猪口蹄疫、猪瘟、高致病性猪蓝耳病三种疫苗不同组合同时分点免疫效果观察与分析

本文探讨了猪口蹄疫、猪瘟、高致病性猪蓝耳病三种疫苗不同组合分点免疫的效果。将生猪随机分为A、B、C、D、E组,每组生猪60头。每组试验对象采用不同的疫苗接种方法,然后观察副反应发生率和抗体合格率。结果表明:C组试验结果猪口蹄疫、高致病性猪蓝耳病免疫抗体符合国家标准,且没有明显副反应。先接种口蹄疫疫苗,在第7天同时进行分点接种高致病性猪蓝耳病疫苗和猪瘟疫苗,该免疫程序具有免疫效率高、效果好、副反应低的特点,是免疫工作中的首选方案。     

猪口蹄疫、猪瘟、猪蓝耳病疫苗最佳免疫方法研究

为探索生猪重大疫病的科学免疫方法,确定最佳免疫程序,笔者设计并开展了口蹄疫（FMD）合成肽苗（或灭活苗）、猪瘟（HC）脾淋苗、高致病性蓝耳病弱毒疫苗（或灭活苗）的不同组合注射、单独注射、不同疫苗类型注射的试验研究.结果表明：3种疫苗不同组合注射或单独注射,以及使用不同类型疫苗注射,其免疫副反应均无明显差异;平均免疫抗体效价及群体合格率各组间存有差异;采用猪口蹄疫、猪瘟、猪蓝耳病3种疫苗同时分点注射,以及仔猪首免口蹄疫、猪蓝耳苗,再免疫口蹄疫、猪瘟苗的免疫效果最佳.     

猪瘟、猪O型口蹄疫和高致病性猪蓝耳病疫苗不同免疫方法试验

为掌握不同厂家生产的猪瘟疫苗、猪O型口蹄疫疫苗和高致病性猪蓝耳病疫苗按说明剂量使用的免疫效果,找出适应当前生产中3种疫苗两两组合和3种同时分点注射的免疫方法,进行了不同方法免疫试验。结果表明,3种疫苗两两组合同时分点肌肉注射,互不干扰;3种疫苗同时分点肌肉注射,互不干扰,且可以促进高致病性猪蓝耳病疫苗的免疫效果,但个别猪会出现体温升高、拒食等反应。     

猪瘟、猪口蹄疫、高致病性猪蓝耳病疫苗有效免疫试验初探

为推广猪瘟、猪口蹄疫和高致病性猪蓝耳病3种疫苗有效免疫,在前期开展"猪瘟疫苗(脾淋源)、猪O型口蹄疫疫苗和高致病性猪蓝耳病疫苗有效免疫试验"确定新的免疫程序基础上进行扩大试验,进一步验证猪瘟疫苗1头份免疫剂量足以产生可靠的免疫保护;先免疫接种猪瘟疫苗,1周后免疫接种口蹄疫和高致病性猪蓝耳病疫苗,二者有明显的协同促进作用,适宜在农村散户中使用;3种疫苗同时分点注射,相互之间干扰较大,猪瘟病毒抗体产生时间推迟,不宜推广使用。     

猪强制性免疫中不同免疫程序的免疫效果调查分析

为探讨口蹄疫O型灭活苗、猪瘟活疫苗、高致病性猪蓝耳病活疫苗不同免疫程序的免疫效果。我们选择了6个规模养猪场,对其采用的2种免疫程序的免疫效果进行调查分析。调查分析结果表明,高致病性猪蓝耳病活疫苗的免疫对猪瘟疫苗和口蹄疫疫苗的免疫具有一定免疫干扰或抑制作用;免疫程序中,高致病性猪蓝耳病活疫苗先于猪瘟疫苗和口蹄疫疫苗免疫,其猪群中猪瘟与口蹄疫和高致病性猪蓝耳病的疫苗免疫效果均好;猪瘟疫苗和口蹄疫疫苗同时分点肌内注射,猪群中猪瘟与口蹄疫免疫抗体平均合格率可达到70%以上。建议在实际免疫工作中对生猪进行免疫时,高致病性猪蓝耳病活疫苗要先于猪瘟疫苗和口蹄疫疫苗免疫,且猪瘟疫苗和口蹄疫疫苗可同时分点肌内注射。     

