重复性试验证实批内、批间变异系数均小于10%。特异性交叉试验表明,该抗原不与常见的其他7种牛病阳性血清发生交叉反应。检测非免疫无口蹄疫国家牛阴性血清的特异性为100%;检测感染血清敏感性为97.3%;检测O-AsiaⅠ的二价苗免疫牛血清,与4种商品化试剂盒比较,其符合率分别为69.0%、95.0%、90.4%和86.8%。实验结果表明建立的ELISA方法可以用于口蹄疫感染和免疫抗体检测。     

基于单克隆抗体的O型口蹄疫病毒抗体固相竞争ELISA检测方法的建立

为建立评价O型口蹄疫病毒(FMDV)疫苗免疫水平的方法,本研究以单克隆抗体(MAb)3D9为捕获抗体,以HRP标记的MAb 8E8作为检测MAb,经过条件优化建立了基于MAb的检测O型FMDV抗体的固相竞争ELISA(SPCE)方法。对该方法进行了特异性、敏感性、重复性试验。结果显示,MAb 3D9的最佳稀释度为1:25 000,灭活O型FMDV抗原的最佳稀释浓度为1:3,HRP标记的MAb 8E8的最佳稀释度为15 000,当血清1:32稀释时,检测的临界值确定为45%。该方法分别检测A型FMDV抗体阳性参考血清以及牛冠状病毒、牛轮状病毒以及猪繁殖与呼吸障碍综合征病毒、猪圆环病毒、猪瘟病毒的标准阳性血清,检测结果均为阴性,未出现交叉反应。经检测,当阳性标准血清的抗体稀释度在1:512时,该方法仍具有较好的敏感性;批内和批间重复性试验的变异系数均小于10%,表明其重复性较好。并将该方法与液相阻断ELISA(LPBE)方法和病毒中和试验(VNT)的相关性进行了比较,结果显示该方法与LPBE和VNT的相关性分别为0.896和0.923。本研究为国内评价O型FMDV疫苗免疫水平建立了一种新的方法。     

口蹄疫病毒非结构蛋白2C基因在昆虫细胞中的表达及应用

研究口蹄疫病毒(FMDV)非结构蛋白(NSP) 2C在区分灭活疫苗免疫动物与自然感染动物方面的意义.本研究将FMDV NSP 2C基因,克隆到穿梭载体pFast-bac- HT-B,将其转入含骨架载体Bacmid的DH10Bac,经蓝白斑筛选得到重组骨架质粒Bacmid-2C.将Bacmid-2C转染昆虫细胞Sf9,鉴定正确后,经3次增殖获得高滴度的P-3代病毒后,在High Five细胞中进行目的蛋白的表达.SDS-PAGE结果显示在High Five细胞中得到了相对分子质量约为38.93 ku的目的蛋白2C,Western blotting及Dot-ELISA结果显示,该表达产物对FMDV感染动物阳性血清有良好的反应性.以电泳纯化的2C蛋白为抗原建立间接ELISA,检测健康非免疫动物、免疫动物及FM-DV试验感染动物血清,结果表明2C-ELISA不但能区分免疫动物和感染动物的血清,而且还能检测FMDV感染早期动物血清中的2C抗体.说明昆虫细胞表达的2C蛋白可作为FMDV疫苗免疫动物与自然感染动物鉴别诊断的良好抗原.2C基因在Bac-to-Bac系统中的成功表达为建立通过检测几种NSP抗体,筛查感染及隐性带毒动物,净化畜群的方法奠定了基础.     

口蹄疫病毒非结构蛋白基因的克隆表达及免疫活性的研究

从口蹄疫病毒(FMDV)细胞培养物中提取总RNA,设计简并引物通过RT-PCR获得了完整的3ABC基因片段,将3AB基因和部分3ABC基因分别克隆到原核表达载体上构建重组表达质粒pET-3AB和pET-3ABC,然后转化BL21(DE3)plysS进行诱导表达,将表达产物进行SDS-PAGE分析和Western blot鉴定.结果表明,3AB基因和3ABC基因可以在大肠埃希菌中高效表达,且表达产物能够与FMDV阳性血清产生免疫反应.进一步摸索重组蛋白的纯化条件,制备纯化蛋白,以纯化的表达产物为包被抗原进行间接ELISA检测,结果表明,重组蛋白具有特异的免疫学活性,能够用于鉴别FMDV感染动物血清和免疫动物血清.     

