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根据GenBank登陆的新城疫病毒P基因序列,设计了一对引物,用RT-PCR技术对新城疫病毒内蒙古分离株TL1的P基因进行了扩增。将扩增产物提纯后克隆入pGEM-Teasy载体,通过酶切、PCR和测序验证克隆正确。测序拼接得出P基因的序列长度为1248bp,该基因的ORF总长为1188bp,编码395个氨基酸。与GenBank下载的12株参考毒株比较P基因编码区全核苷酸序列和氨基酸序列,发现TL1株与鹅源新城疫NA-1株核苷酸的同源性为99.8%,氨基酸的同源性为99.2%;与鹅源新城疫ZJ1株核苷酸的同源性为96.1%,氨基酸的同源性为95.5%,说明TL1株和与鹅源新城疫NA-1株、ZJ1株的同源性极高,它们三者亲缘关系较近,同属于基因VII型新城疫病毒。而与传统疫苗株LaSota核苷酸的同源性为83.4%,氨基酸的同源性81.8%,说明该毒株相对于经典的NDV在P基因上已发生了较大的变异。 相似文献
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自1997年以来,鹅源新城疫病毒(GNDV)的感染已经成为养鹅业最重要的疾病之一.本研究以抗新城疫病毒融合蛋白单克隆抗体为介导,建立了快速检测鹅源新城疫病毒感染的间接免疫荧光技术(IFA).所建立的方法特异性强,与传染性法氏囊病病毒、马立克氏病病毒及小鹅瘟病毒等均不出现交叉反应;用100 TCID50 GNDV感染鸡胚成纤维细胞,结果显示在感染后18h就可以检测到GNDV.与技术要求高、操作繁琐的RT-PCR以及病毒分离鉴定相比,IFA检测鹅源新城疫病毒感染具有快速、简单、特异等优点,具有很好的应用前景. 相似文献
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新城疫病毒(Newcastle Disease Virus,NDV)的跨种间传播机制是近年来研究的热点.选择NDV鹅源毒株ZJ1、SF02以及鸡源株、鸽源株和疫苗株La Sota株的全基因组序列,对其6个结构蛋白基因编码区序列运用SMS和CodonW软件进行了密码子使用分析,同时从物种密码子数据库获得鹅、鸡的密码子使用数据.与NDV基因组密码子使用情况进行比较.结果显示:鹅源、鸡源、鸽源与疫苗株NDV的基因组密码子使用情况基本一致;基因组密码子使用的偏向性较小,全基因组ENC值为57,6个编码基因的NEC值从54~60不等;基因组在密码子使用上存在28个优先使用的密码子,其中8个为高频使用密码子.鹅源NDV与鹅、鸡密码子使用偏性基本一致,仅5~6个密码子存在差异. 相似文献
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根据新城疫病毒F基因的裂解位点序列,设计合成一对引物和TaqMan探针,以本室构建并保存的鹅源新城疫病毒ZJ1株F基因阳性重组质粒作为中、强毒力新城疫病毒RNA定量检测的标准品,建立检测方法。结果表明本试验建立的标准曲线循环阈值(Ct值)与模板浓度具有良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.999,灵敏度约为3拷贝/μL,对禽流感病毒和其他禽病病毒无交叉反应,特异性好、重复性佳,为中、强毒力新城疫病毒检测提供了一种快速高效的定量检测方法。对28株标准分离株强弱毒力的检测与经典病毒分离方法符合率达100%,对187份临床样品的检测,二者结果符合率接近90.0%。在新城疫病毒临床样品快速检测、流行病学监测等方面显示良好的应用前景。 相似文献
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3株鹅源新城疫病毒的分子特征和遗传发生分析 总被引:4,自引:2,他引:2
2005年分离的3株鹅源新城疫病毒毒株经毒力(MDT)检测为强毒株,鸡胚平均死亡时间为48~60h。RT—PCR扩增出了融合蛋白(F)基因,测定相应的核苷酸序列并进行遗传发生分析和酶切位点分析。对基因编码的氨基酸序列进行了推导,3个试验毒株的蛋白酶裂解激活位点附近的氨基酸序列均为112R(K)RQKR↓F117,为强毒特征序列。根据绘制的系统进化发生树和F基因上3种限制性内切酶(RE)位点分布.确定了这3个毒株均为基因Ⅶ型。以上证据表明该基因型的新城疫病毒在我国鹅群的流行占据一定优势。 相似文献
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利用本实验室分离保存的猪源副黏病毒JL-1株来提取病毒基因组RNA.参考GenBank发表的相关禽副粘病毒Ⅰ型(Avian paramyxovirus serotype 1,APMV-1)基因组序列,设计了8对特异性引物,RT-PCR法分别特异性的扩增出病毒各基因片段,并将各目的基因片段回收纯化,将纯化后的PCR产物进行测序.测定结果得到NP、P、M、F、HN、La、Lb、Lc 8段基因序列,利用DNAMAN软件进行拼接得到基因组全长cDNA序列(GenBank登录号:EU546165).序列分析结果表明,PPMV JL-1株与各地代表株核苷酸同源性87.85%~99.78%,与鹅源新城疫(GPMV)ZJ-1、NA-1株核苷酸同源性分别为83.31%、83.46%,同时根据各毒株F基因开放阅读框前389个核苷酸序列绘制出系统发育进化树,结果表明PPMV JL-1株与LaSota同属于基因Ⅱ型,不同于基因Ⅶ型的ZJ-1和NA-1株的鹅源毒株. 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒R株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离MG,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离MG。结果表明,人工感染48小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,96小时气囊已被感染,120小时输卵管已能分离到MG,卵巢始终分离不到MG。人工感染鸡自144小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出MG。药物治疗能在72小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需24天后逐渐降低蛋内MG分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内MG,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献
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家兔作为一种实验动物 ,推动了繁殖技术的发展。本试验通过对不同年龄公獭兔的睾丸进行组织学观察、测定 ,研究精子的发生规律 ,为系统地进行繁殖生理工作提供依据。1 材料与方法选 60日龄、75日龄、90日龄 3个年龄公獭兔各5只 ,用外科手术法摘取两侧睾丸 ,放入 Bouin氏液中固定 ,二甲苯透明 ,石蜡包埋 ,切成 5~ 8μm切片 ,H.E.染色。在显微镜下观察 ,并进行定量组织学指标测定及差异性比较。2 结果和讨论2 .1 睾丸定量组织学指标的测定结果 见表 1。表 1 獭兔睾丸定量组织学指标 μm,个 /精细管60日龄 75日龄 90日龄曲细精管… 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献