黔东南州猪O型口蹄疫、猪瘟、高致病性猪蓝耳病新免疫程序应用效果调查

<正>近年来,为提高生猪免疫效果,黔东南州推广了猪O型口蹄疫、猪瘟、高致病性猪蓝耳病的新免疫程序。新免疫程序为:(1)散养户免疫程序:3种疫苗均在30~35日龄首次免疫;猪O型口蹄疫、猪瘟、高致病性猪蓝耳病疫苗两两组合同时分点注射;适当增加猪O型口蹄疫灭活疫苗剂量(每头注射2 m L)、高致病性猪蓝耳病疫苗的剂量(每头注射3 m L),猪瘟脾淋苗按正常剂量使用;每年春、秋两     

猪瘟猪O型口蹄疫高致病性猪蓝耳病疫苗联合免疫试验报告

为了评价猪瘟、口蹄疫、猪蓝耳病疫苗联合免疫效果,采用猪瘟脾淋苗、猪O型口蹄疫缅甸98灭活疫苗和猪繁殖与呼吸综合征活疫苗对33～50日龄健康仔猪同时分点注射进行联合免疫,用正向间接血凝试验和ELISA试验检测其免疫效果。结果表明,3种疫苗联合免疫具有较高安全性,猪瘟脾淋苗、猪O型口蹄疫缅甸98灭活疫苗(浓缩)和高致病性猪蓝耳病灭活苗同时分点注射,对猪瘟脾淋苗和猪O型口蹄疫缅甸98灭活疫苗免疫效果无明显的免疫抑制或干扰作用,但对高致病性猪蓝耳病灭活苗免疫效果有显著的抑制或干扰作用。猪瘟脾淋苗、猪O型口蹄疫缅甸98灭活疫苗可进行联合免疫,但高致病性猪蓝耳病灭活疫苗应单独免疫。     

猪瘟、猪口蹄疫、猪蓝耳病疫苗有效免疫试验初探

目的探讨猪瘟、猪口蹄疫、猪蓝耳病疫苗的免疫效果。方法分别采用不同时间段免疫接种和同时分点免疫接种进行免疫试验。结果免疫副反应的发生率为1.00%,猪瘟病毒的合格率为91.00%。结论猪瘟、猪口蹄疫、猪蓝耳病疫苗在利用上述两种方式注射时安全有效值得推广。     

猪瘟、猪O型口蹄疫、高致病性猪蓝耳病疫苗联合免疫效果评价

采用猪瘟脾淋苗、猪O型口蹄疫多肽苗（或灭活苗）和高致病性猪蓝耳病灭活苗同时分点注射。对40—50日龄健康仔猪进行联合免疫,观察其免疫反应,并经正向间接血凝和ELISA试验评价其免疫效果。结果发现：三种疫苗联合免疫,临床上未发现严重的免疫反应,对猪瘟脾淋苗、猪O型口蹄疫多肽苗的免疫效果无明显的干扰或抑制作用,对高致病性猪蓝耳病和猪O型口蹄疫灭活苗免疫效果有显著的干扰或抑制作用。研究表明：三种疫苗联合免疫具有较高安全性,猪瘟脾淋苗、猪O型口蹄疫多肽苗可进行联合免疫,但高致病性猪蓝耳病灭活疫苗、猪O型口蹄疫灭活苗应单独使用。     