非洲猪瘟病毒抗体检测间接ELISA方法的建立

以基因工程表达的非洲猪瘟病毒VP73蛋白作为包被抗原,建立了间接ELISA方法,用以检测猪血清中抗非洲猪瘟VP73蛋白的抗体。该方法对非洲猪瘟标准阳性血清的检测灵敏度可以达到1∶2 560,与同类进口ELISA试剂盒相当。此方法只特异性检出非洲猪瘟阳性血清,而对猪传染性胸膜肺炎等5种猪传染病阳性血清的检测结果均为阴性,表明其具有良好的特异性。批内和批间重复性试验结果发现,检测同一份血清的变异系数小于10%,表明其重复性较好。包被好的酶标板37℃放置5d后,对同一份血清的检测敏感性无明显变化,初步表明其稳定性较好。利用建立的间接ELISA方法和进口ELISA试剂盒分别对150份血清样品进行非洲猪瘟血清抗体检测,结果表明本方法的特异性和敏感性分别为99.1%和94.3%,2种方法检测结果的符合率为98%。以上试验表明,本试验建立的间接ELISA方法具有良好的特异性和敏感性、较好的重复性和稳定性,可以满足临床检测的需求。     

新型鸭呼肠孤病毒σC蛋白间接ELISA检测方法的建立

为建立快速检测新型鸭呼肠孤病毒(NDRV)抗体的方法,本研究以纯化的重组σC蛋白作为包被抗原,并对该方法的反应条件进行优化,建立了NDRV间接ELISA抗体检测方法。该方法仅对NDRV血清检测为阳性,与番鸭呼肠孤病毒、鸭肝炎病毒、番鸭细小病毒、番鸭源鹅细小病毒阳性血清均无交叉反应,具有良好的特异性。其批内和批间重复性试验的变异系数均小于5%,具有良好的重复性。利用建立的σC蛋白间接ELISA方法对80份疑似鸭血清样品进行检测,结果显示与NDRV全病毒间接ELISA的符合率为88.75%。本研究建立的ELISA方法为NDRV的流行病学调查提供了快速、特异的血清学检测方法。     

塞内卡病毒A(SVA) VP1间接ELISA抗体检测方法的建立及应用

为建立快速检测塞内卡病毒A (Senecavirus A,SVA)血清学方法,以纯化的重组VP1蛋白作为包被抗原,建立了SVA VP1间接ELISA抗体检测方法。结果表明,VP1蛋白以包涵体形式表达,纯化后的蛋白经Western blot鉴定具有较好的反应原性。该ELISA检测方法阴、阳性临界值为0.278,与口蹄疫病毒(FMDV)、脑心肌炎病毒(EMCV)、猪圆环病毒2型(PCV2)、猪瘟病毒(CSFV)、猪伪狂犬病病毒(PRV)和猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)等猪常见病原阳性血清均无交叉反应,具有良好的特异性。批内和批间重复性试验的变异系数均小于13%,表明该方法重复性和稳定性均较好。相比于血清中和试验(SN),该方法的相对敏感性为98.0%,两种方法的符合率为84%。用该方法对来自山东、广东省的8个猪场的276份血清进行检测,阳性率为22.1%。SVA VP1间接ELISA抗体检测法可作为一种快速、简便的血清学诊断方法,用于猪群SVA感染监测和流行病学初步调查。     

山羊痘病毒G9蛋白的原核表达及间接ELISA方法的建立

山羊痘病毒(GTPV)G9是一种膜蛋白,是潜在的优势抗原,为建立检测山羊痘的间接ELISA方法,本研究克隆GTPV G9基因并原核表达了重组G9蛋白,利用该蛋白作为包被抗原,经各反应条件优化建立了检测GTPV抗体的间接ELISA方法,并对该方法的特异性、敏感性、重复性进行了评估。结果显示,原核表达的重组G9蛋白约为39 ku,且可以与GTPV阳性山羊血清发生特异性反应。间接ELISA方法经优化后的最佳条件为:重组G9蛋白的最佳包被浓度为1μg/mL,待检血清的最佳稀释度为1.80,鼠抗羊HRP-IgG的最佳稀释度为1.10 000。特异性结果显示,除GTPV阳性山羊血清检测结果为阳性外,副结核分支杆菌、口蹄疫病毒、小反刍兽疫病毒、布鲁氏菌的阳性山羊血清的检测结果均为阴性,特异性较强;敏感性试验结果显示,GTPV阳性山羊血清1.320稀释后检测结果仍为阳性,敏感性较高;批内、批间重复试验结果显示,变异系数均小于10%,重复性较好。利用本实验建立的间接ELISA方法检测45份临床山羊血清样品的结果显示,阳性血清8份,阴性血清37份,阳性率为17.8%;商品化ELISA试剂盒的检测结果显示,阳性血清9份,阴性血清36份,阳性率为20%。二者的符合率为97.8%。本研究为GTPV抗体检测试剂盒的研制奠定了基础。     