猪瘟脾淋苗、猪O型口蹄疫和猪蓝耳病灭活苗两两联合应用的免疫效果观察

将猪瘟弱毒脾淋疫苗、猪O型口蹄疫灭活疫苗(Ⅱ)和高致病性猪蓝耳病灭活疫苗采用两两组合的方式同时分部位免疫35日龄左右的健康仔猪,观察并记录其免疫反应。在疫苗免疫后0、4、14、21d和28d无菌取猪血清,用ELISA检测免疫后三种疫苗抗体水平的动态变化。试验结果表明:猪瘟和猪口蹄疫疫苗同时免疫,效果较好;猪口蹄疫和高致病性猪蓝耳病疫苗同时免疫,效果较差;猪瘟疫苗和高致病性猪蓝耳病疫苗同时免疫,效果不明显,还需进一步验证。     

猪瘟猪伪狂犬病二联苗对仔猪免疫效果观察

本文探讨了猪瘟(CSF)、猪伪狂犬病(PR)活苗不同时间对仔猪免疫效果的相互影响。结果表明:同时免疫两种活疫苗(二联苗组),PR会干扰CSF前期抗体的产生。二联苗组猪瘟抗体3周后才达到阳性,而猪伪狂犬病抗体在7日时就达到阳性,两种抗体均在49日达到峰值,峰值均比单一免疫、分时免疫的峰值略低。分时免疫两种疫苗产生的抗体均比单一免疫时的抗体要低,且相互干扰不明显。     

3种不同类型佐剂的猪圆环病毒2型亚单位灭活疫苗免疫效果的比较研究

为制备猪圆环病毒2型商品化亚单位疫苗选择良好的佐剂,对由水性佐剂GEL 01、白油佐剂以及氢氧化铝胶佐剂分别制备的3种猪圆环病毒2型亚单位疫苗的免疫效果进行比较研究。本实验选取3~4周龄猪圆环病毒2型抗体阴性猪30头,根据试验疫苗接种情况分为6组,分别为:3种不同佐剂制备的亚单位疫苗(A组、B组和C组)、商品化疫苗(D组)以及空白对照组和攻毒对照组,然后进行临床观察、抗体水平监测和免疫效力评价,观察各组仔猪的不良反应情况、抗体水平以及攻毒保护情况。结果显示:3种不同类型佐剂制备的猪圆环病毒2型亚单位疫苗接种猪后均无任何不良反应、能刺激机体产生良好的ELISA抗体水平和免疫效果,但水性佐剂GEL 01制备的疫苗与另外2种佐剂制备的疫苗相比,综合抗体水平、免疫效果等因素,水性佐剂GEL 01制备的疫苗在临床使用上更具优势,为商品化亚单位疫苗佐剂的选择提供了重要的数据支持。     

不同免疫方式对仔猪免疫高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征、猪瘟、猪口蹄疫三种疫苗抗体水平的影响

采用不同的免疫方式,对38头36~38日龄健康仔猪进行高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征、猪瘟、猪口蹄疫3种疫苗进行免疫,分别于免疫前（0 d）和免疫后15、30、45、60、90 d采血进行这3种疫病抗体检测。结果发现效果最好的方法是先免疫猪瘟和口蹄疫疫苗14 d后再免疫高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征疫苗;其次是猪瘟疫苗和高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征疫苗分别释稀后混合为1针,口蹄疫疫苗另作1针同时分点注射;免疫效果最差的是高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征、猪瘟、猪口蹄疫3种疫苗同时分3点注射。     

鸡传染性法氏囊病活疫苗免疫效果评估

本试验选用A、B、C、D 4种商品化鸡传染性法氏囊病活疫苗免疫SPF鸡,进行攻毒试验以评估不同疫苗的免疫效果。10日龄SPF鸡分组后分别用A、B、C、D 4种商品化法氏囊病活疫苗按1羽份/只剂量接种免疫,21日龄时用1000 LD₅₀剂量的法氏囊超强毒株(GD0104)进行攻毒,各组疫苗的保护率分别为100%、85%、100%、100%;35日龄时用1000 LD₅₀剂量的法氏囊超强毒株(GD0104)进行攻毒,各组疫苗的保护率分别为100%、75%、95%、100%。免疫后抗体检测显示,抗体滴度水平D＞A＞C＞B,抗体转阳速度A＞D＞C＞B,免疫应激作用A、D＞B、C。综合考虑疫苗免疫攻毒后各项指标的变化,A、D疫苗免疫效果优于其他两种活疫苗,可以有效地为SPF鸡提供保护作用。     

怀山药多糖对鸡免疫功能的影响

目的研究怀山药多糖对鸡免疫功能的影响。方法将150羽14日龄蛋公鸡随机分成3组,每组50羽,14日龄用一羽份新支二联弱毒苗点眼滴鼻免疫;同时2个试验组分别肌肉注射怀山药多糖溶液高、低剂量各0.3ml/羽,对照组注射生理盐水0.3ml/羽,连用3d;分别于免疫用药后的第7、14、21、28、35、42天各组随机抽取8只翼下静脉采血,后分离血清,测定新城疫血凝抑制(HI)抗体效价,并于免疫后14、21、28、35、42天随机抽4只放血致死后称重,摘取胸腺、法氏囊、脾脏称重并计算指数。结果试验组特异性免疫抗体和免疫器官指数均高于对照组,在某些时间点差异显著。结论怀山药多糖能增强鸡的免疫功能,可作为免疫增强剂与疫苗同时使用。     

合成鱼腥草素对鸡新城疫疫苗免疫增强效果的研究

为探讨合成鱼腥草素对鸡新城疫疫苗免疫增强效果的影响,本试验将160只7日龄非免疫健康雏鸡随机分为空白对照组和低、中、高3个剂量组,各组用NDV La Sota株弱毒活疫苗进行初免,2周后加强免疫1次,并在第2次免疫的当天灌胃给药,3个剂量组分别以50、100和150 mg/kg的剂量灌服合成鱼腥草素,连续给药7 d,空白对照组灌服等量的生理盐水.各组分别于初免后的14、21、28和35 d随机抽取8只鸡,测定其免疫器官指数,血清中IFN-γ、IL-2和IL-4的含量及新城疫抗体的效价.结果表明,不同剂量的合成鱼腥草素均能不同程度地提高肉鸡免疫器官指数、细胞因子和抗体滴度的水平,其中以中剂量(100 mg/kg)效果最明显.     

口蹄疫灭活疫苗的免疫效果及其对鉴别诊断的干扰

灭活疫苗免疫是防控口蹄疫的重要措施,但是灭活疫苗的免疫效果及其对感染与免疫鉴别诊断的干扰一直是口蹄疫免疫无疫区建设评估需要明确的重要问题。本研究中选择了3个企业（代号A、B与C）的4组口蹄疫O型与A型二价灭活疫苗,分别免疫口蹄疫抗体阴性健康未成年牛,免疫3～4次,测定免疫前后结构蛋白和非结构蛋白抗体的应答水平。结果显示：（1）结构蛋白抗体合格率：a1组（A企业多批次疫苗）4次免疫后O型和A型均为100%;a2组（A企业同批次疫苗）一~三免O型为36.7%、98.3%与100%,A型为15%、86.7%与100%;b组（B企业疫苗）一~三免O型为18.3%、97%与100%,A型为1.7%、45%与53.3%;c组（C企业疫苗）一~三免O型为26.7%、96.7%与100%,A型为21.7%、71.7%与100%。（2）非结构蛋白3ABC抗体阳性率（两种方法复核结果）：a1组一~四免分别为0.7%、1.4%、9.5%与4.8%;a2组和c组三次免疫均未检测到阳性;b组仅三免后阳性率为0.6%。3组灭活疫苗首次免疫牛的抗体合格率远不及70%,但加强免疫后抗体合格率均显著提高;非结构蛋白抗体检测结果表明有3组疫苗的抗原纯净度符合OIE的要求,但a1组灭活疫苗免疫后,仍然对感染与免疫鉴别诊断存在干扰;采用两种非结构蛋白抗体检测方法进行复核检验,可以提高感染与免疫鉴别诊断的准确性。本研究为口蹄疫免疫无疫评价方案的制定提供了科学依据。     