Differentiation of foot-and-mouth disease-infected pigs from vaccinated pigs using antibody-detecting sandwich ELISA

The presence of serum antibodies for nonstructural proteins of the foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) can differentiate FMDV-infected animals from vaccinated animals. In this study, a sandwich ELISA was developed for rapid detection of the foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) antibodies; it was based on an Escherichia coli-expressed, highly conserved region of the 3ABC nonstructural protein of the FMDV O/TW/99 strain and a monoclonal antibody derived from the expressed protein. The diagnostic sensitivity of the assay was 98.4%, and the diagnostic specificity was 100% for na?ve and vaccinated pigs; the detection ability of the assay was comparable those of the PrioCHECK and UBI kits. There was 97.5, 93.4 and 66.6% agreement between the results obtained from our ELISA and those obtained from the PrioCHECK, UBI and CHEKIT kits, respectively. The kappa statistics were 0.95, 0.87 and 0.37, respectively. Moreover, antibodies for nonstructural proteins of the serotypes A, C, Asia 1, SAT 1, SAT 2 and SAT 3 were also detected in bovine sera. Furthermore, the absence of cross-reactions generated by different antibody titers against the swine vesicular disease virus and vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) was also highlighted in this assay's specificity.     

Development and validation of a 3ABC indirect ELISA for differentiation of foot-and-mouth disease virus infected from vaccinated animals

Non-structural protein (NSP) 3ABC antibody is considered to be the most reliable indicator of present or past infection with foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) in vaccinated animals. An indirect ELISA was established, using purified His-tagged 3ABC fusion protein as antigen, for detection of the antibody response to FMDV NSP 3ABC in different animal species. The method was validated by simultaneous detection of the early antibody responses to NSP and structural protein (SP) in FMDV Asia 1 infected animals. The performance of the method was also validated by detection of antibody in reference sera from the FMD World Reference Laboratory (WRL) in Pirbright, UK, and comparison with two commercial NSP ELISA kits. The results showed that the antibody response to SP developed more quickly than that to NSP 3ABC in FMDV infected animals. In contact-infected cattle, the antibody response to NSP 3ABC was significantly delayed compared with that to SP antibody. The early antibody responses to SP and NSP 3ABC in FMDV inoculated cattle and contact-infected or inoculated sheep and pigs were generally consistent. In pigs, 3ABC antibody was linked to the presence of clinical signs; however, in sheep, subclinical infection was detected by the development of 3ABC antibodies. Therefore, the antibody responses to 3ABC varied between host species. Eight out of 10 positive serum samples from FMD WRL were tested to be positive at cutoff value of 0.2. The rate of agreement with the ceditest FMDV-NS and the UBI NSP ELISA were 98.05% (302/308) and 93.2% (287/308), respectively. The prevalence of 3ABC antibodies reached 71.4% in some diseased cattle herds. The further work is required to evaluation the performance of this method in different animal species and different field situations.     

Comparison of sensitivity and specificity in three commercial foot-and-mouth disease virus non-structural protein ELISA kits with swine sera in Taiwan

Three commercialized ELISA kits for the detection of antibodies to the non-structural proteins (NSPs) of FMD virus were compared, using sera from uninfected, vaccinated, challenged and naturally infected pigs. The kinetics of the antibody response to NSPs was compared on sequential serum samples in swine from challenge studies and outbreaks. The results showed that ELISA A (UBI) and ELISA B (CEDI) had better sensitivity than that of the 3ABC recombinant protein-based ELISA C (Chekit). The peak for detection of antibodies to NSPs in ELISA C was significantly delayed in sera from natural infection and challenged swine as compared to the ELISA A and B. The sensitivity of the three ELISAs gradually declined during the 6-month post-infection as antibodies to NSP decline. ELISA kits A and B detected NSP antibody in 50% of challenged pigs by the 9-10th-day and 7-8th-day post-challenge, respectively. ELISA B and C had better specificity than ELISA A on sequential serum samples obtained from swine immunized with a type O FMD vaccine commercially available in Taiwan. Antibody to NSPs before vaccination was not detected in swine not exposed to FMD virus, however, antibody to NSPs was found in sera of some pigs after vaccination. All assays had significantly lower specificity when testing sera from repeatedly vaccinated sows and finishers in 1997 that were tested after the 1997 FMD outbreak. However, when testing sera from repeatedly vaccinated sows or finishers in 2003-2004, the specificity for ELISAs A, B and C were significantly better than those in 1997. This effect was less marked for ELISA A. The ELISA B was the best test in terms of the highest sensitivity and specificity and the lowest reactivity with residual NSP in vaccinates.     

猪O型口蹄疫病毒重组结构蛋白的纯化及间接ELISA方法的建立

将猪O型口蹄疫病毒（foot and mouth disease virus,FMDV）的VP0、VP1、VP3基因,通过SUMO融合表达载体在大肠杆菌BL21（DE3）中成功表达,获得大小为55、48和40 ku的融合蛋白,Western blotting检测结果表明,表达的蛋白质具有良好的生物学活性。采用亲和层析法纯化表达产物,分别以纯化的SUMO-VP0、SUMO-VP1、SUMO-VP3蛋白为抗原建立了FMDV的间接ELISA检测方法。200份田间血清样品的检测结果表明建立的SUMO-VP0-ELISA、SUMO-VP1-ELISA、SUMO-VP3-ELISA检测方法均具有良好的特异性和敏感性。     

Development and evaluation of an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of foot-and-mouth disease virus nonstructural protein antibody using a chemically synthesized 2B peptide as antigen.

Forty peptides were synthesized corresponding to hydrophilic clusters of amino acids within the sequences of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) nonstructural proteins (NSP). Six peptides were studied in more detail and the most promising, a 2B peptide, was evaluated in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using sera from naive, vaccinated, and vaccinated-and-challenged cattle as well as bovine sera from field outbreaks. The performance of the new NSP peptide ELISA was compared to that of 4 commercial NSP ELISA kits. Antibody to 2B was detectable from the end of the first week to the second week after infection in most of the nonvaccinated animals and by the second to third week in vaccinated-and-challenged animals. The sensitivity of the 2B peptide ELISA was comparable to the 3ABC Ceditest (Ceditest FMDV-NS, Cedi Diagnostics B.V.; Chung et al., 2002). With some modification and further validation, this 2B test could be useful as a screening or conformational NSP test in postvaccination surveillance for FMD.     

3A蛋白间接ELISA试验检测猪口蹄疫感染抗体的研究

用表达的口蹄疫3A蛋白作为包被抗原，建立了间接ELISA试验，对口蹄疫病毒感染血清、免疫血清和其它非口蹄疫病毒血清进行了检测研究。结果表明，3A蛋白间接ELISA试验对口蹄疫具有较好的特异性，可以区分感染口蹄疫病毒的猪血清和疫苗免疫猪血清。     

Serological evidence of FMD subclinical infection in sheep population during the 1999 epidemic in Morocco.

During 1999, 11 outbreaks of foot and mouth disease (FMD) were declared in the east and central part of Morocco. All the FMD clinical cases reported were cattle. In order to analyse the serological status of sheep from the FMD outbreak areas, 598 sheep sera were tested using a liquid-phase blocking ELISA (LPBE) to detect antibodies against FMDV structural proteins. The study confirmed the presence of FMDV specific antibodies in 77 clinically normal sheep, indicating that unrecognised FMDV-infected sheep could represent a potential risk of FMD dissemination in Morocco.Subsequently, sera from flocks of sheep that had been exposed to FMD outbreaks were assayed by an indirect ELISA using the recombinant FMDV non-structural protein 3ABC expressed in E. coli to evaluate the potential use of this serological test in future epidemiological studies and the development of FMD control strategies. The results indicated that the 3ABC-ELISA was able to detect antibodies indicative of infection with FMDV in asymptomatic sheep in field conditions.     

Novel purification method for recombinant 3AB1 nonstructural protein of foot-and-mouth disease virus for use in differentiation between infected and vaccinated animals.

An indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed for differentiation of animals infected with foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) from vaccinated animals. The test was based on a highly pure and concentrated preparation of recombinant 3AB1 protein obtained by expression in a prokaryotic system, protein separation by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and electro elution. Experimental- and field-serum samples from naive, vaccinated, and infected cattle were tested for anti3AB1 antibody using the ELISA. A cutoff level was set at 35% of the maximum absorbance obtained with a positive control serum (FMDV-infected animal, 21 days postinfection [dpi]). This assay could detect antibodies from sera of animals experimentally infected by contact (n = 118) with a sensitivity of 97.5%. The specificity was 100%, based on negative test results obtained on 109 sera from naive animals. Remarkably, all sera from animals vaccinated either once (n = 102) or twice (n = 30) were negative. In addition, this 3AB1-ELISA could detect seroconversion at 7 dpi in animals inoculated intradermolingually. This assay constitutes an important tool for the rapid detection of FMDV outbreaks in a vaccinated population. In addition, it presents a reliable, economical, and simple method for testing large numbers of serum samples.