Immune Effect of Inactivated Vaccines against Foot-and-Mouth Disease and Their Interference on Differential Diagnosis

Vaccination with inactivated vaccine is an important measure to prevent and control foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), however, the immune effect and antigenic purity of inactivated vaccines are two major concerns for the establishment and evaluation of FMD free zones with vaccination. In this study, four groups of FMD type O and type A bivalent inactivated vaccines from 3 FMD vaccine manufacturers (designated as A, B and C) were selected to inoculate healthy juvenile cattle of FMD free. All cattle were immunized 3 or 4 times at a 1-month interval. Serum samples were collected before and after 1 month of every vaccination to determine the level of antibody to structural protein and non-structural protein. Results：(1) The qualified rates of antibody to structural protein: in group a1 (vaccine from company A, different batches), the antibody qualified rate could reach 100% for type O and type A, respectively after each vaccination. In group a2 (vaccines from company A, same batch), the antibody qualified rates were 36.7%, 98.3% and 100% for type O, and 15%, 86.7% and 100% for type A after the first to the third vaccination, respectively. In group b (vaccine from company B, same batch), the antibody qualified rates were 18.3%, 97% and 100% for type O, and 1.7%, 45% and 53.3% for type A after the first to the third vaccination, respectively. In group c (vaccines from company C, same batch), the antibody qualified rates were 26.7%, 96.7% and 100% for type O, and 21.7%, 71.7% and 100% for type A after the first to the third vaccination, respectively. (2) Antibody positive rate to non-structural protein 3ABC (confirmed with second ELISA test): In group a1, the positive rates were 0.7%, 1.4%, 9.5% and 4.8% after the first to the fourth vaccination, respectively; In group a2 and c, no 3ABC antibody-positive animal was detected after 3 repeated vaccination; In Group b, only one animal with a positive rate of 0.6% was detected after the third vaccination. The antibody qualified rates to the structural protein of FMDV in 3 of the 4 groups were far less than 70% after the primary vaccination, however, those were increased significantly after boost and repeated vaccination. The antigen purity of vaccines in three groups (a2, b and c) can meet the requirement of OIE standard on the FMD vaccine, however, the seroconversion to 3ABC antibody was obvious in animals from group a1 after repeated vaccination, which would cause some extent of interference to differential diagnosis. Also, a combination of a primary screening test and a confirmatory ELISA test can further improve the accuracy of differential diagnosis. This study provides an important scientific basis to make a rational program for establishment and evaluation of FMD free zone with vaccination.     

Comparative investigations of a combined vaccine against parvovirus and erysipelas and corresponding monovaccines in different vaccination schedules. 1: Field trial]

In a field trial, the development of antibodies of a combined vaccine against the porcine parvovirus (PPV) as well as against swine erysipelas was compared with corresponding mono vaccines. Furthermore, these vaccines were used in different vaccination schedules. The tests were carried out on 109 gilts in three closed farms. In all gilts, a basic immunization repeated twice was carried out at the age of six months and at intervals of three weeks. The revaccination was carried out four months after the basic immunization with half of the animals, and six months after the basic immunization with the remaining gilts. Between the combined vaccine and the mono vaccine no significant differences in the development of antibodies against PPV could be found according to different vaccination schedules. The gilts having been vaccinated with the mono vaccine and boostered six months later showed significantly higher antibody titers against Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae. Between the remaining vaccination groups no significant difference in the development of the antibodies against swine erysipelas could be found. On only one farm, a continuous decrease of antibody titers against PPV in case of altogether 238 non-vaccinated piglets until the sixth month of life could be observed. On the two other farms, an increase of antibody titers against PPV could be found at different points of time, which indicates an infection of the piglets. Between the individual vaccination groups no significant antibody titers against PPV could be measured in milk tests. With regard to the number of piglets born alive per litter, the number of piglets born dead per litter and the number of mummies, a significant difference could neither be found between the vaccination groups 1-4.